Chinese guardian lions are national symbols of power and richness that protect people from evil spirits. While they represent real-life lions, they are frequently referred to as foo dogs or lion dogs. Chinese guardian lions are an essential part of rich Chinese history, but they first originated in Persia (Pang, 2021). People usually represent foo dogs in pairs – one male and one female lion. They reflect various cultural and religious beliefs, ranging from the demonstration of power to the representation of life itself. Foo dogs have been central to Chinese history since the sixth century CE and remain to be some of the most well-known spiritual animals globally.
Chinese guardian lions have a unique and stylized appearance, only distantly resembling real-life lions. The male lion is generally depicted with an embroidered ball – a symbol of friendship. On the other hand, the female lion is accompanied by a cub that represents the circle of life and the importance of female nature in society. Ultimately, Chinese guardian lions do not only serve a symbolic purpose but are also a unique work of art.
Concerning their functions, Chinese guardian lions have both religious and decorative purposes. They became crucial symbols of the Chinese Taoist practices and Buddhism, representing the male and female essences, known as the Yang and Yin tradition (Pang, 2021). In Buddhism, they convey the spiritual custom known as dharma or, in rough translation, the ‘aim of life’ (Pang, 2021). Placed near the entrance to palaces and significant institutions, they protect people from evil spirits. Nevertheless, they also serve decorative purposes and are vastly recognized as Chinese cultural heritage. Artists devote entire galleries and events to appreciating the beauty of the lions and highlighting their cultural significance. Ultimately, Chinese guardian lions are central to Chinese history and play a vital part in the Buddhism traditions.
Reference
Pang, K. (2021). China’s stone lions – the lowdown and many photos. China Highlights.