Introduction
René Descartes and Plato are some of the most famous philosophers in history, but their views on philosophical questions differ. While Descartes’s beliefs are closer to me and resonate more with my thoughts, Plato’s philosophy does not coincide with my personal views. Philosophers have different opinions on metaphysics, existentialism, the theory of calcium and reason, epistemology, and world perception, and I take a more rational approach to these questions.
Metaphysics
Descartes
Starting with metaphysics, this science studies the relationship between the universe and reality. Descartes approaches this topic from a rational point of view, which is in close agreement with my opinion. The philosopher emphasizes that there is a non-physical mind or soul, concluding that the body and mind can interact but are different elements (Trivedi, 2022). These beliefs fit my conception of the separation of the mind from the physical in man.
Plato
Plato, on the other hand, argued that the material world is a reflection of the ideal kingdom. According to these beliefs, there are many flaws in the physical world, and the actual reality lies in the realm of Forms (Hassan et al., 2018). These views do not accord with my lack of spiritual faith, as I prefer to use empirical data.
Epistemology
Descartes
The following science is epistemology, where Descartes’ thoughts correspond to mine. The philosopher was a skeptic and questioned every piece of information he received (Tweyman, 2022). Descartes was convinced that the thinking “I” was the only source of knowledge, of which there should be no doubt. With the help of reason and introspection, he sought specific knowledge, and I followed this path.
Plato
Plato advocated the theory of forms, according to which cognition comes not from human experience but from the recognition of eternal Forms (Hassan et al., 2018). This framework in epistemology is based on abstract representations, so it is inconsistent with my commitment to rational, empirical data.
Existentialism
Descartes
Another theory is existentialism, the purpose of which is to study the fate and death of man. Descartes’ philosophy emphasized that everyone is autonomous and capable of personal freedom (Trivedi, 2022). The philosopher was convinced that free will and reason were the most important for a person to form destiny. Everyone has the right to freedom of choice and to choose their own path in life.
Plato
As for Plato’s views, he was convinced that the highest good could be achieved only because of the rule of a few enlightened from birth (Hassan et al., 2018). I recognize the value of ethical principles in life, but the more important topic is human self-realization, not the pursuit of shared ideals.
Personal Opinion
Epistemology and Metaphysics
In terms of perception and knowledge, I’m also more of a Descartes philosopher. The philosopher recognized that human feelings could be wrong, so everyone should rely on the clarity of ideas and reason (Trivedi, 2022). This approach is skeptical, but this attitude to sensual understanding is consistent with my belief that critical thinking is essential in life.
Conversely, Plato recognized the difference between the visible world, which he thought was illusory, and the realm of knowledge (Frances, 2020). My opinion on this point is at variance with that of the philosopher, as I do not believe life should focus on transcendental forms and seek meaning beyond the rational world. At the same time, man needs to search for the truth of life beyond the superficial manifestations, but more precise data must be used for this purpose.
Theory of Mind and Consciousness
Moving on to understanding the nature of individuality and personality, Descartes’ philosophy is again more in line with my beliefs. The philosopher asserted that he was a conscious being who could think for himself (Trivedi, 2022). Thus, he emphasized that man’s mind prevails over the body and can fully control his actions. Personality constantly involves complex interactions of emotions, consciousness, and thoughts. Nevertheless, a reasonable person can always ponder questions of interest and find the most rational way out of situations through thinking.
Conversely, Plato divides people into different classes by analyzing their inherent qualities, which is not my point of view. The philosopher’s approach is more hierarchical and essentialist, indicating his commitment that man cannot change his destiny. Each individual has unique qualities and can transform their way of thinking and living according to their wishes and circumstances.
Ethics
The final issue to consider in this essay is the beliefs of philosophers and myself regarding ethics. In this context, Descartes’s philosophy does not set many ethical limits and does not offer extensive ideas, so it is difficult for me to understand whether I agree with his moral views. In life, I prefer hard work and the achievement of goals, as well as the personal responsibility of each person for their implementation. I believe that man should strive for perfection and constantly cultivate his moral character, strengthening his spirit.
On the other hand, Plato was able to develop an ethical theory that is particularly well traced in his research on justice in an ideal city-state. Theal virtues are important, but Plato’s approach to ethics is too hierarchical for me. I think every man has a multiplicity of values and aspirations, so they can begin to develop their skills at any moment.
Conclusion
In conclusion, René Descartes and Plato were great philosophers who left their mark on history. However, Descartes’s methods and arguments are more suitable for describing my beliefs. The philosopher emphasized rationalism and sincerely believed in its superiority in questions of philosophy. He was also a skeptic and acknowledged that the mind comes first because it is the only way to make informed decisions. These factors resonate with my views on many philosophical issues, including metaphysics, existentialism, perception of mind theory, ethics, and epistemology.
Plato may have been able to offer valuable ideas to humanity, but his emphasis on transcendental concepts alienates me and diverges from my point of view. I understand that human existence is autonomous and that we have the freedom to make decisions about our lives. This analysis did not give me a more accurate idea of how I relate to philosophical questions and which opinion is closer to me. I understand that I am more rational and skeptical, but this allows me to work and find precise solutions.
References
Frances, B. (2020). Philosophical proofs against common sense. Analysis. Web.
Hassan, N. R., Mingers, J., & Stahl, B. (2018). Philosophy and information systems: where are we and where should we go? European Journal of Information Systems: An Official Journal of the Operational Research Society, 27(3), 263–277. Web.
Trivedi, S. D. (2022). René Descartes: The father of modern philosophy. SSRN Electronic Journal. Web.
Tweyman, S. (2022). Descartes’ meditations: New approaches – introduction. The European Legacy, toward New Paradigms, 27(3–4), 219–226. Web.