Culture refers to a complex set of learned beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and material objects that characterize a particular group or society. Conversely, ethnicity entails a shared cultural heritage, including shared history, language, ancestry, and physical characteristics, and is often used to describe cultural differences between groups within a society (Flynn et al., 2020). Acculturation refers to the process of cultural change due to contact between two or more cultural groups, resulting in the adoption of beliefs and values (Greene-Moton & Minkler, 2020). Moreover, culture provides a sense of identity and belonging and shapes attitudes and behaviors, while ethnicity is an important aspect of cultural identity and can impact social experiences. Acculturation can lead to tension but also results in creating new cultural blends and enriching cultures through exchange and sharing.
When working with patients from another culture, it is important for healthcare professionals to be mindful of cultural differences and to adjust their communication styles accordingly. A few key considerations include language, family dynamics, cultural differences, and the method of communication (Curtis et al., 2019). If the patient speaks a different language, it may be necessary to use a medical interpreter or translator. Healthcare professionals should also make an effort to use simple, clear language and avoid medical jargon. Additionally, some cultures strongly emphasize family involvement in healthcare decision-making. Respecting the patient’s cultural beliefs and involving the family in discussions if they request it is important. Besides, it is important to be aware of cultural differences that may affect the patient’s health beliefs and practices. For example, some cultures may strongly emphasize alternative or complementary medicine or may have different beliefs about the causes of illness. Understanding these differences can help the healthcare professional provide appropriate education and support. Lastly, some cultures may have different preferences for the method of communication, such as verbal, written, or visual materials. Healthcare professionals should consider the patient’s preferences and adapt their approach accordingly.
References
Curtis, E., Jones, R., Tipene-Leach, D., Walker, C., Loring, B., Paine, S. J., & Reid, P. (2019). Why cultural safety rather than cultural competency is required to achieve health equity: a literature review and recommended definition. International journal for equity in health, 18(1), 1-17. Web.
Flynn, P. M., Betancourt, H., Emerson, N. D., Nunez, E. I., & Nance, C. M. (2020). Health professional cultural competence reduces the psychological and behavioral impact of negative healthcare encounters. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 26(3), 271. Web.
Greene-Moton, E., & Minkler, M. (2020). Cultural competence or cultural humility? Moving beyond the debate. Health promotion practice, 21(1), 142-145. Web.