Introduction
Modern world is quick, rush and depressive and people cannot always follow it. The main organ in people’s organism, which suffer from such style of life, is a heart. People’s heart is in the highest danger then other organs, because of different stresses and constant pressure, and specialists from all over the world try to find new ways of treatment, which will help people to cope with their diseases. Congestive heart failure is the disease, which appeared to be the most frequently met among other heart diseases and all professionals search for improved ways and strategies of problem decision; moreover, the search of new ways of congestive heart failure problem decision became possible with the appearance of innovative computer technologies.
Main Body
Beta-blockers were used for years, but then investigation showed that such technique was unsuccessful, which just worsen the treatment. During the last years new investigations were provided, which proved that the usage of beta-blockers is still helpful. The reason of refusal from beta-blockers was the opinion that beta-blockers prevented the adrenalin creation in people’s organism, which was considered to be harmful before. The recent research showed that people with high level of adrenalin got worse prognoses, and it was concluded that adrenalin in organism was harmful for people’s health, especially for those with congestive heart failure. Moreover, the high level of adrenalin could lead to congestive heart failure and beta-blockers began to be used again as a good therapy for people with heart problems (“The evolution of congestive heart failure care” 1).
A number of children with congestive heart failure increases now and some specialists offered to provide the techniques, which are used on adults, on children. Anne-Kristina Frobe et al. decided to provide the investigation of the effect of beta-adrenoceptor-blockers on children. The idea of beta-blocker testing on children with congestive heart failure came with realizing that this technique was successfully used on adults and it may be adapted to children’s needs. The data for investigation was chosen randomly: 20 of 22 children, who took part in the investigation, felt improvements with beta-blocker usage in the cases of congestive heart failure problems, but when 161 participants were tested, the results appeared to be less optimistic. In the case with 161 participants, specialists did not see any evidence of improvements over placebo in the composite measure of congestive heart failure. The results of this research were not deep, the investigators insisted that the further research should be provided and in this case the type of beta-blocker should be considered, the duration of treatment and dosing of it should be carefully investigated (Frobe et al. par. 7).
Franz Wiesbauer et al. provided the research of the influence of perioperative beta-blockers on people, who suffered from congestive heart failure, and were operated before. In fact, the research was complicated and the data was collected randomly form eleven large databases. Patients, who suffered from cardiovascular mortality, myocardial–ischemia/infarction, and supraventricular arrhythmias after surgery were investigated from the point of view of perioperative beta-blockers effect, provided on them. The results showed that the level of mortality after perioperative beta-blockers usage did not reduce, but general condition of patients improved. In fact, perioperative beta-blockers may not be used with the aim of mortality reduction. Still, perioperative beta-blockers usage should not be rejected in general, as this technique was effective during perioperative arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia treatment (Wiesbauer et al par. 3).
One of the innovations, achieved by the scientists’ investigation, was the discovering that diuretics may lead to relief in people’s health with congestive heart failure problems. Such hypothesis was checked by Rajaa F. Faris et al., who provided the review of literature sources about the problem and came to the conclusion that diuretic therapy was effective. Faris et al. provided the analysis of 14 trials with 525 participants, 7 of which were provided with placebo-controlled agents, and 7 with ACE inhibitors or digoxin (diuretics). The results showed that the level of mortality was lower in patients, who were treated with diuretic therapy. Moreover, the general physical condition of patients, who were treated with diuretics, improved (Faris et al. par. 6). Therefore, it may be concluded that diuretic therapy is effective and should be used on people, who suffer from congestive heart failure.
Digoxin effect on people with congestive heart failure was investigated by Dhaval Patel et al. and the results of their investigation showed that treatment with digoxin was effective. The investigation proved that digoxin “improves the stress shortening relationship, a load independent index of systolic performance, and by increasing arterial baroreceptor and cardiac receptor nerve discharge, increases efferent parasympathetic activity and reduces the outflow of sympathetic activity” (Patel et al. 481).
Furthermore, Pilote et al. provided deeper investigation of the effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on people, who suffered from congestive heart failure and their results proved that ACE inhibitors improved the general condition of people, who suffered from congestive heart failure, and reduced the relapses, which people with current problems usually suffered from. ACE inhibitors were not widely used in the medical practice before, but current investigation and some other researches of the problem proved that treatment by means of ACE inhibitors is effective and must be implemented in the modern medical practice (Pilote et al. 1309).
Thalassemia is one of the types of congestive heart failure, which was considered to be the reason of 63% people’s deaths in the middle of XX century. The appearance of “intensive intravenous (iv) chelation treatment with deferoxamine in combination with the oral chelator deferiprone (L1)” (Aessopos, Kati, Tsironi 69) is considered to be one of the ways of problem decision. Mentioned combination leads to the improvement of people’s condition and the reduction of deaths form congestive heart failure, that seems to be one of the new ways of the disease combating. The research shows that congestive heart failure is usually supported by a number of different other problems, such as hypoalbuminemia, excessive hepatic iron, viral infections or some other types of infections, which lead to liver dysfunction. All these problems must be monitored and treatment should be provided in the combination with congestive heart failure treatment. Specialists of the research provided underlined that diuretic treatment is the most innovative way for combating the disease or at least slowing its duration (Aessopos, Kati, Tsironi 70).
Digitalis glycosides were used for treatment of congestive heart failure, but no significant results were gained. Recent researches show that digitalis glycosides treatment is greatly effective in the combination with beta-blockers usage. The research of effective usage of digitalis glycosides treatment in the combination with beta-blockers was provided by William B. Hood et al. The problem needs some development and further investigation, but, in fact, current discovering is significant in the medical sphere (Hood et al. par. 6).
Kostuk and Mannheimer et al. are sure that one of the main treatments of congestive heart failure is the change of people’s style of life. One of the main aims of the physicians is to improve the quality and the quantity of people’s lives by means of relieving the symptoms, they suffer from. Scientists are sure that one of the main activities, which must be used for reduction of people’s diseases, especially of those with congestive heart failure, is the usage of prescribed polypharmacy, bed rest for people with unstable condition and physical exercises for those, whose condition is stable. Kostuk and Mannheimer et al. are sure that movement is one of the main conditions for healthy life and even those who suffer form congestive heart failure should do exercises (under physician monitoring) to reduce the risks of heart problems appearance (Kostuk 1054; Mannheimer et al. 239).
Conclusion
In conclusion, congestive heart failure is the problem of the whole mankind and professionals from all over the world try to solve it by improving ways and strategies of problem decision; moreover the search for new ways of congestive heart failure problem decision became possible with the appearance of innovative computer technologies, which help scientists to find out new pharmaceutical decisions and other possibilities for people’s treatment. Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, digoxin and diuretics reatment are new strategies, which are used in the current world for treatment of congestive heart failure.
Works Cited
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Aessopos, Athanassios, Kati, Maria and Maria Tsironi. “Congestive Heart Failure and Treatment in Thalassemia Major.” Hemoglobin 30.3 (2008): 63-73. Print.
Faris, Rajaa F., Flather, Marcus, Purcell, H., Poole-Wilson, P. A., and Andrew J. S. Coats. “Diuretics for heart failure.” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1 (2006): CD003838. Web.
Frobel, Anne-Kristina, Hulpke-Wette, Martin, Schmidt, Klaus G., and Stephanie Läer S. “Beta-blockers for congestive heart failure in children.” Cochrane Database Syst. Rev 1 (2009): CD007037. Web.
Hood, William B., Dans, Antonio L., Guyatt, Gordon H., Jaeschke, Roman, and John J. V. McMurray. “Digitalis for treatment of congestive heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm.” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2 (2004): CD002901. Web.
Kostuk, William J. “Congestive heart failure: What can we offer our patients?” CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal 165.8 (2001): 1053-1055. Print.
Mannheimer, Buster, Andersson, Bert, Carlsson, Lilian, and Peter Währborg. “The validation of a new quality of life questionnaire for patients with congestive heart failure-an extension of the Cardiac Health Profile.” Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal 41.4 (2007): 235-241. Print.
Patel, Dhaval, Cuneo, Bettina, Viesca, Regina, Rassanan, Juha, Leshko, Jenny, and James Huhta. “Digoxin for the treatment of fetal congestive heart failure with sinus rhythm assessed by cardiovascular profile score.” The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 21.7 (2008): 477–482. Print.
Pilote, Louise, Abrahamowicz, Michal, Eisenberg, Mark, Humphries, Karin, Behlouli, Hassan, and Jack V. Tu. “Effect of different angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors on mortality among elderly patients with congestive heart failure.” CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal 178.10 (2008): 1303-1311. Print.
Wiesbauer, Franz, Domanovits, Hans, Schlager, Oliver, Wildner, Brigitte, Schillinger, Martin, and Hermann Blessberger. “Perioperative beta-blockers for preventing surgery related mortality and morbidity.” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2 (2003): CD004476. Web.