Introduction
When a floating dark spot appears in the eye, the cause is usually vitreous destruction. Such a condition requires urgent consultation with a specialist. Dark spots, flies, or threads in front of the eyes may indicate clouding of the vitreous body, possible pathology of the nervous or cardiovascular system, inflammatory processes, and other conditions. Some people develop dark spots in the eye due to prolonged exposure to harsh weather conditions. For example, these include extremely low or high air temperatures (Ratra et al. 2019). The risk group also consists of those who are constantly experiencing excessive physical and mental stress. Provocative factors also include bad habits, such as smoking and overeating.
Discussion
Blind spots in the field of vision can be detected only during a comprehensive diagnosis of the visual system. It is important to note that getting rid of a scotoma on your own is impossible. Scotoma diagnostics includes ultrasound eye examination, fundus oculi examination by ophthalmoscopy, intraocular pressure measurement, and evaluation of the eye’s internal structures. In addition to ophthalmologic diagnostics, the patient may undergo computerized tomography of the brain (Ratra et al. 2019). In order to choose an effective method of treatment, it is essential to determine the cause of their appearance accurately.
Conclusion
Therefore, if a retinal detachment causes blind spots, it is necessary to perform surgical intervention immediately. However, if the cause is clouding of the vitreous body, the scotomas can be treated using iontophoresis to resolve the clouding. In cases where scotomas have become a sign of retinal, ocular nerve, or brain abnormalities, physicians may use the following treatment tactics: vascular techniques, infectious inflammatory diseases, and therapy for autoimmune diseases (Ratra et al. 2019). Stimulation of the area that has undergone degenerative changes may also be used. Magnetic stimulation of the brain and eye nerve is used for this purpose.
Reference
Ratra, D., Gopalakrishnan, S., Dalan, D., Ratra, V., Damkondwar, D., & Laxmi, G. (2019). Visual rehabilitation using microperimetric acoustic biofeedback training in individuals with central scotoma. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 102(2), 172-179.