Ensuring health of the nation
- required component activities to ensure universal access to prevention and treatment of HIV
- significant reduction in HIV-related morbidity and mortality
- maximizing the ability of people with HIV to access treatment
- preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (Bulled, 2016)
- support the concept of “universal access” to knowledge about HIV status
- providing antiretroviral treatment free of charge
Protecting rights of newborns
- providing early treatment for a child
- providing a child with the information about his possible HIV-status
- early awareness of HIV positive status
- linking tested people with HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services
- reducing the number of new HIV infections (Bulled, 2016)
- providing further consulting a child within the process of his/her growing
Possible scaling up voluntary testing
- more willingness of women to pass voluntary HIV testing
- more attention to the needs of adolescents in the provision of testing, counseling and follow-up services
- more attention of pregnant women to own health
- more attention of a woman to own health prior to pregnancy
- more willingness of women to pass voluntary test for other infections
- more responsible behavior of women in relation to planning pregnancy
Widening of access to HIV test and consulting
- free HIV test for women with low income
- free HIV test for homeless women
- health services must be accessible and acceptable to key populations
- ensuring referrals to other linked services
- popularization of the necessity of HIV testing
- covering of all communities with HIV testing
- providing HIV testing in remote areas
Popularization of biomedical HIV prevention trials
- widening possibilities of participants enrollment into HIV prevention preparation trials
- more opportunities for trials in HIV treatment and prevention preparations
- attracting public attention to HIV problem
- contribution of development of strategies for HIV prevention
- ensuring sociology data on the number of HIV-infected in the country
- contributing development of national health care and prevention issues
More opportunities for social research on the problem of women health and welfare
- possibility to reveal links between social status of a woman and her health
- possibility to reveal links between social behavior of woman and her health
- possibility to reveal links between health practices of women and HIV status
- contributing to social work with women from vulnerable groups
- contributing to social work with children from families with HIV-infected parents
- contributing to scientific work in the considered area
Access to voluntary HIV testing and counseling
- services for key populations at higher risk and vulnerable population
- awareness of women on their reproductive health
- creation of favorable social conditions for women
- taking into account needs of vulnerable groups
- contribution to total access to health care services
- prophylaxis of HIV dissemination depending on the population groups
Wide range of models and approaches to HIV prevention
- broad field of data and cases for research
- more data on HIV transfer and prevention
- more opportunities for clinical trials
- more opportunities for health care policies development
- more opportunities for panning in public health care
- inclusion of society into policies development and assessment
The risk of implementing practice of compulsory sterilization
- unnecessary risk to woman’ health during abortion
- devaluation of human life, due to making abortion ‘everyday’ norm
- some similarity to Nazi regime practices (Watkins-Hayes, 2019)
- propaganda of eugenics philosophy
- violation of alienable human rights of women
- possible practice of intimidation and corruption
Violation of a woman’ right for confidentiality of personal data
- violation of medical and health privacy
- devaluation of human dignity and right for privacy
- opening of the ‘field’ for applying blackmail to a woman
- risks of appearing practice of other medical data disclosure
- widening of practice of unauthorised access to health data
- absence of woman’ right to protect personal medical data
Stigmatization of HIV-infected women and her child (Hoppe, 2017)
- risk of improper treatment and harassment in case of HIV revealing
- wide distribution of stigmatization practice
- risk of emerging social stereotypes about children born by infected mother
- risk of further child’ stigmatization
- deterioration of the atmosphere in society
- contributing to social conflicts and marginalization
Violation of deontology principles
- blurring of deontology boundaries and frames
- modifying the concept of biomedical ethics
- changes in health care education foundation
- occurrence of turbulence in biomedical ethics environment
- risk of devaluation of patients’ dignity
- risk of disrespecting to health care ethics
Prevention of HIV infection spread
- tested women are expected to manifest more responsible sexual behavior (Ofori, 2018)
- HIV-positive women will receive treatment and virus will be suppressed in their bodies
- possibilities of virus dissemination will be reduced
- positive results for public health in the country
- decreasing of other infections spread
- appearing of best practices to be used over the world
Making changes to corporate behavior codes in health care facilities
- contradictions of established principles and new practices
- impossibility to change codes of behavior in all health care facilities simultaneously
- risk of entropy in health care system due to changes
- risk of ambiguousness of the codes
- lack of professionals to draw up new codes
- risk of resisting to change during implementation of new codes
Need for competent approach
- taking into account all pros and cons
- forecasting for the future consequences
- mechanisms for implementation
- addressing challenges
- working out directions for further development
- taking into account interests of stakeholders
References
Bulled, N. (2016). Prescribing HIV prevention: Bringing culture into global health communication. Routledge.
Hoppe, T. (2017). Punishing disease: HIV and the criminalization of sickness. University of California Press.
Ofori, K. (2018). HIV testing and counselling: Among youth of Fanteakwa district of Ghana. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing.
Watkins-Hayes, C. (2019). Remaking a life: How women living with HIV/AIDS confront inequality. University of California Press.