Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. It is a common infection that affects both men and women but is most commonly found in women. According to Muzny and Van Gerwen (2022), the incubation period is between 4 and 28 days, but for some patients, it can last for several weeks.
In a woman, one presents with vaginal discharge that may be thin and clear or thick and yellow-green and may have a strong, foul-smelling odor, vaginal itching, and irritation, pain, or discomfort during sexual intercourse. Conversely, male symptoms of trichomoniasis are rare, but when present, they show irritation or itching inside the penis, discomfort, or mild burning after ejaculation or urination.
During a physical examination for trichomoniasis, a healthcare provider will typically inspect the genitals and collect a sample for laboratory testing. The provider will examine the vulva, vagina, cervix, and urethra for any signs of redness, inflammation, or discharge.
Muzny and Van Gerwen (2022) postulate that a sample of Trichomonas vaginalis can be examined microscopically or through procedures such as PCR, culture, and nucleic acid probes. Nevertheless, in men, the doctor will check for any signs of urethral discharge or pain during urination. The diagnosis of trichomoniasis is usually made based on the results of laboratory tests and the presence of symptoms.
Trichomoniasis is typically treated with a prescription medication called metronidazole or tinidazole. Muzny and Van Gerwen (2022) state that these antibiotics should be taken for 5 to 7 days to promote complete eradication of the parasite. Individuals must complete the entire course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms disappear before the medication is finished.
Additionally, it is essential to note that both sexual partners should be treated simultaneously, even if one does not show symptoms. This measure is necessary because the infection can be quickly passed back and forth between partners. Moreover, the patient should avoid alcohol for 24 hours after completing the metronidazole dose, and the drug should not be administered to pregnant women.
References
Muzny, C. A., & Van Gerwen, O. T. (2022). Secnidazole for Trichomoniasis in Women and Men. Sexual Medicine Reviews, 10(2), 255-262. Web.