Qualitative research is often regarded as less reliable or valid due to the lack of rigor of its methodology. Qualitative methods are often associated with a considerable degree of bias. This design is often compared with quantitative research that is seen as rigorous and reliable. For instance, researchers can quantify the effectiveness of procedures and programs by analyzing such clear criteria as nursing-sensitive indicators (Martinez et al., 2015). Quantitative studies shed light on the extent to which a problem persists in particular settings. For instance, Markley and Stevens (2017) identify the current trends in admission rate in outpatient settings, which is important for the development of sound projects aimed at infection control. However, the development, implementation, and evaluation of projects are facilitated by the analysis of qualitative data. The use of qualitative methods enables researchers to explore stakeholder’s attitudes and behaviors that have a considerable impact on the success of the program or initiative. This paper includes a brief analysis of the qualitative methodology and its benefits based on the study by Sabet Sarvestani et al. (2013).
The purpose of the study under consideration was to examine the “challenges of nursing handover process during shift rotation in hospitals” (Sabet Sarvestani et al., 2013, p. 234). The focus was on nurses’ views and perspectives, so the use of the qualitative design was justified. The researchers employed content analysis to explore the participants’ opinions. The researchers aimed at identifying the most recurrent themes (related to the challenges), so the analysis of their accounts’ content was also valid (Sabet Sarvestani et al., 2013). One of the major strengths of the study in question is the utilization of a set of data collection methods, including observations, oral shift reports, and interviews. The use of several sources of information enhances the reliability of findings.
The timespan (four months) of the data collection process was sufficient to draw conclusions regarding the existing practices (Sabet Sarvestani et al., 2013). Finally, the researchers employed content analysis software to enhance the reliability of the obtained results. All these characteristics of the article under consideration suggest that qualitative methods can be valid and reliable if used properly. Clearly, they are the most appropriate option if people’s views (verbal content) need to be analyzed.
It is possible to state that the qualitative research design can be applied when addressing the identified research question. Hence, in order to evaluate the participants’ engagement in the project aimed at enhancing infection control, the use of qualitative methods is necessary. Nurses’ views on the effectiveness of the projects, their outcomes, associated challenges, as well as their satisfaction or concerns should be explored. The degree to which nurses are engaged in a project has an impact on the outcomes of this program. Clearly, the researchers should employ verified methods that are instrumental in addressing the research questions.
On balance, it is necessary to note that infection control is a complex issue requiring a holistic approach. In order to explore different facets of the problem, both quantitative and qualitative research methods can be used. The qualitative study under analysis shows that qualitative data are characterized by a sufficient degree of scientific rigor and a minimal level of bias. Hence, researchers should choose the most appropriate design based on the research questions and the established aims. The qualitative methodology is beneficial for the exploration of people’s opinions and behaviors.
References
Markley, J. D., & Stevens, M. P. (2017). Infection control in the outpatient setting. In G. Bearman et al. (Eds.), Infection prevention: New perspectives and controversies (pp. 35-53). Springer.
Martinez, K., Battaglia, R., Start, R., Mastal, M. F., & Matlock, A. M. (2015). Nursing-sensitive indicators in ambulatory care. Nursing Economics, 33(1), 59-63, 66.
Sabet Sarvestani, R., Moattari, M., Nasrabadi, A. N., Momennasab, M., & Yektatalab, S. (2013). Challenges of nursing handover. Clinical Nursing Research, 24(3), 234-252.