Melanoma is a type of skin cancer caused by the uncontrolled growth of melanocytes (American Cancer Society, 2021). It most commonly appears on the legs for women and the chest and back for men but also can occur on the other parts of the human body in the form of black or brown patches. Although melanoma accounts only for 1 percent of all skin cancer cases, it is found to be the most deadly among them as it is likely to spread if not cured in time. Currently, the treatment options for this disease include surgery, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted drug therapy.
Ewing Sarcoma is a type of cancer that grows in the bones or the soft tissue. Most commonly, it is diagnosed in the legs, arms, spine, ribs, or pelvis. Despite being the second most prevalent type of bone tumor, it occurs quite rarely. Generally, the survival rate of children diagnosed with Ewing Sarcoma reaches approximately 70 percent if the disease is treated on time (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 2021). Otherwise, cancer can spread and, thus, increase the chances of a young patient’s death by more than twice. The treatment of this disease is partly similar to the treatment of melanoma and includes radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy.
Arthritis refers to the disorder that appears in the joints or tissues surrounding the joint. It is characterized by pain in the affected areas and stiffness. As there are more than 100 types of this disease, the reasons that can cause it may vary (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021). However, the specialists suggest the common risk factors that may increase the possibility of arthritis occurrences, such as for overweight and obesity, infectious viruses and bacteria, joint injuries, frequent knee bending and squatting, and smoking. The most common types of the disease include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis. The former is characterized by degenerative processes in the joints and bones caused by cartilage destruction. The second is an autoimmune disorder that occurs due to immune system attacks on healthy cells leading to inflammation and pain. Finally, gout is an inflammatory type of arthritis that is considered to be very painful. Usually, patients suffer from a swollen joint and recurrent feeling of heat in the affected part.
Works cited
About Melanoma Skin Cancer. American Cancer Society, 2021.
Arthritis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021.
Ewing Sarcoma. St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 2021. Web.