2557 samples of this type
President George W.Bush enacted the No Child Left behind (NCLB) aimed at students who came from a poor backgrounds receiving a quality education. Its primary purpose was to provide funding to schools, and in return, schools would focus on the student’s progress. The law stated that there would be an...
Introduction Discipline and Punish is a narration of the current disciplinary system. Foucault’s analysis and examination of power on punishment use a social context. Initially, Foucault stated how corporal punishment and public execution were the main forms of penalty (1975/1977). Torture was used to extract information from culprits as a...
Numerous celebrities were accused of crimes they have never committed and some of them are still expecting a verdict. One such case is about Julius Jones, a former American football player. Being held in solitary confinement for almost 20 years, he was proven to be innocent just a moment before...
Case Name Ontario Public Service Employees Union v. Art Gallery of Ontario, 2011 CanLII 25215 (ON LRB) Date of Decision May 05, 2011. Adjudicator(s) Patrick Kelly, Vice-Chair, and Board Members P. LeMay and S. McManus. Facts Issues Decision The Board of the Court, with the head in Patrick Kelly, consistently...
To me, Broken Windows ultimately claims that everyone in the community plays a vital role in the war on crime. The Theory is based on the old adage, “If a window is broken and left unrepaired, passersby will assume that no one cares and no one is in charge”(Wilson &...
Urbanization moved more than half of the global population to the cities, and homeland security measures and regulations must maintain a safe and healthy society in crowded areas. Kendall (2020) claims that “poverty, crime, racism, sexism, homelessness, inadequate public school systems, alcoholism and other drug abuse, gangs and guns, and...
Introduction Over the last several years, the imprisonment rate in the United States has been increased rapidly. Moreover, the number of people with mental illnesses grew respectively (Beach, 2016). A tremendous number of people who found themselves locked up turned out to be young black men without education (Ulmer &...
Environmental criminology is the study of crime and criminality in connection with, firstly, specific places and, secondly, with how individuals and organizations form their activities in space. Crime prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) is another practical application based on the idea that situational factors, such as the environment (poor lighting),...
Section 728(4)(b) of the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance outlines the legal limits for Hong Kong companies to conduct their businesses. The directors of any given company in Hong Kong owe a fiduciary responsibility under the position they serve. These leaders must perform their duties diligently, demonstrating the highest level of...
The concerning number of veterans in the justice system has caused many heated debates around their special treatment. It is essential to understand the underlying causes to assess the necessity to provide help with their reintegration into society. Nonetheless, not all people agree on the need to give veterans more...
Introduction The task of establishing the equality of all people in the United States is a complex initiative, which frequently relies on the so-called natural rights of men. These ideas are separate from the laws or customs of the country and, consequently, should be discussed in order to grasp their...
Automatism defense refers to a state directed by psychological and environmental factors in which an individual acted involuntarily and may have committed criminal acts. Essentially, it describes behavior in which a person is unconscious or unaware of an act taking place. Though rare, such scenarios could lead to detrimental cases,...
Firearms can be a means of attack and defense, which in both cases can lead to the death of people. At the same time, there is no definite evidence that allowing the carrying of weapons for defense reduces or increases the safety of the population and the number of attacks...
Case Summary Charlie, a barrister is called to court to represent Lucy who has been charged with murder. Lucy shot her friend Sally after discovering that she was having an affair with her boyfriend, Franklin. The crime was heinous and Lucy is known for being involved in organized crime. Charlie...
Conducting legal analysis is of high practical value, as it allows for a deeper understanding of the nature of crime and a better understanding of the science of criminology. In this assignment, the purpose of the work was to examine the proposed scenario to identify all of the criminal acts...
Proposing amendments to the U.S. Constitution is a complex and time-consuming process, but there are crucial opportunities for improving the country’s supreme law. At the moment, with its natural-born-citizen-clause, the law outlines specific criteria for candidates for the presidency. If I could propose one amendment to the supreme law, it...
Bill Information The Lower Healthcare Costs Act of 2019 is a bipartisan healthcare bill introduced by Lamar Alexander, Tennessee senior senator of the Republican Party, in June 2019. The bill seeks to resolve some of the major issues associated with healthcare out-of-pocket payments and potentially create a degree of consensus...
Several crimes can lead to the death penalty: rape, racism, and murder. Rape cases have been on the rise, and criminals have faced severe punishment such as the death penalty. The death penalty occurs when the criminal is convicted before the law and thus assigned to a life jail sentence....
The Issue BMG rights management sued Cox communication for the alleged copyright infringement to hold its contributory responsibility for restricting BMG’s copyright by Cox’s internet services. The jury declared that under section 512 (a) of the digital millennium copyright act (DMCA), 17 USS 512 (a), Cox is guilty because it...
Introduction The United States government has primarily invested in the criminal justice system to improve security in the country. However, various issues have been experienced in law enforcement, leading to multiple controversial discussions. One of the significant issues that have led to heated debates in America is the increased number...
As one of the methods of ADL (alternative dispute resolution), mediation allows people to resolve the issue without litigation, so they have more power over the process. Although mediation is often used in disputes in business, such as in the relationship between business and customer or between employee and employer,...
Supporters of the Constitution often appeal to the rights that this document bestows and protects. However, there is doubt as to whose interests the Framers are so furiously promoting. As noted by Richard Henry Lee (1788a), the clauses of the Constitution are based more on the monarchic sentiments of the...
In Canada, the Indigenous Peoples Act refers to the indigenous peoples and groups’ legal traditions, customs, and practices. Canadian indigenous law provides for certain constitutionally recognized rights to land and traditional customs. Lee Maracle’s novel Celia’s Song looks at the settler-colonial context from the standpoint of an Indigenous community. These...
The thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments of the US constitution are the most important ones that brought equality to American society. According to Kay, those three amendments abolished slavery, provided the security of the civil rights of the freed slaves, and hindered society from denying the vote on race (249)....
Bargués-Pedreny, Pol, and Jessica Schmidt. “Learning to be Postmodern in an All Too Modern World: “Whatever Action” in International Climate Change Imaginaries.” Global Society 33, no. 1 (2019): 45-65. The article by Bargués-Pedreny and Schmidt aims to identify the existing contradictions in climate regulation issues. In particular, the study is...
In the United States to protect health information is implemented the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). According to HIPAA, any information that is somehow related to the physical or mental condition of an individual is considered protected health information or PHI (Drolet, 2017). PHI includes patients’ names, surnames,...
Indeed, under the chapter 11 definition, a contract is a promise or set of promises between two agreeing parties. The contract needs to be agreed by both parties, with an exchangeable trade, services, or money as the central focus. In short, a contract needs to have something of value to...
Miranda Warning Rights The United States Constitution guarantees every citizen the right to be able to defend themselves with the help of a professional lawyer and self-incrimination. It is important to note that Miranda rights are a mandate imposed on law enforcement to explicitly state one’s rights to remain silent...
Case Summary The court case focuses on three groups of plaintiffs who are suing General Motors for a critical defect in ignition switches that could shut off the ignition, disabling steering, breaks, and airbags even in the middle of driving. However, the issue at hand is that due to the...
Crummett, D., & Swenson, P. (2019). Gun control, the right to self-defense, and reasonable beneficence to all. Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy, 6, 1035-1056. (Journal Article). The article assesses the propriety of a gun ban with respect to a constitutional right to self-defense. The conclusion is that gun...
Introduction Tricare is a health care program for the military and other security forces in the United States. Tricare serves both active military personnel and military retirees, military families, and some reserve members (Tricare – Health Plans, 2021). This civilian program is administered by the United States Department of Health...
The problem of juvenile delinquency has been growing in scale all over the world. Especially when it comes to groups and gangs, juvenile criminals are becoming more mobile, and their crimes are more severe and cruel. Adolescence is a turning point in the development of a child, the transition from...
In the United States, the legal system is much more evolved and has seen the implementation of laws that have ensured the protection of workers from human rights and labor laws violations. However, the same does not apply to many other countries where human rights and labor law violations are...
Galuszka, Peter. “The War over Internet Piracy: Fearing Lawsuits, College Officials Crack down on Illegal Downloading of Music and Videos on Campus.” Black Issues in Higher Education, vol. 21, no. 2, 2004, p. 24. Galuszka, in this article, provides that 80% of all films and music is pirated. For artists...
A decent burial ground is a good business opportunity in American urban centers. Cities have high population densities with little space to lay the dead. Many individuals prefer to cremate their loved ones because of the high cost of burial spaces, but many families still give the latter priority in...
Often, investigators rely on the testimony of eyewitnesses, and they give compelling testimony from a legal point of view. There are cases when eyewitnesses attribute details, events, and actions that did not happen at all. Here, the human factor plays an important role; that is, sometimes it happens that eyewitnesses...
Collective bargaining is the process aiming to solve workplace issues and gain influence to address concerns regarding terms of employment, such as pay, hours, leave, benefits, safety policies, and other essential aspects. A collective bargaining agreement (CBA) refers to a labor contract signed by an employer and a union that...
Introduction Federalist 10 is an essay written by James Madison and published in 1787 as a tenth part of The Federalist Papers, emphasizing the need for ratifying the United States Constitution. In this paper, Madison discussed factions, a group of citizens with similar interests and issues emerging in democracy, arguing...
As technology advances, the number of those who commit computer crimes also increases. These ushers in a new era of crimes, which differ from old crimes, cannot be formally defined. It is becoming an increasing hazard to society, and it is produced by criminals or irresponsible persons who take advantage...
The selection of the new members of the Court is a complicated process that includes confirmation procedures from the President and the Senate. Usually, the President nominates candidates for these positions, and both Executive and Legislative Branches of the federal government participate in the vote. Consequently, the candidates who obtained...
Introduction Along with the development of mankind in all its stages there have been important events in the form of wars, revolutions, scientific discoveries or religious movements. Historically important events have involved both changes in society and the human worldview, as well as specific historical individuals. However, the person who...
The court case Lucy v. Zehmer, ruled by Judge Buchanan, reviewed the legality of the Ferguson Farm selling contract between Mr. Lucy and Mr. Zehmer. In the court, Zehmer contended that an important contractual element was missing – his mental assent due to the inebriation of both parties. During the...
Abstract As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals experienced serious health problems and had to undergo treatment. Yet, apart from the risks to people’s physical wellbeing, the virus also jeopardized the sustainability of world economies. In the United States, due to business activity restrictions and social distancing orders,...
Crime Prerequisites Business, or white-collar crimes, may be defined as violations of trust caused by illegal actions of business professionals. The primary agents of business crimes may be either employers and business owners or a whole corporation. The major difference concerns whether the employee’s crime was committed on the corporation’s...
The most useful law associated with homeland security is the Homeland Security Act of 2002. It established the primary mission of the newly created Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The main objectives included reducing the vulnerability of the United States to various domestic and foreign security threats as well as...
Ahmad, Sk Ehtesham Uddin. “Colonial Reshaping of Criminal Law Before the Code of 1860.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress 73 (2012): 553-62. The article by Ahmad focuses on assessing the criminal law in India from the 17th to the 19th centuries under the British Crown. Particular attention is paid...
Statement of the Problem The topic for my term project is “The main causes of crime among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years.” I intend to explore the major reasons for the crime commitment among adolescents of this age group. Juvenile delinquency is a paramount topic to raise and discuss....
Introduction Healthcare professionals operate within the dictates of various laws that impose certain obligations arising from their work and interactions. Doherty and Purtilo (2016) explain that regulations delineate the conditions under which hospitals, doctors, nurses, and administrators acquire the privilege to practice. Consequently, they are vulnerable to both personal and...
A jury is a group of people who, during the trial, recognizes specific facts as established and makes a decision on the guilt of the defendant. The procedure for selecting a jury is called voir dire (“to tell the truth”). The selection is random and is usually carried out according...
Criminal justice presupposes punishments for committing offenses, which include isolation of recidivists from society. However, the more time people spend in places with minimal contact with the outside world and access to resources, the less they will be able to adapt back to normal lawful life. Many ex-prisoners struggle with...
Crime is widely considered a failure in the social system and therefore is to be addressed from the perspective of the social construct operation and the trends existing there. Hence, along with solving crimes, the goal of specialists is to identify and hijack the risks associated with such movements and...
One of the methods of direct determination of human actions is normative regulation, in which the needs of people living together in society and the need to coordinate their mass actions are recorded in general rules of behavior, instructions, and assessments. Morality is one of the main types of normative...
Introduction At present, a large number of people are experiencing health complications due to a sedentary lifestyle, lack of physical activities, poor nutritional habits, and substance use disorders (SUD). Among the potential diseases, diabetes mellitus is one of the most harmful and impactful developments that negatively affect the quality of...
Based on the legal principle of “separate but equal,” the Jim Crow laws disseminated institutional discrimination across all socio-economic aspects of black people’s lives. The US legal system institutionalized racial segregation against African-Americans in transportation, education, housing, public facilities, and more. Although currently, such laws do not exist, black communities...
Introduction Tim O’Shea is employed full-time at Everett High School in Everett, Massachusetts, where he performs his duty as the Director of Security. Simultaneously, he works as a part-time detail police officer. At his main workplace, Tim O’Shea earned $110,000 during the last year, whereas his annual part-time salary amounted...
The article “Prosecutors allege persistent heating oil fraud in New York City” by Benjamin Mueller established illegal activities by nine companies within the city, which defrauded customer’s money and destroyed both buildings and the environment. The authorities revealed that nine companies dealing in oil pumped air in fuel tanks and...
Introduction Rape constitutes the act of having sexual intercourse, against a person’s will. Majority of the experts in this field suggest that rape is as a result of an aggressive lust to dominate the victim, as opposed to the desire to achieve sexual fulfillment. They format rape to be an...
The murder of Travis Alexander was a shock for many because the victim was found stabbed and with a gunshot wound to his head in the shower of his house in Mesa, Arizona. The investigation process focused on Jodi Arias, Travis’s ex-girlfriend, as the main suspect. Initially, Jodi claimed that...
Modern correctional institutions indeed need significant changes. Now prisons and colonies are overcrowded, while not all criminals leave these places better than they were before committing crimes. On the contrary, prison culture often educates people who are even more full of hatred and desire to do evil. Therefore, first, it...
Ensuring safety and security for all citizens is the key priority of state authorities, which is why preventing crime remains a crucial item on the political agenda. However, the recent suggestion concerning DNA-based identification of convicts may spark controversy due to its possible ethical ramifications. In his 2006 article, Danny...
Decision Making From the Brethren, Justice Powel as a judge was among the jurists; he interviewed in person. Powell had a file called The Book that people thought was the primary source of Woodward’s content in The Brethren (Armstrong, 2021). The file was supposed to be a secret because it...
Drugs pose a significant risk to the health of an individual mainly because of the chemical compounds used during manufacturing. In this case, it is important to classify drugs based on the chemical composition due to the relational risks and impact. Researchers argue that there is a significant possibility of...
Informed consent is an authorized guideline, which safeguards a client’s right to recognize the possible threats, benefits, and options for an anticipated health care practice (De-Lusignan, 2008). Every patient should be consent before receiving therapy. Similarly, patients have a right to expect the doctors to abide by their wishes. Informed...
Demographics of the Juvenile Offenders A person who has not attained 18 years is referred to by the law as a juvenile. An immature offender is an adolescent who participates in unlawful behavior before reaching the constitutional stage of the common. The statistics showed that the number of juvenile males...
Abstract The importance of labor laws in shaping today’s working environment is significant. These laws help to establish how employers treat their staff and stop the former from exploiting their workforce. This paper analyzes the ways different labor laws are applied within organizations around the world with a comparison of...
Introduction Pre-Sentence Investigation Report (PSIR) is essential since it helps analyze the legal and social background of an individual convicted of a crime before sentencing. The history of criminal behavior is also explored during the PSIR. This report involves Andrea Yates, the offender who confessed that she drowned her five...
The video Inside the OJ Simpson parole hearing is news coverage by ABC News that shows Orenthal James Simpson (OJ Simpson) on October 1, 2017, during and after his parole hearing that set him free after almost nine years in prison for a robbery in Las Vegas. In a relatively...
Introduction On April 1, 2019, New York State’s governor Andrew Cuomo reached a deal on a state budget, which included a far-reaching criminal justice reform. One of the most significant changes was the elimination of cash bail for the majority of pretrial defendants. The Bail Reform went into effect from...
Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act The Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act (HIPAA) was enacted to prevent the misuse of health information to protect patients’ privacy and maintain confidentiality within healthcare systems. Any violation or noncompliance with the statutes’ regulations can lead to severe complex legalities, including civil suits and financial...
Supersized sugary drinks are the major cause of obesity in the US. Since the new regulation was put in place, New York City has adopted a proposal that is meant to regulate all licensed food establishments. This proposal is meant to bar the food establishments from using containers that are...
Criminal law is shaped and predetermined by several criminological theories that are applied to human behavior when considering come actions as either criminal or legal. Depending on the approach, some activities might be legal in one country and illegal in another. In this essay, the opinion on criminalization and legalization...
Introduction The concept of attempt refers to an incomplete or inchoate crime where an individual initially was intended to commit a crime and undertook specific actions to complete it but ultimately failed to commit a full offense due to some accidental causes. Inchoate crimes cover “attempts, solicitation, and conspiracies” (Schmalleger...
Rape is a serious crime that entails a lengthy prison sentence for the offender and causes severe psychological trauma for the victim. Rape can destroy years of life and should involve an appropriate punishment from the legal system. However, about half of the states in the US consider non-consent to...
EMTALA, Emergency Medical Treatment, and Active Labor Act is a regulation that requires health care establishments to provide emergency treatment and examination, regardless of individuals’ ability to pay, access to insurance, and legal status. The provisions focus on such services as medical screening requirements, stabilizing treatment, restriction transfers, and enforcement....
White-collar crime can be identified through a combination of definitions. The definition of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) states that white-collar crimes are “illegal acts characterized by deceit, concealment or violation of trust, which are not dependent upon the application or threat of physical force or violence”(Online Lawyer, 2010)....
The transgender population who are incarcerated often faces various unique challenges which exposes them vulnerabilities both physical and mental. The LBGT community is overrepresented in prisons across the country. As such, they are more likely to face violence and abuse from the general population behind bars. Therefore, transgender inmates present...
The Australian legal system is a distinct and unique entity that differs significantly from most of its counterparts worldwide. Though derived from English common law, it has evolved independently and eventually become sufficiently different to abandon the perception of being a copy. With that said, this uniqueness also means that...
Chapter 5 of “Introduction to the Use of Statistics in Criminal Justice and Criminology” focuses on the importance of dispersion. The term dispersion refers to the measurement of the spread of variables in the given distribution (Gau, 2019). Dispersion is important as it is not enough to merely know the...
Introduction Juvenile delinquency (JD) is one of the most acute problems of modern society. Adolescence is a critical age in the development of a child, the transition from childhood to adulthood. During the formation and development of the personality, this age is considered problematic. This is the time of adaptation...
Abstract The given exploratory paper is devoted to the policy change regarding families and the role they play in the juvenile delinquency sphere. It outlines the central causes that might precondition the emergence of negative effects and deteriorate relations between parents and children. They are discussed from the social perspective...
Many authors refer to the concept of “childhood” or “underage status” as an interdisciplinary object of research that belongs to different fields – history, law, philosophy, ethnography, pedagogy, psychology, sociology, and others. The issue that is associated with the death penalty or the legal status of juveniles, the age of...
Diversion is a particular intervention practice of postponed prosecution under which youthful defendants or offenders are redirected to specific prevention and treatment programs supervised by private or public agencies. In such a way, young persons gain an opportunity to demonstrate that they are law-abiding. The central objective of these programs...
The directors of different organizations have the power to dictate the strategies of a business, while the workers of these institutions have no such privileges. These innate privileges that permit the employers to supervise the employees are referred to as the managerial prerogatives. The powers are only left in the...
Background Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor is a remarkable person, who played a considerable role both as the judge, and later, the first Hispanic and Latina member of the court. According to Vincenty (2021), she claims that her judicial philosophy “is simple: fidelity to the law. The task of a...
Introduction Rights are the provisions of how individuals relate and live with each other including the respect given to other people’s lives and property. Parents’ rights face a major threat when it comes to the question of setting restrictions and disciplining as there has been the misconception that the rights...
Introduction Training and the learning or academic programs have been there in prisons for a long time. These programs were developed in America because prisons have been in existence there for a long period of time. In this annotated bibliography, different research are analyzed to determine whether inmates who engage...
Every correction department should pay special attention to proper business analysis for the purpose of defining the opportunities for cutting costs and taking appropriate measures. It is important to explore the existing options and decide which of the components are the most significant and do not allow economizing on them....
Multiple regulations and prohibitions are currently in place in every country in the world and enforced by such services as the police and military (Levine and Reinarman par. 68). Today, drug trafficking is linked to a variety of other criminal activities such as terrorism, organized crime, corruption, and arms trafficking...
The private property occupies a special place in the system of social relations. The participants in property relations are states, classes, and individuals. The history of human development has confirmed that there is a deep relationship between human economic behavior and social relations. All issues of economic life are closely...
When discussing the death penalty, especially for juvenile perpetrators, three concepts are critical: justice, deterrence, and possibility of error. The capital punishment may be seen as just because it causes the same suffering on the criminal as he or she did on his or her victims. However, it also causes...
Federal judges must adhere to the Code of Conduct of the United States Judges, which provides a set of moral principles and guidance ratified by the Judicial Conference of the US. The material advises law enforcement officers on the issues of independence and judicial integrity, anti-impropriety, allowable extrajudicial duties, as...
Ever since a declaration on the war on drugs was made a few decades ago, controversies have not been far off. Top on the list of these controversies has been the issue of drug legalization. There has been sharp criticism on this declaration and the resultant courses of action with...
The Equal Protection Clause lived up to its original intent in many cases. For example, the case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) made segregation of public schools illegal. On the other hand, Lum v. Rice (1927) case demonstrated that the exclusion of children of color from public schools...
Facts Adarand Constructors, Inc. V. Pena, is a case of the high court of the United States. Many contracts that are sold by organizations of the United States national government hold fiscal incentives for the chief contractor. He is supposed to hire subcontractors that are managed by socially and efficiently...
Literature review Masters, J. (2017). US gun policy: Global comparisons, Council on Foreign Relations. The article “US gun policy” is written by Jonathan Masters, who is an accomplished author with a deep understanding of American society, and the existing gun control regulation policies. In the recent past, the United States...
Introduction CompStat is effective in monitoring and analyzing crime rates by using comparative statistics and geographical distribution maps. Since the initial launch of CompStat, it gradually evolved and adapted to the needs of the specific department, where it was both an analytical device and performance metric. The system also shaped...
Countries around the world treat religion differently. In some states, especially those in the Middle East and Central Asia, religion plays a central role and is inextricably linked with the states’ governments. In other nations, such as the US, the government and religion are two institutionally separated spheres. This essay...
The National Security Strategy 2010 provides definitive ideologies on what contributes to global security, national security and homeland security. Essentially, there are multiple concerns highlighted in this policy document that help in understanding the values of domestic and international relations. Notably, there are several distinctions between the three aspects of...
Introduction It is first of all necessary to define the scope of criminal law and its implication upon society. It could be reasonably defined that criminal law is that offshoot of law that bans certain kinds of conduct or behavior and deems it intrinsic to enforce punishment or penal action...
Introduction Congress of the United States works on a variety of bills, some of which can be considered debatable in terms of different worldviews. Judeo-Christian ethics highlight the value of human life while promoting fair interpersonal relationships and compassion to other people. The issue of abortion has been topical in...
Introduction The use of juries in trials remains a contentious subject, considering there are individuals who think it is bizarre to rely on twelve laypersons to make legal decisions. Jury trials are a fundamental pillar of criminal law since it is a right of every person facing serious charges in...
For many years, gun ownership in the United States has been on the increase leading to violence in various states. Although there are inadequate studies on the correlation between the prevalence of arms to violent crimes, guns used during these incidents have been identified and described. On the contrary, weaponry...
Police shootings and killings of unarmed civilians arguably qualify as violations of the use-of-force standards that warrant the arrest and conviction of the perpetrators. However, American experience reveals that those involved seldom face any repercussions as the concerned authorities often deem such cases as justifiable. Nonetheless, circumstances under which some...
On March 23, 2010, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was passed into law to increase Americans’ medical coverage. The United States has the highest healthcare expenditure compared to other developed countries. Despite the high spending, the U.S. has fallen short of fulfilling its citizens’ healthcare needs (Fischer, 2016). The ACA...
There are four types of organizational communications namely downward or superior-subordinate communication, upward or subordinate- superior communication, horizontal or interactive communication and grapevine communication. The former is an exception in that it does not involve conventional channels of communication. A brief description of the aforementioned types of organizational communications will...
A Matrix to analyze different forms of business Business name Business nature Personal liability exposure Limiting liability exposure Tinker’s Home security services Sole proprietorship Personally liable for all debts Personally liable for all and any obligations of the business Creditors and claimants have access to the personal accounts, assets and...
Notes Contrasted with men, women have more worries about using public transportation modes and stations. Also, more women compared with men have safety worries just as a bigger probability of harassment in other public spaces like roads and parks, transport stops, and metro stations. This absence of trust in broad...
Police officers play an essential role in every community by ensuring justice, public order, and safety. Policing in the United States has evolved significantly since its emergence in a colonial country. According to Chism, the history of police can be divided into four eras: “the Political Era, the Reform Era,...
A Brief Overview The present chapter is intensely focused on survey research, questionnaires. It is divided into four main parts covering the topic in detail. The first part introduces the history of survey research and explains how surveys are used in research papers. The next section concentrates on the wording,...
According to the FBI, hate crime refers to traditional offenses such as vandalism, arson, murder and so on often instigated by a form of bias such as intolerance to sex, race, religion, transgender, disability to name just a few. Hate is not considered to be a crime and criminal justice...
Introduction to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a federal law that protects individuals against discrimination in public and private entities. The law prohibits employers from practicing discriminative management practices against employees (Gold, 2018). This legislation is...
Introduction The protection of children at the national level is a crucial aspect of sustainable and population-based legislation. The ability to promote laws and regulations aimed to create an environment in which the child feels safe and empowered is a valuable aspect of policymakers’ work. Attempts to discuss the problem...
Constitutional law A Bill of Rights refers to a compilation of human rights protection policies defined within a country’s Constitution (Australian Government Department of Education, Employment, and Workplace Relations). In Australia, attempts to enact a national Bill of Rights have not been fruitful for ages. However, the Australian Capital Territory’s...
Introduction Security involves the protection of property, persons, as well as the deterrence of crimes within society as prescribed by law. For a very long time, the issue of security has been a duty of the government towards its people through the police as the main players who provide security...
Introduction Hostage negotiation acts as a technique utilized by law enforcement officers to communicate with individuals who threaten violence. The negotiation helps in resolving the existing conflict for hostages to be safely released. Law enforcement officers obtain the proper training to learn how to handle hostage incidents. The continued occurrence...
Completely Innocent On November, 5, Andrew Kelly, a police officer, was arrested after killing a woman in a car accident; the off-duty officer was completely drunk driving through Brooklyn Mill Basin. The victim of the accident was Vionique Valnord, 32; the woman tried to hail a taxi that afternoon leaving...
Rape is defined as illegitimate sexual intercourse through the anus, vagina, breast, or any other body part, with or without force, through one’s sex organ, or any other body parts, or a foreign material without the permission of the victim. Rape is committed when a victim withdraws his or her...
An interracial crime refers to an offense where the perpetrator and the victim are the same race. Conversely, an interracial crime involves an offender and victim of different races. For violent victimizations, interracial crime is more prevalent than interracial crime. Examples of crimes included under violent victimizations are robbery, rape,...
While in the academy and for their period of training, police are particularly skilled on how to handle various situations that they will come across. A dilemma arises when they get in the field and stumble upon problems which they did not receive training for. Instances of new laws being...
Introduction The United States government has for a long time been using the Uniform Crime Reports and the National crime victimization survey as the two major sources of crime data (Schmalleger, 2009). These primary crime data sources have been extensively used by the government to establish the magnitude, characteristics and...
On Thursday, January 28, 2021, six people were reported killed in Indianapolis by a 17-year-old man named Raymond Ronald Lee Childs III. According to media reports, the young man shot and killed his father, stepmother, two teenage relatives, and a pregnant 19-year-old woman expecting a baby soon (CNN, 2021). Given...
Law, Morality, and the Freedom of Expression It is hard to disagree that for all people to live in a safe, healthy, and reliable environment, it is essential to create certain rules and behavior patterns for everyone to follow. If a person breaks these laws, they should be punished in...
Introduction A business tort is one of the most complicated and controversial realms of Corporate and Business Law, implying that one party committed wrongs against others who consequently suffer particular harm. In the case of Fazio v. Speedy Delivery Company, Fazio experienced physical damage because of the accident caused by...
Lee Boyd Malvo is a serial killer who has murdered ten people and left seventeen wounded. He and his accomplice were sentenced to life without parole and death sentence, respectively. Malvo was seventeen at the time the crimes happened, so he could not be executed. However, there are debates about...
This is a bilateral contract between A and B for A providing Marketing services to B from November 1, 2010, on a retainer basis of £1000 per month. In return, A would provide full Marketing services to B, including preparation of monthly market reports, surveys and customer meets for promotion...
Lee Malvo, who is currently 34 years old, was only 17 when he and his counterpart John Allen Muhammad killed more than ten people in Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Colombia through sniper attacks. This led to John Allen Muhammad’s death sentence in which he was executed in 2009,...
Leadership is a very important element in any organization and more so in those that have a paramilitary structure, such as the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD). Leadership is one of the major factors that determine the performance of police organizations. Many police organizations have introduced leadership qualities into their...
The possibility of increasing the national minimum wages is discussed in detail by the scientific community, introducing the potential advantages and disadvantages of this action. Although some scholars believe that improving the minimal possible salaries of the employees could benefit the economy, others dispute this approach, arguing that such changes...
Introduction Interpretation and application of the law is very critical in determining how effective a judicial system is. The judicial principles of statutory interpretation have a unique engagement with the interpretive powers that courts possess (Keenan, 2007). Lack of clear guidelines to control how courts interpret judicial principles is a...
Abstract Rape cases have been on the rise over the past few years. So far, little has been done to address the issue and it’s high time that the government took up the responsibility of protecting its citizens against sexually related crimes. There are various factors that are believed to...
Introduction The expansion of digital technologies into people’s daily lives and all spheres of human activity, especially business, creates new opportunities and challenges, especially in the legal field. The most common and complex are civil cases over copyright and intellectual property. The current and future generations of lawyers have to...
Name of Case: The People of the State of California v. Orenthal James Simpson Year the crime was committed: 1994 Place the crime was committed: Brentwood neighborhood, Los Angeles, CA Who was the perpetrator? Formal football player and actor O. J. Simpson Who was the victim? Ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman...
The definition of rape Rape is a type of a sexual abuse, as a rule, implying a sexual intercourse with a person by one or several people without a consent. The rapists, using a helpless status of a victim (unconsciousness, a strong alcoholic intoxication, a mental disorder, etc.), resort to...
Introduction The world faces a crisis in terms of the treatment of individuals with disabilities. Although activists should certainly advocate for the fair treatment of disabled people in society, it is now much more important to focus on violence against such persons, rather than their oppression. It is apparent that...
A collective bargaining agreement (CBA) is an essential aspect of industrial relations. It refers to a documented legal contract between an employer and the union representing the workforce (Doellgast & Benassi, 2020). CBA is an outcome of a comprehensive negotiation process among the parties concerning wages, working hours, teams, and...
Employment laws refer to regulations that oversee the relationship among the employees, employers and their unions (Appleby, 2008). These laws consist of contract doctrines and statutory regulations. Matters such as labor wages, hours, safety, and protection are predetermined in the employment laws. Apart from enhancing the relationship among labor stakeholders,...
Introduction In 2018, Canada became “the first industrialized nation to legalize marijuana,” which resulted in both positive and negative consequences (Austen, 2021, para. 10). Despite the fact that some people believe that the legalization of cannabis is a mistake, practice shows that this step allows to improve the economy of...
The right to possess and carry weapons is enshrined in the United States as a constitutional norm. However, the very essence of this right is highly controversial. Debate on gun control comes up regularly, highlighting the topic from both a practical and a moral point of view. Given the need...
Abstract The research paper covers the description and the analysis of mass incarceration in American prisons. The aim is to show that this social phenomenon has a negative impact on society and provide possible solutions to the problem. It has been done by examining the possible social and financial consequences...
In this case concerning a state C exploited by state A with the permission of state B, state P initiates proceedings against A with regard to resources and land belonging to the impoverished state C. It is worth noting that state P represents an administering power over the state C...
The main actors in the conflict in the American Standoff film American Standoff is a documentary film that contains a true reflection of a modern labor strike. The film is documented by Barbara Kopple. Kristi Jacobson is the director of the film. The film presents a tale of Teamsters strike....
Case Analysis The Maryland v. King case represents an extremely controversial issue, which is closely linked not only to legal contradictions but also to ethical dilemmas. Two significant values are at stake, and the interpretation of the law may be significantly subjective. The primary conflict is between privacy provided by...
Abstract The U.S congress broadly debated the healthcare plan under the umbrella of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) and has now been signed into law. The new legislation aims at reducing the cost of basic healthcare to all citizens while at the same time alleviating the various...
In 1966, the US Supreme Court made a landmark decision in Miranda v. Arizona; the ruling made the Fifth Amendment self-incrimination rule preeminent to the Sixth Amendment holding of Escobedo. The prescriptive holding of Miranda v. Arizona comes down to the following: whether exculpatory or inculpatory, the arrested person’s statements...
Homeland security plays a central role in ensuring the overall safety within the United States, but it is important to understand that there are intricate factors at play in regards to the general approaches utilized by a wide range of agencies. Although there are certain limitations in the overall implementation...
In today’s world a man’s reputation is undoubtedly his most valuable asset. A good reputation brings potential future success; therefore, its value is intangible. The law is designed to protect us from harm, including name slander, which is defamation. The tort of defamation refers to false statements intended to harm...
Issues It is seen in this case study that Adam has reneged on his offer to sell his motor car for £1000, made to the world at large through public advertisement. The main issues are (i) whether Adam was legally correct in refusing both the offers made by Ben and...
Intellectual property (IP) is an important company asset, especially while competing in the high-technology field. It may include new inventions, innovations in production, and other products of human endeavor that can be owned, such as computer codes (Fleddermann 134). Their rights to them can be protected in various forms, such...
The American Psychological Association defines hate crime as a legal offense against an individual or property instigated in whole or part by the bias of the offender against the minority. The victims may be targeted due to disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, ethnicity or gender. Hate purveyors use arson,...
The Affordable Care Act enacted more than ten years ago is among the key healthcare-related decisions of the past decade. The law’s key aspects include the promotion of health coverage expansion, new requirements concerning insurance regulations, and an emphasis on disease prevention and low-income populations’ improved access to services (Gruber...
