Identification of the article The article selected for critique is titled “searching cell phones seized incident to arrest”. The author of this eight-page article is Wesley Clerk, who is a senior attorney in the Domestic Law Section, Office of Chief Counsel, DEA. It was first published online by FBI Law…
Introduction Judicial precedent is a common law system by which a precedent serves as an authority, principle, or rule established in litigation formerly decided. This becomes a binding or persuasive precedent for lower courts or tribunals to follow in deciding future cases with similar facts or issues. The precedent appears…
Type of the document: Bill/law Web address of the document: http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/primarysources/kansas-nebraska-act.html Date of the document: 1854 The author of the document: The Congress of the United States For what audience was the document written? This legal act was primarily intended for the public administrators working in the new territories of…
Legalizing Cannabis in the UK Legalizing cannabis is quite controversial. Legalizing cannabis agents have highly defended the move. Proponents of the move argue that legalizing the drug will decrease the social evils witnessed. Opponents feel that legalizing the drug will rot the society. Advantages of legalizing cannabis It will save…
After having read Chapters 5 and 6 in the textbook Introduction to Criminology by Frank Hagan, I was able to identify the following three points of interest: The fact that, throughout the entirety of both of these Chapters, Hagan made a deliberate point in referring to the Positivist criminological theory,…
Currently in the world, a substantial number of people depend on self employment or own labour to generate income. Globally employment is crucial for people to survive in the economy today. Due to the differences in the levels and quality of employment, being employed does not mean that one will…
The constitution of the united states, under the First Amendments provides that “Congress shall make no law… abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press.” (Cohen 36). The constitution continues to add that “Congress shall make no law…abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right…
Facts A company that is an affiliate of the INA Corporation acquired a significant ownership of an Iranian insurance company. It acquired 20 percent ownership in shares of Bimek Shargh and the process got approval from the Iranian insurance authority. This transaction was made in 1977 when the company paid…
Facts The World Trade Organization indicted Japan for what it described as a violation of the internal taxation and regulations as stipulated in the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade 1994. Japan had pledged to synchronize the Liquor Tax Law to comply with the World Trade Organization’s requirements. The World…
The article “Measuring Judicial Activism on the Supreme Court of Canada” is written in relation to claims made by a Supreme Court judge. In a ruling by the Supreme Court of Canada, one of the sitting judges accused the court of “undue incursions” caused by judicial activism. The article therefore…
Abstract This paper is basically a critical legal analysis of two cases, in particular, Cheryl L. Vandevender Vs Sheetz and Haimes Vs Temple University Hospital. These cases are concerned with compensation. In both cases, the plaintiffs (Vandevender, the patient, and her husband) are seeking compensation for their rights violation by…
Introduction Pleasure in intellectual and efficiency by architects is considered normal in modern life, in today’s world, it is advisable to use goods and develop innovativeness in view. The law concerning Intellectual Property has been erected to safeguard the main architects and their skills. Intellectual property can be described as…
Introduction One of the most interesting speech code cases I would like to highlight is the UWM Post v. Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin (1989) case, which is related to discrimination and discriminatory harassment code. First of all, it should be pointed out that the code is…
Currently, some plans will see New York become greener with great buildings. This development is in respect to a bill that was signed into law by Mayor Bloomberg barely two years ago. The first step is the implementation of the Lighting upgrade law, which requires tenants to upgrade their lighting…
There is a heated debate going on in many countries and states regarding the issue of punishment. Many scholars think that punishment should be sensible, human, and should aim to correct the offender. The punishment of criminal offenders as identified by classical penology may achieve the following ends; incapacitation, retribution,…
Introduction Various issues affect the business environment for companies in different countries. These issues make it difficult for companies to be successful since it is difficult to deal with the challenges. The following discussion indulges in smuggling to understand what it is, individuals who benefit from the trade, and ways…
Facts: On March 3, when the plaintiff was asked by the defenders to enlarge the operations, the plaintiff disagreed alleging that it could incur expenses if at all it wanted to accommodate the defendant’s plan of which it was not ready. The defendants promised the plaintiff to help it negotiate…
Facts Holmes was faced with a charge sheet containing some of the most heinous crimes in society. The defendant faced first-degree burglary and robbery, first-degree murder, and rape of an 86 year old woman, Mary Stewart. Convicted by a trail Court in South Carolina Court, Holmes was denied certiorari. This…
Facts William E. Story II was given a promise by his uncle to be paid $5,000 which translates to $72, 000 in today’s dollars rate under conditions that he refrained from drinking, using tobacco, swearing, and playing cards for money till he was the age of 21 years. To all,…
Facts: The agreement between Improve West associates’ and the Improve Comedy Club prohibits the Improve Club from opening any non-improve clubs till 2019. When Improve Comedy Clubs failed to open eight clubs by the end of 2002 Improve West commenced arbitration. The arbitration award of 2005 stated that CCI had…
Introduction Undercover activities have traditionally been used to target crimes involving corruption, drugs, pornography, and prostitution. This involves deception and involvement in illegal activity to gain evidence involving criminal activities. According to Marx (1988), “UCEs have worked to combat organized prostitution rings, the manufacture and distribution of drugs, street gangs,…
History of Due Process The history of due process from the adoption of the U.S. Constitution to the present illustrates historical strides in efforts to present the nation with a constitution that can serve the interests of its diverse population. The birth of the United States’ constitution draws us back…
There are huge differences between the regulations of information privacy in some regions that are caused by differences in culture and other significant factors. This article discusses current problems that are related to privacy in Africa that are complicated by the economic state of the countries on the continent. The…
Online privacy is always an interesting topic for discussion. It is especially true nowadays with the development of new technologies and the popularity of Social Media. This article focuses on the comparison of the governance of online privacy in two countries. Authors claim that the U.S.A. and China are making…
There have been many discussions about data privacy and methods that should be used to make sure that the information stays confidential. This article focuses on the current principles of information protection in South Korea and compares them to those of other Asian countries. Innovations that were introduced by the…
Distributive and interrogative bargain The Interrogative Approach is a system where agreements satisfy the interests of both parties. It aims at creating options that are good enough to serve both parties to their satisfaction. It involves brainstorming that leads to the discovery of common grounds and mutual benefits. On the…
The chapter 9 “Social Conflict Theories” describes the following analytical perspectives on law and social order. The consensus perspective revolves around the statement that the majority of society members have the same assumptions on the right and the wrong, and people collaborate to achieve some greater good. The pluralistic perspective…
How does the process of social interaction contribute to criminal behavior? The first part of Chapter 8 “Theories of Social Process and Social Development” is dedicated to social process theories, which assume that social interactions can contribute to criminal behavior. From this perspective, criminal behavior is not something that people…
Introduction It should be noted that health care reform has caused heated discussions among both expert community members and regular citizens. There are many people who support it while, at the same time, some people believe that the current system is flawed and it has numerous limitations. The purpose of…
Cyber-bullying and cyber-stalking are rather close in meaning, but there is a slight difference in definition of these terms. Cyber-bullying is explained as the use of cell phones or the Internet with the aim of posting pictures or text messages that may cause mental discomfort to another person (Taylor, Fritsch,…
To what extent are property offenders’ rational actors? Many people are convinced that property offenders are rarely guided by any logic or rationality. However, many of them are. The truth is the logic of such a person is not the same as the logic of an engineer or a mathematician,…
In the article “History from the inside out: Prison Life in Nineteenth-Century Massachusetts”, Larry Goldsmith has attempted to provide a detailed history of prison life and prison system during the 19th century. In particular, he takes the case at Charleston, New York, as an example of how American prison system…
Introduction The modern digitalized society provides multiple benefits for people because of the accessibility of information. At the same time, it also generates many concerns about the protection of data and copyright issues. The fact is that the rapid development of the Internet and emergence various databases containing thousands of…
Main Points Understanding the factors that lead to changes in crime dynamics is rather challenging. In their study, Lacey, Soskice, and Hope (2018) show that there has been no consistency in crime trends in the United States over the past few decades. However, the choices of legislation and policy seem…
Introduction The juvenile justice system in the United States was established to help in transforming children who engage in criminal acts or unlawful behavior. The system is structured in a way that is meant to help these youngsters understand how to lead a normal life as per the laws of…
Issue Facing Law Enforcement: Online Crimes and Social Media Today, the role of law enforcement and police is integral in society. In addition to the fact that many police officers and administrators aimed at protecting civilians and keeping order in the country, these people become solid examples of how to…
Introduction The bill H.R. 1121 was introduced in the House of Representatives in February 2017. The issue that needs to be resolved by the given bill contributes to improving the Public Health Service Act (PHSA) to provide medical services to American citizens because sometimes their expenses are not covered by…
Environmental issues have been in the spotlight for decades but it is clear that people are still reluctant to pay the necessary attention to the matter. Nonetheless, it is time to start solving issues which have been accumulating for centuries. The debate on environmental concerns can be considered through analysis…
Introduction Medical marijuana can be listed among controversial drugs that are viewed through the prism of negative stereotypes. Even though this treatment option can be regarded promising for certain conditions, some states still refuse to legalize it due to a variety of reasons. Considering the problem’s importance, the paper focuses…
Anytown is a hypothetical American city with fully functional systems, including public transportation and garbage collection. For an ordinary citizen, it appears as an incredibly good place to do business. However, deeper scrutiny reveals how the municipal council that helps in facilitating the daily activities of the city has become…
Introduction The forensic examination of latent fingerprints requires the dusting of surfaces with suitable powder to reveal invisible fingerprints. The nature of surfaces determines the type of dusting powder and the quality of latent fingerprints. Dusting powder ought to be fine, adhesive, sensitive, and dusty with an appropriate contrasting color…
The current issues of the world are centered on peace and proper conditions for the life of people. One of the controversial and problematic arguments of the present day is gun control laws. There are those who are convinced that allowing more guns to be in production and usage will…
Introduction Crime, as it is known, is a social phenomenon that accompanies the humanity for as long as there is society itself. In the world, there is a certain evolution of criminogenic factors, both socio-economic and socio-cultural. For example, the first ones include the general tendency of the uneven distribution…
Before the 1960s, children and adolescents had no clearly stated due process rights set according to the standards of the juvenile justice system. The situation changed in 1967 with reference to the case of Gerald Gault when the U.S. Supreme Court formulated the due process rights of juveniles (Wills, 2017)….
Importance of preventing the business from criminal activities Robbery is the act of taking over the personal property of an individual against their will. The act is executed by force or by causing fear to the individual in question. In most cases, the act is executed via violent means and…
Executive Summary The 20th century has seen a significant number of industrial disasters, which significantly contributed to the deterioration of the natural environment. The globalization of trade and commercial operations increased the level of pollution at both international and domestic levels. According to the statistical data, the presence of carbon…
Private action against polluters as a deterrent to the degradation of the environment Private action against polluters is often regarded as one of the possible deterrents to the degradation of the environment. This belief is based on the assumption that these lawsuits will prompt companies to improve their environmental performance….
National Legislation Legitimizing Mercy Killing Mercy killing can be regarded as an option in various settings as people often have no strength or patience to endure pain. Supporters of the legitimization of euthanasia emphasized this matter (Leming & Dickinson, 2015). Furthermore, many people believe that euthanasia is closely related to…
As part of court reform on child sexual assault, the Child Sexual Assault Jurisdiction was established in 2003. It was created as part of the recommendation by a comprehensive report on persecutions for this crime. The Specialist Jurisdiction had several aims, including reducing delays, improving the court environment, and overall…
Introduction The contract can be perceived as a bond between two parties that is based on reciprocal agreements and is expected to be followed by the parties involved in it. Nonetheless, there may occur situations when the underlying concepts of a contract can be disregarded either legally or dishonestly (Smits,…
Introduction: The Three-Strikes Law and the Controversy around It Despite numerous attempts to address the issue of violent crimes, the current statistics indicate that the subject matter remains a significant problem that needs to be addressed accordingly. According to recent statistics, 1,163,146 attempted violent crimes were committed in 2013 (Federal…
Epistemology of the Essays People’s knowledge and understanding of the facts are based on examining, analyzing, and referring to definite sources. These sources can be examined with the help of people’s senses, perceptions, and logic. Thus, the sources of knowledge are discussed as the objects of epistemology. From this point,…
What major event caused the Congress of the United States to enact a series of strong environmental legislation? During the 1960s-1970s, the new wave of the U.S. environmental movement contributed to enacting the series of strong environmental laws. The changes in the environmental legislation realized by the Congress of the…
Laws related to self-defense and the use of guns are among the most controversial policies in the United States. In Florida, the Stand Your Ground law, enacted in 2005, has sparked a number of debates on its potential consequences. The law is related to castle doctrine, which states that a…
Introduction There are many important concepts in today’s criminal system. A false confession is one of the terms that are frequently used by modern criminologists. Media says that despite the intentions of the system to protect the population against wrong and prejudice judgments, hundreds of prisoners remain the victims of…
Nowadays, it becomes increasingly clearer to more and more people across the US that there are many controversial aspects to the functioning of the penal system in this country. The reason for this is that, as time goes on, the current situation with it appears to raise new concerns of…
Introduction It is imperative to mention that the role of fair employment policies and prevention of discrimination in the workplace has been increasing. The situation has improved over the last few years, but such incidents are still quite common. The primary problem is that many employers are not aware of…
Many of the critical issues facing the modern world could be considered ethical questions that appear under the influence of the evolution of society. The process of the reconsideration of some traditional values has given rise to a great number of concerns. These have been related to such issues as…
The constitution is one of the symbols of national unity. However, the development process was not that peaceful. It involved a lot of bargaining and compromise. First, the Articles of Confederation became the source of the American law. It resulted in the development of the new constitution. The paper will…
Introduction Over the years, the criminal justice system in the United States has been a major topic of discussion with regard to the welfare of incarcerated criminals. One of the biggest concerns raised by the interested parties has been the challenge of crowding in prisons. Most prisons in the country…
Why is parricide the perfect crime? In his interview, Defense Attorney, Paul Mones states that parricide is a unique offense. This is because children who are abused by their parents will not often rebel against their abuser. After all, that abuser is still a caregiver and provider. Children are often…
Introduction The problem of child sexual abuse has been a major problem in Australia for several years. According to Frost, Daniels, and Hudson, laws have been enacted to ensure that the offenders are subjected to appropriate punishment as a way of deterring the behavior within the community.1 However, reports indicate…
Introduction The registration of sex offenders is a tool for improved public protection. It is an internationally accepted policy. The United States was among the pioneers of sex offender registration and developed the template that is followed by many other countries. Although this initiative is widely accepted, the issues of…
Introduction Disparities in juvenile sentencing are prevalent in the United States’ judicial system. Many juveniles from minority backgrounds receive severe punishments and are unfairly treated during sentencing. According to Leiber and Peck (2013), disparities are predominant in major crimes. Leiber and Peck (2013) aver, “The probability of a minority receiving…
Young offenders are thought to have somewhat different reasons for committing a crime than adults. Since young offenders’ crime is based on severity in relation to their age, the punishment and treatment must be set accordingly. A film titled Young Kids, Hard Time looks at several problems that arise when…
What is structural inequality? Structural inequality in essence is an inherent bias within social structures that can provide some advantages to a select group of people within society while at the same time marginalizing others. This can be seen in instances related to racism, education, and discrimination wherein certain segments…
In consideration of Herbert L. Packer’s crime control and due process models, why would anyone object to randomly having their car searched by a police officer if they have nothing to hide? In many developed countries, members of the public are protected by the constitution against illicit search and arrests…
Introduction People who are convicted of felony and other crimes may experience a relapse into undesired behaviors that are criminal in nature after they are released from prisons or after undergoing an intervention to discourage the return of such illicit ways. Shepherd, Luebbers, and Ogloff (2016) study the role of…
Introduction Attention Getting Device Death and injury due to accidental chemical exposure is a constant and real danger in construction sites around the world. On average nearly 30 million workers a year are exposed to hazardous substances due to improper handling standards, no prior knowledge regarding the corrosiveness of a…
Issue The current state of the ridesharing industry, represented by such companies as Lyft and Uber, does not have any legal regulations that would protect both drivers and consumers and their rights. Thus, government intervention is needed to prevent companies from exploiting the industry and putting both sides of the…
Introduction The enactment of the Affordable Care Act can be listed among the most discussed events related to the U.S. healthcare industry. The implementation of this act has several consequences for the population and the authorities, ranging from decreases in the number of uninsured patients to changes in the volume…
Introduction The Civil Service Reform Act (CSRA) of 1978 was an essential step towards creating an effective government system in the US. President Carter together with unions created a system in which employees could serve the country and perform their duties. The law had direct and indirect implications on the…
Although juvenile gangs have always existed in the United States, the current tendency is worrying indeed. The amount of gang-related crimes is growing rapidly, and nothing promises that the situation is going to change in the nearest future. According to the statistics provided by the National Gang Center, the number…
The groundwork of the Public Health Service Act was formed long before the act was conceptualized in 1798. After that, several Acts of Congress were passed in 1878, 1890, 1893, and 1906. These concentrated primarily on preventing epidemic diseases from entering the land from abroad, and the spread of communicable…
The 21st Century Cures Act of 2016 (2016), which has been a public law since the end of 2016 in the US, incorporates multiple important provisions regarding technology in healthcare, especially in connection to informatics. This paper is dedicated to its Section 4003. Section 4003 focuses on the nationwide interoperability…
Website Search The article related to the employment law on the HG website is extremely useful for employees and their employers. It provides summarized information regarding the labor law. One can find much information about the meaning of this concept and its history, which is likely to create a decent…
The government of the USA has developed a range of gun policies that are meant to ensure the security of its population. They affect homeland security strategies, making it easier to prevent and investigate crimes associated with the use of firearms. The effects of these laws do not only decrease…
Issues in the labour relations case study The matter presented by the management of Harding Space, Inc concerns the subject of employees’ privacy at the workplace. This topic falls under employee privacy Act. In the recent, issues related to working environment privacy and how companies address this topic has brought…
In the current digital age where criminals and terrorists use sophisticated methods to achieve their selfish goals, law enforcement agencies find themselves in increasingly challenging situations when it comes to protecting the Fourth Amendment. The courts are also making contradictory rulings, which bring further confusion to the issue. In the…
Introduction The Florida Nurse Act is put in place to ensure advanced practice nurses meet every minimum requirement for high-quality and safe practice. The Act governs the responsibilities of certified nurse midwives, nurse practitioners, certified nurse anesthetists, and clinical nurse specialists. This paper compares and contrasts these population-focused roles. It…
What is criminal profiling? What are the procedures used in criminal profiling and how is the profile evaluated? Criminal profiling is an investigative tool that is used to create a personality profile of a suspect based on the information found at the crime scene (Fulero & Wrightsman, 2008, p. 84)….
Introduction The key purpose of this paper is to analyze and assess the main similarities between the Hobbesian and Austinian concepts of the sovereign, precisely outline the constitutive elements of John Austin’s theory, and thoroughly examine how the definition is applicable to the laws in the United States. The Thesis…
Although Florida, as well as other states in the USA, suffers from shortages of primary care physicians, acute physicians, and other healthcare providers, there are still barriers for foreign-trained physicians to be employed in hospitals and clinics in the state (Pande, 2014; Peterson, Pandya, & Leblang, 2014). Currently, International Medical…
Introduction The paper at hand will analyze the Medical Marijuana Legalization Initiative, Amendment 2, which was passed in the state of Florida on November 8, 2016, and came into legal force on January 3, 2017. The policy allows patients who are suffering from debilitating or terminal medical conditions to receive…
Introduction The Clean Air Act is a significant piece of environmental legislation in the United States. First enacted in 1963, the policy seeks to regulate emissions to promote public health and environmental objectives of the country. Throughout the years, the Clean Air Act proved to be useful in improving air…
Analysis of the Situation In the case at hand, a supervisor is trying to use his authority to gain sexual favors from his junior staff. Frank, the corporate sales supervisor, wants Mary, the sales associate, to have sex with him so that he can sign his expenses bill (incurred to…
Introduction One of the most controversial issues in American politics that have been going on for decades is gun control. Gun control refers to the set of laws that govern the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, and use of firearms by American citizens. In many countries, firearm policies are very…
Introduction The First Amendment to the US Constitution is a document vital to the regulation of the life of its citizens and the functioning of the country’s governmental bodies (Stone et al. 21). Despite its significance, the initiative has been subject to frequent criticism. Although critics of The First Amendment…
Introduction The United States federal government Contracting is a strategy that is used to provide equal access to government procurements to large and small businesses. The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) system governs state procurement of goods and services. It stipulates the procedures for contracting together with the payment methods for…
The Shawshank Redemption is one of the most iconic drama films in Hollywood history representing the criminal justice system and “life in prison” themes. The movie was directed by Frank Darabont and released in 1994. It stars actors such as Tim Robbins, Morgan Freeman, and Bob Gunton (“The Shawshank Redemption,”…
Topic Overview and Current State The issue that is going to be investigated in the paper at hand is related to the problem of non-compete agreements or covenants not to compete. In contract law, the term refers to a specific clause under which an employee signs a document restricting his/her…
Abstract Movies have been known to influence popular culture in different parts of the world. Analysts believe that the “CSI effect” is one of the fruits of popular culture. The argument presented in this paper is that the effect has significantly influenced jurors in such a way that they ask…
Contracts are a critical part of the modern legal environment, as they guarantee that certain actors will engage in cooperation and remain satisfied with their results. In such a way, they can be determined as agreements between two or more parties that create a certain type of obligations enforceable by…
Introduction Computer forensics involves collecting evidence in situations where digital information is compromised. Computer forensics scientists assess digital media to identify, preserve, recover, analyze, and present facts about the information under investigation. Many firms across the world are spending huge amounts of money on an annual basis to ensure that…
Introduction In any society, some individuals do not want to abide by the laws of their countries, and their activity can pose a threat to national security. When such people unite their efforts to fulfill their own goals, intimidate ordinary people, undermine the reputation of authorities, or instigate conflicts between…
Statement of Issue The Affordable Care Act, the original purpose of which was the improvement of public health through an increase in insurance and coverage rates, is achieving unsatisfactory results. The reform has resulted in greater access to health care and improved health outcomes, but the provisions also resulted in…
Introduction It is evident that the phenomenon of Red Scare is among the most important aspects of American history due to its immense impact on social and political life of the country. The influence of this period on the current state of criminological policymaking in the United States could also…
In the modern world, the importance of effective transport systems is extremely high since mobility has become one of the key values in business and everyday life. The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) belongs to the number of governmental organizations in the United States that are responsible for the creation…
Introduction The school-to-prison pipeline is a highly destructive tendency. It results in students being suspended and imprisoned for minor discipline violations. The problem can be studied from many perspectives, as it concerns social, psychological, and political issues. This paper investigates the school-to-prison pipeline from the political point of view using…
Status of One of the IOM Recommendations The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has introduced multiple changes to the healthcare system of the United States, supposedly improving access to health-related services. The regulation allowed implementing improvements at a range of levels, including legal and financial ones (“The Affordable Care Act turns…