In “Preface”, several cases of ambivalence proved Livy’s mixed feelings towards his project. First, Livy demonstrated uncertainty about “any return for the effort” because he did not “bring some greater authenticity” or new contributions but celebrated “the memory of the past” (1). The author seemed to doubt his intent “neither to affirm nor refute” (2). Still, it is his right as a writer to be free and choose any way of sharing his thoughts and knowledge. Finally, Livy wanted to show his respect for history by discussing men’s moral principles, skills, and achievements (3). At the same time, he could not get rid of his confusion about human greed and “a desire to ruin ourselves and destroy everything” (Livy 4). These examples confirm that Livy had contradictory ideas about human history and did not follow one particular goal because of the ambiguity of human accomplishments combined with guilt and patriotism.
Work Cited
Livy. The History of Rome: Books 1-5. Translated by Valerie M. Warrior, Hackett Publishing Company, 2006.