Amelia, S., Maria, S., Roy, J., Darma, D. C., & Pusriadi, T. (2019). Underground economy: The shadow effect of human trafficking. LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences, 5(1), 137–153. Web.
In light of the difficulties inherent in combating and resolving human trafficking in Indonesia, Amelia et al. (2019) provide a comprehensive study and analysis of the issue. According to the study’s findings, employees in Indonesia were subjected to trafficking and experienced losses due to the underground economy and unlawful practices. Human trafficking stems from complex interplays of economic, social, cultural, and legal forces. The article is useful to my research topic, as it concerns the dependent variable of human trafficking and explores it in greater depth.
Chisolm-Straker, M., Sze, J., Einbond, J., White, J., & Stoklosa, H. (2019). Screening for human trafficking among homeless young adults. Children and Youth Services Review, 98, 72–79. Web.
In their research, Chisolm-Straker et al. (2019) created a screening test for human trafficking among homeless young adults that is precise, concise, and easy to use. The screening tool will help social care providers identify and assist homeless young adults who have been trafficked. The study’s primary finding is that homeless young people are at increased risk of being trafficked. The article highlights where a person lives as an independent variable and delves more into the issue of homelessness as a significant risk factor.
Gallo, M., Thinyane, H., & Teufel, J. (2022). Community health centers and sentinel surveillance of human trafficking in the United States. Public Health Reports, 137(1_suppl), 23S-29S. Web.
Human trafficking is a public health hazard, and Gallo et al. (2022) comprehensively analyze the subject and propose sentinel surveillance as a solution. They also examine how human trafficking is linked to other socioeconomic factors, such as poverty, immigration status, and marginalization. Human trafficking research is complex, according to Gallo et al. (2022), because of the demographic range of victims and the ambiguity of the laws. The article concerns the dependent variable of human trafficking and offers helpful insights into the socioeconomic causes and strategies for addressing them.
Kakar, S. (2022). Urban settings and human trafficking – A crossroads of the perfect storm for crime perpetration and ideal environment for crime prevention. Urban Crime – An International Journal, 3(1), 8–25. Web.
According to Kakar (2022), metropolitan settings are more hospitable to the emergence, maintenance, and proliferation of all forms of human trafficking. The study covers this knowledge vacuum and seeks to clarify our understanding of the metropolitan characteristics that foster the growth of human trafficking. The author compiled data on gender, age, race/ethnicity, country of origin, education, income, employment, occupation, political leanings, and residential region (urban, suburban, or rural). The data analysis showed that urban areas provide ideal places for offenses like human trafficking to emerge and thrive unchecked.
Schwarz, C., Xing, C., Daugherty, R., Watt, S., & Britton, H. E. (2018). Frontline workers’ perceptions of human trafficking: Warning signs and risks in the Midwest. Journal of Human Trafficking, 6(1), 61–78. Web.
This report interviews frontline workers in the Midwest to learn about their experiences with human trafficking and exploitation. These perspectives shed light on how trafficking may emerge and how frontline workers interact with victims of exploitation and trafficking. Housing instability and homelessness were found to be major determinants of human trafficking in a more in-depth study of trafficking red flags and risk factors conducted by Schwarz et al. (2018) in the Midwest. This article sheds important light on the role of residency as an independent variable.
Stanford, K., Cappetta, A., Ahn, R., & Macias-Konstantopoulos, W. (2018). Sex and labor trafficking in Paraguay: Risk factors, needs assessment, and the role of the health care system. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(9–10), 4806–4831. Web.
Semi-structured interviews were used by Stanford et al. (2018) to look at trafficking risks, health effects, interventions in healthcare, and anti-trafficking initiatives. They found that variables including low income, discrimination against indigenous people, gender inequality, the use of minors as domestic servants, and political reluctance to pass protective legislation all increased the risk. Many of the results are relevant on a global scale and might help direct future anti-trafficking efforts. The various risk factors for human trafficking are discussed, making this article particularly relevant.
Comparison
Human trafficking’s effects on the economy, the law, and public health make up the bulk of the literature on its dependent variable. Contrarily, papers that address the independent variable of residency tend to concentrate on issues of homelessness, urban living, and housing instability as they relate to human trafficking. Although the papers cover a wide range of topics, they all have an emphasis on human trafficking and an awareness of demographic factors such as poverty, immigrant status, and inequality. In most of the pieces, the authors point to the same underlying reasons and risk factors, such as financial hardship and inadequate regulation. However, unlike articles on the independent variable, those regarding the dependent variable do not consider the location of the possible victims. All the studies provide a workable and well-researched solution to the problem, with one study devoting its entirety to developing a practical tool for addressing the issue.