Intervention Plan
The intervention plan is based on the purpose of the project, which is the improvement of breastfeeding exclusivity of postpartum women from African American descent. The plan will consist of several steps, each of them aiming at fulfilling a specific goal of the project. Such elements as the assessment of the population’s needs, preparing the script for the role play, and calculating the data will be included in the plan.
- Assessing patients’ needs. At this phase, the reasons for women’s inclusion in the project will be evaluated. The expected primary causes are low-income status and the lack of education (Jones, Power, Queenan, & Schulkin, 2015; Srinivas, Benson, Worley, & Schulte, 2015).
- Preparing the scripting questions. By creating scripts for nurses, it will be possible to allow them to try role-playing, which will be later applied with the participants.
- Calculating the data. This step will be necessary for evaluating the best and worst outcomes and figuring out what approaches should be applied to the participants.
Sample
The study will be performed on postpartum African American women with a low level of income. However, the recruitment procedure should be held during the prospective participants’ pregnancy so that immediately after giving birth, they could practice the skills received during the intervention (Binns, Lee, & Low, 2016). Thus, the inclusion criteria are second- or third-trimester singleton pregnancy, belonging to African-American race, the absence of conditions complicating or excluding breastfeeding, and the ability to attend educational classes following the created schedule.
The exclusion criteria are the age over forty, working mothers who cannot attend lectures and practical classes, and belonging to the middle- and high-income families. The participants will be recruited with the help of obstetricians and ultrasound diagnostic specialists. These healthcare professionals will identify the patients eligible for the program and offer these patients a leaflet with the information about the intervention and contact details of the project leader. The women who decide to take part in the educational program will be able to address the leader. Upon collecting a sufficient number of participants, the recruitment process will be ceased.
Data Access and Data Security
The processes of accessing data and keeping it secure are some of the most crucial issues to consider when implementing a research project. First of all, it is necessary to keep all patient information anonymized (El Emam, Rodgers, & Malin, 2015). By doing so, one will not have to worry about data breaches in case someone has to use it for other research studies. Secondly, both for accessing and securing data, a password-protected computer will be used. That way, only those directly involved in the study will be able to view patient information, work with it, and, if necessary, share it with other stakeholders. Finally, each participant and research team member will sign a statement of data protection and will thus become aware of the legal outcomes of inappropriate data sharing.
Ethical Considerations
Ethical considerations to mind when conducting research are informed consent and freedom from coercion. By signing an informed consent form, the participants will give permission for researchers to use sensitive data (Spatz, Krumholz, & Moulton, 2016). At the same time, however, the participants will be informed about the researchers’ rights and restrictions pertaining to data sharing. The second ethical consideration is freedom from coercion, which means than an individual can stop participating if her circumstances change.
References
Binns, C., Lee, M., & Low, W. Y. (2016). The long-term public health benefits of breastfeeding. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 28(1), 7–14.
El Emam, K., Rodgers, S., & Malin, B. (2015). Anonymising and sharing individual patient data. BMJ, 350. Web.
Jones, K. M., Power, M. L., Queenan, J. T., & Schulkin, J. (2015). Racial and ethnic disparities in breastfeeding. Breastfeeding Medicine, 10(4), 186–196. Web.
Spatz, E. S., Krumholz, H. M., & Moulton, B. W. (2016). The new era of informed consent: Getting to a reasonable-patient standard through shared decision making. JAMA, 315(19), 2063–2064. Web.
Srinivas, G. L., Benson, M., Worley, S., & Schulte, E. (2015). A clinic-based breastfeeding peer counselor intervention in an urban, low-income population. Journal of Human Lactation, 31(1), 120–128. Web.