Cubist is a different type of art work which shows the two dimensional representation of a three dimensional object. Natural resources are mainly used for this painting and variety of colors is applied in this painting. Cubist “paintings are characterized by geometric, fractured forms, muted, depthless colors, and unspecified edges. This method produced forms with a reinterpreted a point of view not reliant on classical theories of perspective, the disappearing horizon, or precise angles of illumination.” (Mithra para 2). The assortment colors made this art more beautiful and very attractive. This picture mainly consists of the geometrical figures and these figures are highlighted with bright colors, so that it can view concurrent angles of the same picture. The real theme of the objects in the image can be understood only if it is watched from several positions. The human figures are also done in the Cubist art. Robert Delaunay is the French painter who has done many cubist art and “Graphic Champs de Mars” is his famous art.
Futurist is one of the main art works of Italy which is done in distinct manner. “Futurist painting and sculpture were especially concerned with expressing movement and the dynamics of natural and man-made forms.” (Delahunt para 2). This art is very famous all over the world which is used in all fields of art like painting, interior designing, graphic design, designing clothes and so on. Futurist art is done in decoration and designing, so the latest resources and tools are used for it. Thus, the utilization of the newest techniques and materials made the futurist art more gorgeous. The geometric figures of cubist were used in futurism which offered the foundation of futurist art. Umberto Boccioni is the well-known painter in Italy and “Visioni Simultanee” is one of his famous works.
Even though cubist and futurist are art work, there are some differences between these arts. The difference is mainly in their style and materials used in them. The cubist art is usually based on some real topic whereas the futurist art is done on general topic. The futurist art supports the new tools; metropolitan livings as well as it eradicate all traditional things. Natural resources are used in Cubist work and it is a latest model of art which shows the objects in two dimensional representations.
Compare and or contrast the philosophies of “de Stijl” with those found in Russian Constructivism. Use specific artists and objects as you build your argument.
“The De Stijl, literally translated as “the style” was an art movement founded by architect and painter Theo van Deosburg in 1917 in Leiden. Other founders of the group included the sculptor Vantongerloo, architect JJP Oud, designer Rietveld, and the painter Mondrian.“ (De Stijl Architecture para 1).
It was a Dutch movement and its goal was to develop a new awareness and an objective art which is founded from clear principles. It used the skills of the artists in designing furniture, buildings, homes etc. De Stijl magazine was published to explain about the De Stijl movement. The magazine emphasized on the new idea of neo placism on art. Most of the paintings during this period contained the elements of nature in them. The cubist paintings and the geometric forms influenced the De Stijl movement. Mysticism also influenced this movement. The paintings presented larger spaces and were geometric figures made of primary colors. The De Stijl movement was unique because this movement did not follow the rules of cubism, futurism and surrealism and also did not stick to art school theories. A group of architects, artists and designers were the participants in the movement. Architecture and design during this period was influenced by the De Stijl movement. In this movement there was unity in the design and the design was simple. De Stijl has thus played a very important role in the field of art.
Constructivism was an art and architectural movement that was developed in Russia. Russian constructivism was similar to the movement called supermatism. The Russian constructivism was also influenced by cubism and futurism. Some of the theories of De Stijl were used in the Russian constructivism. The sculptural works of this movement were based on futurism and cubism. The constructivism used photography, machines, modern graphics etc in their philosophy and also considered the hopes and aspirations of the people. This movement tried to solve the problem of social inequality in Russia. Arts was collaborated with rationalism by the Russians by this movement.
“Constructivism in 1915 and De Stijl in 1917 were two movements which incorporated abstraction into the world of architecture and sculpture. These were parallel movements.” (Abstract Art Sculptures para 4).
De Stijl and constructivism are almost similar types of movements. De Stijl took place in Holland whereas constructivism took place in Russia. Cubism influenced both De Stijl as well as constructivism. The movements of De Stijl and constructivism had significant influence on the society. Both the movements used the simplest methods of art for communication. The presentation of De Stijl was more futuristic than constructivism. The two movements presented many new design ideas and tried to redefine the art form.
Describe how Robert Rauschenberg uses cultural artifacts in his artwork. Compare or contrast Rauschenberg’s philosophy of culture with that of Andy Warhol’s.
Robert Rauschenberg, an American artist, is the one who tries to coordinate art and life together. He is famous in the fields of sculptor, painter, composer, photographer etc. He shows his own artistic touch in multimedia art and skill screen printing. He is interested in action painting and Pop and Conceptualism (Modern art movements in early days). His single color works ‘White Painting, Black Painting, Red Painting’ are the real signature of his artistic talent. For the completion of the red painting, he uses so many natural objects like nails, woods, papers etc. He introduced an artistic concept which opposes Abstract Expressionism. For that “he wanted to create a form of art with instant meaning -something the guy in the street could relate to – an aim which was diametrically opposed to the intellectualism of Abstract Expressionism with its esoteric canvases.” (Robert Rauschenberg (1925-2008) para 6).
He has created new approach in artistic field, that is paint or art can be made by using anything in nature which act as contradict to the traditional fine art concept. Also he gives more importance to the conceptual art. His ‘combines‘ is the main work which helps to create his name in the artistic field.
Andy Warhol was also one among the counterculture society in early days.
“Warhol’s work appropriated the images of American popular culture for the purposes of high art, creating portraits that celebrated a superficial and sometimes violent society.” (Warhol, Andy- Overview, Personal Life, Career Details, Chronology para 1).
In his art and photography he had taken the mass production technique, which makes him unique in the work. Even though he was a popular commercial artist, he was interested in Pop art also. “Commodifying his art and comodifying himself, Warhol challenged the modernist perspective and won, becoming one of the most recognizable artists of the 20th century.” (Cullers para 6).
Andy Warhol showed his artistic talent in advertising field and also in film making. His greatest interest towards the pop art made him prince of pop. The main idea of Andy Warhol art was to reduce the variation between fine arts and commercial art.
Works Cited
Abstract Art Sculptures. Art.in. 2006. Web.
Cullers, Rebecca. Andy Warhol: A Pop Culture Response to Modernism. 2001. Web.
Delahunt, Michael. Futurism. Artlex.com. 2009. Web.
De Stijl Architecture, De Stijl Pictures, De Stijl Paintings, and De Stijl Artists: The De Stijl Movement. Web.
Mithra, S. What is Cubism? Wise Geek. 2009. Web.
Robert Rauschenberg (1925-2008): Rauschenberg’s Artistic Philosophy. Encyclopedia of Irish and World Art. 2009. Web.
Warhol, Andy- Overview, Personal Life, Career Details, Chronology: Andy Warhol, Social and Economic Impact. Online Encyclopedia. 2009. Web.