Bharat Reddy, M., & Jagannathame, A. (2019). Ethics in media: An overview. International Journal of Scientific Research and Review, 7(5), 1663-1674. Web.
The article focuses on the importance and overall societal need of free media as a vehicle of disseminating objective and accurate information. The purpose of the paper is to engage in an academic discussion of the key ethical aspects of media that are a part of current information-sharing frameworks. Bharat Reddy and Jagannathame (2019) argue that media must be ethical to remain credible. Since media outlets can shape the public’s opinions and attitudes, journalism must be held to a certain ethical standard. The authors describe core ethical values that should guide media, including TV networks, publications, as well as social media blogs. These values are fairness, responsibility, caring, and citizenship, which are all crucial to keeping modern journalism centered around integrity and honesty. When it comes to news dissemination, the paper features a list of specific ethical principles to follow. The guidelines include freedom of expression, objectivity, respect for privacy, social responsibility, accuracy, and truthfulness, all of which constitute the foundation of free media.
Dierksmeier, C., & Seele, P. (2018). Cryptocurrencies and business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 152, 1-14. Web.
The focus of this paper is cryptocurrencies as an alternative to the centralized banking system. While Dierksmeier and Seele (2018) acknowledge the technological aspects of cryptocurrencies, they decide to discuss ethical significance of such currencies and its implications for business. The purpose of the article is “to address the impact of “blockchain technology” on the nature of financial transactions from a business ethics perspective” (p. 1). The authors assess the ethical impact cryptocurrencies can potentially lead to (morally beneficial, ambiguous, or fully detrimental). On the other hand, some envision cryptocurrencies as a potential avenue for economic revolution and choose to escape traditional banking, which is often viewed as corrupt. On the other hand, however, such currencies are associated with shadow banking and “dark net,” according to Dierksmeier and Seele (2018). The authors also note that “cryptocurrencies could contribute to an overall decline in financial asset volatility by offering countercyclical investment opportunities” (Dierksmeier and Seele, 2018, p. 5). It is important to note that the paper includes a discussion of the research’s limitations and relevance, which adds to the authors’ credibility.
Tzafestas, S.G. (2018). Ethics in robotics and automation: a general view. International Robotics & Automation Journal, 4(3), 229-234. Web.
This article focuses on new aspects of robotics and automation (R&A) that continue to emerge as a result of constant innovation in the field. A primary concern of the majority of scientists working in R&A is the need to develop cultural, ethical, and legal frameworks to address the nuanced issues that may arise in daily practice. The purpose of the paper is “to discuss the issue of ethics in robotics and automation, and outline major representative achievements in the field” (Tzafestas, 2018, p. 229). The author describes several levels of morality, including operational, functional, and full morality, which leads to a conclusion regarding the minimum requirements for a robot (or an automated system of any kind) to be considered ethical. Firstly, a robot must have an ability to predict the consequences of its actions. Secondly, it has to function in accordance to a specific set of ethical rules to select whether an action is ethical or not. Lastly, Tzafestas (2018) argues that a robot needs to have legal authority “to carry-out autonomous decision making and action, accompanied by associated liability” (p. 229). Although the article could benefit from going into more detail in regards to the solutions to the formulated issues, Tzafestas (2018) underlines the main requirements in automation systems, when it comes to ethical performance.