Homonyms and Evolution of Meaning
Human languages are complex structures with many seemingly controversial elements. It is not rare for two or more words with the same spelling and pronunciation to have different meanings (Algeo & Pyles, 2010). In most cases, such words are known as homonyms, the use of which is determined by the context. There are numerous reasons for the shift in meaning, but they should be considered when communicating with language speakers.
Korean Homonyms
맞다 is an example of a Korean word, the meaning of which changes depending on the context. It is mainly understood as the Korean equivalent of “to be right” or “to be correct.” However, when the conversation does not presuppose a friendly place, its meaning can change to “to be hit” or “to be beaten.” Similarly, 묻다 means “to ask”; however, the same word can mean “to bite” when the speaker uses it without intending to ask for something.
Chinese Word Evolution
含金量 is a Chinese example of a word whose meaning has changed over time. Initially, it meant actual gold, which could be a gold bar itself or a product made of gold. However, today, it is more frequently used to describe the value of something, which does not necessarily need to be physical. The word 提醒 is a more subtle variation since it can mean either “to warn” or “to remind,” depending on the connotation of a situation.
English Examples
English is a language in which the abundance of meanings in the same words is common. One of the most often used words is “good,” which means high quality and noble intentions. Another adjective with vastly different meanings is “high,” which can simultaneously refer to one’s physical characteristics and social status. An example of an English word that has changed with time is “gay” – in the past, it meant “attractive” and “happy.” Today, it is used to describe people with an attraction to the same sex.
Reference
Algeo, J. & Pyles, T. (2010). Chapter 10: Words and meanings. In The origins and development of the English language (pp. 206-223). Wadsworth Cengage Learning.