Historical Context
Both Anselm and Aquinas were significant religious leaders during the times when the church was a powerful institution. There are mentions of Anselm being acquaintances with the Pope and having conflicts with King Henry I, illustrating his importance in the medieval hierarchy (Himma). Moreover, Thomas Aquinas was described as being sought by kings, countesses, and other influential individuals at the time (Brown). Since the medieval period is illustrated as a time period when the catholic church was a major social, political, and economic force, Anselm and Aquinas were prominent figures.
Contrasting Overviews
Anselm’s authoritative approach contrasts with Aquinas’ less confident yet, nevertheless, religious overview. The main difference is the perception of God. Aquinas suggested people know God based on scriptures and their personal experiences, while Anselm’s ideas highlighted that people have an intrinsic understanding of his power. Moreover, Anselm tried to explain divinity through an almost scientific perspective, while Aquinas viewed such a concept as impossible. St. Augustine was a significant influence on Anselm, which is illustrated in the way both church leaders refer to their teachings as “Christian philosophy” (Himma). Moreover another crucial influence was the Platonian notion of participation which signifies people’s complete dependence on the creator and the current reality being temporary before eternity. On the other hand, Aquinas was influenced by Aristotle’s teachings, specifically when it comes to science (Brown). The common idea was that a notion is scientifically valid only if the science is correct.
Metaphysics: Religion and Science
The metaphysical question in regards to the ontology that appears to be more convincing in today’s societal and historical context is that science is trying to look for answers while religious interpretations are never questioned. Due to the fact that the religious overview involves an answer to every question since God is omnipotent, the need to ask questions and try to find the truth disappears. On the other hand, the scientific approach involves curiosity and discovery, which contrasts with the spiritual one, which only requires belief.
Works Cited
Brown, Christopher M. “Thomas Aquinas (1224/6—1274).” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Himma, Kenneth Einar. “Anselm: Ontological Argument for God’s Existence.” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.