Introduction
HIV/AIDS spread is too high in the whole world. However, according to WHO AIDS epidemic update 2009 report, the rate of HIV/AIDS infected people in African regions is much higher. Developed countries offer their help, sending medicine, volunteers and financial support to the less civilized regions in Africa, but infection spread remains on the same level. One of the main problems refers to the fact that the level of newly infected people increases each year. Conducting this research, we are going to check the hypothesis that low economical development and lack of population awareness about HIV/AIDS danger and the ways of infection transmission are the main reasons for the increase of newly infected people in African regions.
Background
Takyi (2001) conducted research among African men. The most important results were as follows, he proved that men in Africa are more attentive and use preventive measures, if they are aware of the ways how infection spreads, and know about high level of infected people in the region. The results of the research conducted by McPherson and Gray (2000) show that foreign help does not help to stabilize the situation in African region, but leads to its worsening. When foreign capital is brought in the country, African government does nothing to implement personal initiatives and help infected people. Furthermore, Parkhurst (2010) tries to state that economical situation does not influence the rate of infected people as even highly developed countries have infected population and can do nothing with it.
Methodology
Participants
The participants of the research are going to be people from two different regions. We are going to select 500 people randomly from each of the regions. Approximately equal number of men and women aged from 17 up to 30 are going to be chosen for the research. We are not going to pay attention to the level of education or social position. The main criteria for the research are going to be age and the sexual activity.
Design and Experimental Manipulation
To rate economical situation in two different regions, we are going to use retrospective ecological comparison and trend analysis (McPherson & Gray, 2000). This technique is going to be used to measure the economical situation in two regions. This information will be helpful to check the hypothesis about the impact of economical level of the country on HIV/AIDS spread. The statistical information about the rate of HIV/AIDS in a developed country is going to be used as a measuring sample. Checking the second hypothesis, we are going to inform one region about the danger of HIV/ADS, about the ways of its transmission, and about the preventive measures people should take to protect themselves from being infected. Moreover, we are going to test people in two regions to know the rate of HIV/AIDS infected and to be able to consider the level of newly infected in the region in the future.
Instruments
The main instruments of the research are going to be the collection of the statistical data and its analysis. HIV/AIDS testing is also an instrument as it is going to help us measure the rate of infected people before and after the experiment. Testing is a valid instrument as it helps surely say the number of the infected people in the region. Statistical information is less valid as there are many internal and external factors that reduce the level of information reliability. Error should be included in the analysis.
Procedure
The research devoted to the consideration of the 1st hypothesis (about the economical level of the regions) is conducted on the statistical information using retrospective ecological comparison and trend analysis. Data and results should be properly notes. The second part of the experiment, (2nd hypothesis, population informing) is going to combine two strategies, group and individual. Individual technique presupposes testing and communication with a participant of the research about personal sexual activity, frequency and the number of partners. Group procedure presupposes lectures and discussions about the danger of HIV/AIDS, ways of its transmission and the measures which may be taken for personal protection. Checking the second hypothesis, we are going to inform only one region. Lectures and discussions, along with individual communication, are going to be provided once a week during the first month of the experiment and once a month up to the last, sixth month of the experiment. Then, population retesting is going to be made with the purpose to identify the level of the newly infected people in the region. The conclusions should be drawn.
Conclusion
Therefore, it may be concluded that that the considered methodology is going to be helpful while research conduction. We have stated the predicted participants, design and experiment manipulation, instruments and experiment participants. The research methodology should be followed by the results and discussion which is going either to confirm or to reject two hypotheses highlighted at the beginning of the experiment. Conclusions are obligatory as they are going to comprise the recommendations for the further research paying attention to the limitations of the current experiment.
Reference List
AIDS epidemic update. (2009). World Health Organization. Web.
McPherson, M. F., & Gray, C. S. (2000, July). An ‘Aid Exit’ Strategy for African Countries: A Debate. African Economic Policy, 49, pp. 1- 28.
Parkhurst, J. (2010). Understanding the correlations between wealth, poverty and human immunodeficiency virus infection in African countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 88(7), 519-526.
Takyi, B. K. (2001). Correlates of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and preventive behavior of men in Africa. Journal of Health & Human Services Administration, 24(2), 235.