First Video
The first child that we can see in the video is reading from a book, together with an adult. She exhibits some of the common phonological processes when attempting to say the worlds out loud, notably including cluster reduction and reduplication. The former can be observed in most words, such as blue and fish, which are pronounced as “bue” and “sh” respectively. The latter, on the other hand is displayed through words like “lellow” instead of yellow, where the sound “L” becomes duplicated. Both of these processes appear to be normal for a child her age, not warranting further investigation.
Second Video
The boy in the second story attempts to tell a story of Jack and beanstalk, with some help from (likely) his mother. Cluster reduction and deletion are both clearly on display, as the child almost fully jumps over certain words. Instead of market, for example, the child says “maket”. On the contrary, however, his skill at pronouncing other words is notable, as the boy pronounces them clearly without phonetical distortions. Demonstrations of that would be words like “food” and “money”. I do not think this kid needs a professional evaluation, he is doing well for his age as is.
Third Video
The child in the last video tells viewers a story. His speech exhibits deletion and gliding, with some words being cut off, and read becoming “weed” instead. Sadly, most of the kid’s words are really difficult for me to pick up, but I think I have heard enough to understand that he is lacking sufficient development for his age. According to most childhood development resources, children at the age of 4-5 should be able to speak clearly without much deletion of gliding (Caruso, 2021). Both age and ability come into consideration with this decision. It may be necessary to provide the child with additional support in his phonetic development and speech, preferably by talking to him more (“Activities to encourage speech and language development,” n.d.). However, one should not forget each child is unique, and growth milestones do not apply universally to everyone.
References
Activities to encourage speech and language development. (n.d.). American Speech-Language-Hearing Association | ASHA. Web.
Caruso, C. (2021). Speech sounds by age: What sounds should my child be able to pronounce? Sunny Days, Inc. Web.