The concept of a refugee has always been analyzed in the psychological and social spheres of studies aimed at the realization of the inner world of those people, who are in the state of constant cultural shock living beyond the protection of their own countries. It is necessary to stress that the notion refugee means people or social groups living outside of their nationality and country for a number of reasons connected with prosecution fear of religion, race, or political opinion. Psychology investigates the difficulties and inner feelings of refugees who are to flee from their homes based on personal stresses, fears, depressions, or private troubles.
There is an acute need to understand and analyze the state of being a refugee; this process is connected with the investigation of basic causes leading to people’s leaving their lands and facing conflicts and problems in the process of new country and culture adaptation. To be a refugee means to live in one’s own world; to protect yourself living in the odd environment and facing intercultural misunderstanding. In order to be aware of the true reasons and causes of people leaving their homes, it is necessary to learn their reasons for forcing them to flee. The state of leaving homeland population, in accordance with psychological researches, always results in the gradual internal pressure of an individual; the state of living in the strange country and nationality is related to the condition of constant tense and depression.
There are a number of factors pushing people to leave their land and reject the protection of native country; it is necessary to underline the idea, that the problems of modernity connected with racial prejudices or gender inequalities in some countries are perceived as the basic causes forcing social groups to leave their homes. Besides, there is a tendency to believe, that constant political interactions on the international level resulting in wars and national instability, lead to the increase of refugee level throughout the world.
It should be stressed that some refugees are planning their fleeing from home; some of them do such steps spontaneously, predominantly under the pressure of fear. In the previous century, there were a number of examples, when politically active members of the family had to leave their native land; most causes are connected with the problems and conflicts experienced by the land in the spheres of cultural, political, and economical development. In some cases, refugees can experience the state of a stranger making them refuse to live in the homeland; so, people concentrate on the process of new countries selection being close to their inner world and cultural perception. The causes forming such feelings can be related to exaggerated fantasy or reality experience, complicated inner and outer symptoms, unconsciousness, etc.
Being a refugee is considered to be perceived as living in a state of constant search for oneself, native land, and culture; it is psychologically difficult to experience shocking challenges in the national perception caused by the change of the environment and cultural values. Modern spheres of social and psychological studies are concentrated on the determination op the sharpest reasons for refugees’ level increase throughout the world; despite individual reasons for leaving the home, there is a number of external factors pushing people to change their place of living, related to political, racial, economical, social and cultural interactions inside the state and on the international level.