Abstract
This experiment examines the chemical reaction between iron metal and a copper (II) sulfate solution to determine the correct chemical equation using stoichiometric principles. The reaction entails the replacement of copper (II) ions by iron, resulting in the creation of copper metal and iron ions. The goal is to determine if the iron ions are in the ferrous or ferric state.
Procedure
The experimental procedure involves measuring 1 g of iron powder, determining the volume of a 1.0 M copper (II) sulfate solution, and initiating the reaction by combining the solution with the iron powder. The copper is separated, washed, dried, and its mass is measured. The moles of copper produced are compared to the moles of iron reacted by calculating their ratio and comparing it to the expected ratios for two possible chemical equations. The findings enhance the knowledge of redox reactions and stoichiometry, offering valuable insights into the iron-copper (II) sulfate reaction.
Result and Calculations
Discussion
An incomplete reaction between iron and copper (II) sulfate is a possible source of inaccuracy. The accuracy of the moles of copper obtained may be compromised due to insufficient stirring or heating, which might lead to incomplete displacement of copper ions (Queens College, 2021). Additionally, there was a reduction in the amount of copper present after washing, as the decantation procedure lacks thoroughness (Queens College, 2021). The liquid may unintentionally expel copper particles, leading to a reduced copper mass compared to the real amount recovered.
Conclusion
This experiment aimed to determine the chemical equation for the reaction between iron metal and a solution of copper (II) sulfate using stoichiometric principles. By employing meticulous experimental techniques, such as accurate measurements, heating, and washing procedures, the quantities of copper produced were compared to the quantities of iron reacted. It is important to recognize possible errors, such as incomplete reaction and copper loss during washing. These sources highlight the importance of employing meticulous experimental methods to improve the precision and dependability of the findings. This experiment offers insights into redox reactions, stoichiometry, and metal ion displacement in solution.
References
Queens College. (2021). Chemistry 113.1 Introduction to Chemical Techniques Experiment 4. Stoichiometry of Iron-Copper(II) Sulfate Redox Reaction. 1–2.