Income and Social Status
- Social status
- Financial resources
- Level of education
Social Support Network
- Assistance from communities, friends, and families.
- Emotional reassurance.
- Informal social support network.
- Overwhelming parenting and contemporary living that negatively influence their kids.
- Poor quality housing and homelessness also negatively affect children’s health.
Education and Literacy
- Increase of health status.
- Affects social position and health.
- Offers a sense of control and understanding.
- Average earnings are proportionate to the level of education.
Employment/Working Conditions
- Unsafe working conditions cause psychological and physiological issues.
- Controlled work situations promote healthier living.
- Employment contributes to a sense of identity.
Personal Health Practices and Coping Skills
- Every community should have access to social support.
- Population health and wellbeing is influenced by values and societal norms.
- Physical environmental factors contribute to health.
- Ecological pollutants may lead to Respiratory diseases.
- Water pollutants may lead to diseases like Cholera and Typhoid.
- Family members’ behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge impact the wellbeing and health of children.
- Susceptible homes lack equitable access to health information (Van Cleave et al., 2022).
Health Services
- Plays a crucial role in child healthy development.
- Reduces risky health behavior.
- Prevent the onset of chronic diseases in adulthood.
- The biological structure of the body and genetics is critical in defining the individual’s health.
- Genetic inheritance health since some diseases are genetically-acquired.
- Crucial part of child development and wellbeing.
- Lack of access negatively affects child’s health and development.
- Bad healthcare leads to high mortality rates and number of infections.
Gender
- Gender refers to males, females, and bisexuals.
- Masculine and feminine will determine their exposure to diseases.
- Females are more exposed to sexually transmitted diseases.
- Males are more exposed to heart diseases.
Culture
- The traditions of the surroundings impact the view on health.
- The belief about the causes of diseases will either promote or demote health.
- Health Determinants of Children as Target Population.
- Education
- Finance
- Unemployment
- Health services
- Physical and social environment.
Financial and Social Status
Children in low-income households are prone to experiencing adverse health outcomes, and respiratory illnesses.
Unemployment and Working Conditions
- Increases prevalence of poor nutrition for children, infections, and chronic illnesses.
- Unemployed families have low income and less access to health resources.
Physical and Social Environments
- Influence children’s development and health.
- Impacts health gradient.
- Exposure to childhood obesity in poor social and physical environments.
- Exposure to living conditions affects the health of children lowering their lifespan.
References
Determinants of health. (n.d.). Healthy People 2020. Web.
Singh, G. K., Daus, G. P., Allender, M., Ramey, C. T., Martin, E. K., Perry, C., & Vedamuthu, I. P. (2017). Social determinants of health in the United States: Addressing major health inequality trends for the nation, 1935-2016. International Journal of MCH and AIDS, 6(2), 139.
Social determinants of health. (2019). World Health Organization. Web.
Sokol, R., Austin, A., Chandler, C., Byrum, E., Bousquette, J., Lancaster, C., & Shanahan, M. (2019). Screening children for social determinants of health: A systematic review. Pediatrics, 144(4).
Van Cleave, J., Taft, K., Ware, A., & Stille, C. (2022). Assessing and addressing social determinants of health among children and youth with special health care needs. Academic Pediatrics, 22(2), S28-S33.