The community needs industrial activity to provide various consumer resources. However, it can violate environmental standards, which leads to discontent among people who live near factories. O’Rourke suggests the processes and authorities in Vietnam that control the permissible environmental pollution level do not work adequately enough and require more detailed analysis and regulation (223). Administrative employees do not have enough motivation, competence, and knowledge to resolve the issue. It is seen in low salaries, corruption rampant, lack of education, and a desire to achieve balance.
People living in industrial areas are wretched with the air pollution level from nearby factories. They form communities and do their best to close industrial plants or force them to reduce the emission of harmful substances. To achieve the goal, people write numerous complaints to government agencies of varying authority degrees. However, they do not consistently reach their targets because of the disorganized management system. The most active and persistent communities achieve the goals, but it may be a temporary result. By the influence of nature protection authorities, manufactories stop heavy emissions for a time of inspection and then return to their previous conditions.
State organizations are divided into several government levels and correspond to the system of powers separation. Federal and local governments have their own conservation committees, whereby their duties and responsibilities overlap. Such a policy leaves residents perplexed since they do not understand who to address to satisfy the protests. People, trying to exert maximum influence, write as many complaints as possible and appeal to the media for more global coverage. Residents have genuine power in ensuring a safe life since their actions lead to a state’s response.
Work Cited
O’Rourke, D. “Motivating a Conflicted Environmental State: Community-Driven Regulation in Vietnam.” Research in Social Problems and Public Policy, vol. 10, 2002, pp. 221–44.