The study in question dwells upon the way males’ stereotypes are manifested in such domains as professional life (football) and family life (Steinfeldt, Wong, Hagan, Hoag & Steinfeldt, 2011). The dependent variables were such domains as success, power, and competition; restrictive affective behavior between men, restrictive emotionality, conflict between work and family relations. The independent variable was the life domain (the juxtaposition of football and home environment).
The samples were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental conditions. Under one condition, the participants were instructed to fill in the forms concerning their football environment. The other group had to contemplate on their home environment. The samples had about 15 minutes to fill in the forms. The researchers guaranteed anonymity. The participants could fill some other documents and provide blank forms if they did not want to participate. The researchers compared the participants’ attitudes towards gender roles in their professional (football) and home environments.
The researchers used a mixed research method. As for the quantitative analysis, the participants completed surveys aimed at assessing the variables mentioned above. Their life satisfaction and gender conflict issues were also estimated. The qualitative method involved the analysis of open-end questions concerning the variables mentioned above. This study can be regarded as quasi-experimental as no random sampling is employed.
The scientific merit of this study is rather high. The researchers use sound methodology, and the study contributes to the theoretical knowledge, which are major indicators of the scientific merit (Baldwin & Berkeljon, 2010). The researchers use a mixed research design that enhances the study’s validity. Notably, the lack of randomized sample collection does not decrease the merit of the study. The findings contribute to the existing knowledge concerning prevailing stereotypes in masculine sports and professions.
The research in question dwells upon gender differences in several domains of Filipino students’ well-being. Perez (2012) uses a nonexperimental design that is characterized by no creation of particular conditions to check particular variables. The researcher utilizes the cross-sectional design to elicit students’ opinions. The researcher does not create specific conditions but observes existing trends, which is a characteristic feature of the nonexperimental design (DeForge, 2010). The data can be generalized to quite wide populations.
The variables in the research are as follows: daily spiritual experience, positive/negative affect, father/mother/peer/teacher relations, autonomy, personal growth, positive relations, purpose in life and self-acceptance (Perez, 2012). The researcher used the quantitative research method. The participants completed surveys that were encoded and analyzed with the help of t-test.
This study has a high scientific merit as it provides insights into a specific issue, is based on a sound methodology and contributes to theory. The study can help identify the nature of stereotypes, whether they are quite natural and objective or are imposed on people by the society. The researcher uses the analysis of survey that is frequently employed. The researcher also uses some research methods (particular scales) that prove to be effective in the given setting.
This contributes to the scope of existing knowledge. The value of the method is evident as the researcher managed to answer his research questions. The findings also support the existing theoretical frameworks concerning gender stereotypes. The researcher concludes that there are some differences in the way female and male adolescents see themselves, which explains the prevalence of gender stereotypes in the society.
Reference List
Baldwin, S., & Berkeljon, A. (2010). Quasi-experimental design. In N.J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 1171-1175). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
DeForge, B.R. (2010). Nonexperimental designs. In N.J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design (pp. 1252-1258). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Perez, J.A. (2012). Gender difference in psychological well-being among Filipino college student samples. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(13), 84-93. Web.
Steinfeldt, J.A., Wong, Y.J., Hagan, A.R., Hoag, J.M., & Steinfeldt, M.C. (2011). A contextual examination of gender role conflict among college football players. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 12(4), 311-323. Web.