Glomerulonephritis may be defined as an acute or chronic inflammatory disease that involves the glomerulus on a first-priority basis, however, tubular epithelium, interstitium, and renal vasculature may be affected as well. In turn, a pneumococcal infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterial disease that may move from lungs to the blood, middle ear, sinuses, or the brain in case of the patient’s weak immune system (Banasik, 2018). In other words, a pneumococcal infection may affect glomerulus and lead to potentially more severe infections. At the same time, nephrosis is a clinical diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome or kidney disease that is traditionally characterized by protein loss in the patient’s urine and underlying glomerulonephritis.
On the basis of JH’s laboratory analysis and the traces of protein in the urine, it is possible to conclude that the patient’s condition has progressed to renal failure. The traces of creatinine and BUN may be regarded as determining. In addition, such observable symptoms as hyperventilation due to a low level of HCO3, increasing lethargy, and a considerable decrease in urine output, and edema confirm this diagnosis. In addition, a urine collection for the accurate determination of glomerular filtration rate and the monitoring of such symptoms as irregular heartbeat and the pressure or pain in the chest will be helpful.
Uremia is defined as a dangerous symptom of kidney failure that leads to the accumulation of urea in the blood instead of filtering away. However, the treatment of nephrosis and uremia requires different diets. While a high-protein diet is prescribed for patients with nephrosis to restore the loss of protein in the urine, for uremia, a low-protein diet is highly recommended.
Reference
Banasik, J. L. (2018). Pathophysiology (6th ed.). Saunders.