The period between the beginning of the 19th century and the American Civil War brought significant changes to the United States. Firstly, the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 created massive new tracts of land for Americans to move west and settle new territory. This opportunity was seized upon by many, as it was a way to acquire property and make a living for oneself cheaply. While many Americans moved west, in the more established territories of the United States, technological innovations led to economic changes. Most notably, the industrial revolution and the creation of mill towns in the United States generated structural reforms, as women were permitted to work at times. This led to wage labor, where workers would have certain hours in factories. Many individuals labored in industrialists’ factories by the 1830s instead of previous manufacturing work occupations, where artisans would own their tools and goods. Overall, these changes led to the market revolution in the United States, which affected everything from transportation to communication.
As a result, the everyday lives of many citizens were significantly altered. Travel and movement became more accessible, while communication between American regions was simplified. Business and enterprise started to be one of the main paths to wealth and success, leading to economic inequality. However, in some areas, particularly the more industrial north, economic conditions improved for many as demand for workers increased, leading to better wages. The drastic move from subsistence farming to commercial agriculture was also a significant shift for the United States’ rural inhabitants. Ultimately, the market revolution forced nearly all strata of the population to adopt a more commercial mindset regarding their work and daily activities.