Introduction
The research on human body in view of the physical processes is as old as notions regarding the contemporary medicine. Naturally, the human body is a complex and an astonishing illustration of how physics applies itself in the daily living. In fact, the human skeletal muscles and joints are compounded systems of pedals that permit the movement of the body. Without the joints and muscles, human would be merely formless fat undulating on the ground (Ingebretsen, 2002). In order to critically understand the relationships between the physics concepts including Moments, Energy, Pressure and Newton’s law of motion and the human body system, this study explores the fundamental muscle functioning, Levers (Joints), Newton’s Law of motion, and Torque (Moments).
Background Information
Torque
According to Bartel, this is the quantification of the amount of force that acts on object and causing it to rotate. Usually, it is a vector measure. For instance, it is the vectors traverse result amid the lanky force exerted and disarticulation vector to the radii. Inherently, all through computations, the torque bearing appears to be of paramount importance. Besides, the right-hand regulation materializes to be relevant when estimating the torque course (McCall, 2013). The regulation stipulates that when the finger is placed in ‘r’ bearing and twisted in the ‘F’ bearing, it would allow the thumb tip to assume the torque-vector course.
Newton’s Law of motion
Bartel claims that this is the most fundamental physics concept regarding movement. The initial rule is similarly called the inertia rule. This concept states that any resting object has the tendency of remaining in that state of rest. Anything that is moving has the tendency to retain the motion with similar pace. Additionally, the moving object continues to move in the same direction unless an external force acts upon it. Simply put, an object will continue in its state unless an unbalancing force acts upon it. Inertia is hence the propensity of anything to oppose alteration in its movement pattern. When rotating a movement, an item gyrates around the firm axes (Bartel, 2013). Thus, it remains static in space. Translational movement hence does not entail any kinetic energy.
Sir Newton Isaac ensured the endorsement of the rule during an era in which new hypotheses appeared to be accepted (Campbell, 2005). The most common hypothesis that was being fed to learners was that things are likely to come to a standstill than keep moving. Galileo first presented the aspect of inertia being a propensity of motion. Newton’s idea was a development of Galileo’s theory. Newton argued that when an object was put to motion, such as a ball on the ground across a field, lack of energy does not stop it. In fact, it stops due to friction (Bartel, 2013).
The second law stipulates that the pace of change of thrust in an object is comparative to the force exerted on it. That is, the change of thrust is in the opposite way (Campbell, 2005). Newton’s third law stipulates that for each action, there is an equivalent and conflicting response.
Energy
From research studies, it has been stated previously that energy is the ability to do work. It is the force-displacement product. This assertion is derived from the fact that job becomes accomplished any time strength is causing dislocation. From this, it is expected that application of extra force result in extra work. Irrespective of the direction of the displacement, work is done as long energy is used to do work. Work in this regard makes change in energy. According to Serway (2004), it shifts energy from an arrangement to another. Levers are type of machine that assists in doing work. Levers transfer energy. They are composed of three parts namely the Load, Fulcrum and Effort.
Analysis: The role of various concepts
Newton’s Laws of motion
When we combine Newton’s second and the third laws, one can have a clear picture of why the human body moves in the way it does. Muscle narrowing produces a force on the bones joined to it. Muscles function in any type of motion. This translates to the fact that muscles are a system for movement in which bones are put to motion as well as the controllers of the motion. Newton’s third law is evident in human movement relative to earth. When one jumps or walks, the force exerted on the earth surface is met with equal and reverse force by the surface. However, such movements do not alter the position of the earth.
Torque
Basically, the illustrations on the positions wherever torques take place appear to be within every person’s body-joint. The most popular and probably the simplest to comprehend is the human arm. By taking the prod joint as the pivot, in that case the torque would be in either low or top appendage. This example focuses on the lower part. The radii could incorporate the space between the axes and the last part of the armrest (McCall, 2013). When a force is exerted that would make the perspective of the elbow to enlarge, for instance, by the weight of a heavy object of the hand, a torque would be generated on the system. The force being applied on the hand would result in the rotation of the object around the rigid axis.
On the other hand, when a force is exerted to the upper arm such as on the biceps, the bicep tightens. The angle of the elbow will reduce. Consequently, another torque will be generated on the system (Bartel, 2013). The whole system’s torque can be calculated by summing up two-torques for example the forces of the object.
Muscle Energy Makeup
An individual’s soul is composed of different kinds of ligaments namely the flat, cardiac, as well as skeleton sinews. The concept of movement in humans only incorporates the skeleton muscle. The muscle contains many strands that are essentially muscles themselves. The cells are extensive and tube-like. They can contract upon stimulation by signals. Every muscle is composed of bunches with lesser strands encompassed in them. The skeleton ligaments appear appended to the human frame through bonding tissues referred to as the sinews (Campbell and Reece, 2005). The contraction of the muscles makes the tendons to move.
The tiniest muscle strand is myofibrils. Bunches of myofibrils make up the muscle. The myofibrils are closely crammed together in parallel. Inside the myofibrils, there are myosins together with the actins proteins (Campbell and Reece, 2005). The relaxations of the muscle strands do not make the myosin and the actin to overlap. On the contrary, the stimulation of the muscle narrows the muscle through pulling of the myosin and actin next to one another. Since the action takes place in each myofibril, the whole muscle condenses, permitting it to move the bones attached. These movements consume energy, as the body requires energy to perform the tasks.
The skeleton ligaments and human frame are more than a system that allows body motion (Campbell and Reece, 2005). They must have the capacity to carry weight even when motionless. When one contemplates of the body as a mechanical formation, then it is possible to decipher the way the body bears its own heaviness. Similarly, the body utilizes energy when the heart is pumping and the digestive system is functioning. Forces that cause displacement in the body happen everywhere within the human body.
Athlete’s Body
An athlete uses Newton’s law of motion to run. Muscles in the body through contraction enable the pull on bones making movement through relaxation. An athlete must have the muscles functioning properly to allow the myofibril to force the myosin and actin to overlap upon contraction. The faster the rate of contraction and relaxation of the muscle, the faster an athlete would move if all other factors remained constant.
Torque allows the Newton’s laws to be applicable in an athletes’ body. Torque is critical if joints were to function properly. Force must be exerted on the joints especially the ankle and knee joints so that the angle increases and decreases in an alternating way. When the athlete exerts his or her own weight on the legs with the knees as the fulcrum, the foot must respond with an equal but opposite direction to propel the athlete forward. An athlete uses the ankle joint as the second-class lever. These movements consume energy. The body generates this energy by ensuring there are movements of vital substances in the body that are displaced through the blood.
Conclusion
From research studies, it is obvious that the body of humans has many physics constituents that cannot be covered in this study only. There is a close connection between physics and the functioning of the human body. Newton’s Law of Motion allows athletes to run, jump, and walk. Torque facilitates the movement of the knee and ankle joints that make it possible for humans to walk and run. The movements further depend on energy that is generated by the body. However, the displacements of substances under the human skin such as the blood stream and conversion of energy is a vital combination of mechanisms that have physics elements that facilitate full function of the human body.
Works Cited
Bartel, Linea 2013. The Physics of Body of Mechanics. Web.
Campbell, Neil and J. Reece. Biology. San Francisco, US: Pearson, 2005. Print.
Ingebretsen, Richard. The Physics of the Human Body. OH, US: Sage Publishers, 2002. Print.
McCall, Richard. Physics of the Human Body. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013. Print.
Serway, Raymond and J. Jewett. Physics for Scientists and Engineers. Belmont, UK: Thompson Press, 2004. Print.