Description of the Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the implementation of an adolescent Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) program in primary care clinics. The program utilizes a change package created by the National Council, FaCES, to guide implementation. The researchers are interested in understanding the clinics’ experiences and how well the FaCES package facilitated the adoption of SBIRT practices.
Explanation of Research Design
This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data with qualitative data. This approach provided a comprehensive picture of how well the SBIRT program was being implemented in the clinics.
Discussion of the Sample
The study focused on 13 FQHCs participating in an SBIRT learning collaborative. This allowed researchers to assess the FaCES change package in clinics adopting SBIRT. The FQHCs served diverse patient populations (by location, size, and ethnicity), thereby strengthening the generalizability of the findings to a broader range of adolescent primary care settings.
Description of Data Collection Methods
A mixed-methods approach was used. Quantitative data included clinic self-assessments (OSA), staff surveys, and EHR data. Qualitative data involved on-site visits with staff interviews and workflow observations. This combination provided a comprehensive picture of SBIRT implementation in the FQHCs.
Summary of Findings
This study examined adolescent SBIRT program implementation using FaCES. Strong leadership, dedicated teams, and adaptable screening processes were key to success. Staff confidence and intervention-screening matching improved. EHR capabilities significantly impacted implementation. Patients receiving follow-up screenings showed decreased substance use.
Strengths of the Study
This mixed-methods design offered a well-rounded picture of SBIRT implementation in clinics. The diverse clinics strengthened the generalizability of the findings.
Limitations of the Study
Missing data in the organizational self-assessments and EHR limited the analysis. Additionally, the unidentified survey responses make it difficult to track individual progress over time.
Recommendations Regarding Potential Applications for Future Practice
This study highlights the importance of leadership, dedicated teams, and tailored training for successful SBIRT implementation. Clinics should consider their EHR capabilities. Future research could explore cost-effectiveness and methods for tracking external referrals.
References
John Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Appendix E Evidence Appraisal Tool.
Soberay, A., DeSorrento, L., Pietruszewski, P., Sitz, M., & Levy, S. (2021). Implementing Adolescent SBIRT: Findings from the FaCES Project. Substance Abuse, 42(4), 751–759.