Introduction
The rise of D.F. Roosevelt was connected with his political career and personal development as a national leader. The political career began in 1910-1911 when Roosevelt entered the state house. Roosevelt received a perfect education and was familiar with banking, investment, finance, insurance, and real estate matters. During these tears, he worked with a group of reformers and became very popular among New York Democrats. Roosevelt studied public affairs and performance of holding companies. He represented a rural district as state senator and investigated the problems and difficulties faced agriculture and forestry industries.
1911-1929
In 1913, he was appointed as Assistant Secretary of the Navy. During these years, he was chief business officer of the department and had maintained contacts with industry and labor leaders. He was involved in the development and expansion of the US Navy and was involved in the development and formation of the US Navy Reserves. Roosevelt was responsible for public finance and had final responsibility for fiscal administration. Thus, researchers admit that during his time Roosevelt did not know much but he was remarkably well informed about political affairs and economic problemsi. Roosevelt’s viewpoint of the good life and the good community was the foundation for his views on use of the power and political authority. Some evaluation of economic condition was the only realistic means of giving a fair chance to the “underprivileged.” He believed that restricted control over the monetary standard was a crucial and sovereign power of the governmentii.
1920-1932
The next stage in the Roosevelt’s rise was connected with the election campaign. Roosevelt was chosen as a candidate for Vice President (1920). In spite of his defeat, it was a great step in political career and social acceptance of his skills and personal values. During 1929-1932, Roosevelt was elected as a governor of New York. Roosevelt believed that the situation in his time demanded strong action by government. As governor he approved measures, within the competence of state government, to deal with the economic distressiii. This, it soon became apparent to him that successful and parallel actions by 48 states were impossible, and that the problems of a national economic decline had to be met mainly by the national government. One of the principal goals and aims, Roosevelt became convinced, was redesign of purchasing power to the mass of consumersiv. Since 1915m Roosevelt support scouting movement and was a leader of the New York City Boy Scout Foundationv.
As the most important, before presidential elections in 1932, Roosevelt had clear and detailed plan of economic change and reforms needed for America. Such economic programs, Roosevelt supposed, could be attractively conjoined with political changes. For the development and redesign of mass purchasing power also known as a “New Deal” for the poorer population; it meant doing something for the “Forgotten Man.” Roosevelt’s universal economic ideology was the foundation of his ideas about fiscal and monetary policy of the USAvi. The administration should manage its financial affairs, Roosevelt thought, in such a way as to encourage a steady and affluent economy. Taxes, for instance, must not fall too heavily upon citizens, for that would defeat the aim of building up purchasing power. As governor of New York, Roosevelt earned the reputation of an economy-minded manager. In one of his early radio reports to the citizens of New York, Roosevelt insisted upon a policy of limiting expenditures to existing income. Roosevelt held that long-term investments in roads, public works, and national institutions might appropriately be financed by bond issues; this conformed to the practice of private companiesvii.
1932
In 1932, Roosevelt was elected as a President of the USA. The difficulty and great tension was created by economic crisis, “the Great Depression” and increased poverty rates in the USA. As a political leader, Roosevelt understood that an economic change was a major instrument in the state’s relation to the economy, because monetary control, like fiscal policy, was a tool of influencing general economic and trade affairs. It was from this bottom of thought that Roosevelt looked at the existing gold standard. President viewed money precipitated as a problem of “national” versus “International” relations. President rejected the idea of Hoover that the Great Depression was of European origin. President underlined that the economic crisis was caused by national policies and inadequate reforms provided by the government. In his presidential campaign, he accused the Republicans in populism and inability to see the roots of the problems. President accepted the importance of world trade but asserted that central problems were national and that the American society should not be vulnerable to “internationalists” in taking necessary steps for our own reliefviii.
Conclusion
The nest step in his political career was connected with the long-term program for economic stabilization. Roosevelt changed the national system of tariffs, monetary controls and fiscal policy. He believed that new technology and economic freedom required a new era of industrial co-operation. He underlined that the American government had the responsibility to lend a helping hand to weak enterprises and companies who survived during the Great Depression. Effective economic and political programs and policies made Roosevelt a national hero of that time.
Endnotes
I Jenkins, J., Schlesinger, A. M. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (The American Presidents) (Times Books; 1st edition, 2002). 50.
II Black, K. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom. (PublicAffairs; export ed edition, 2005). 169.
III Jenkins, J., Schlesinger, A. M. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (The American Presidents) (Times Books; 1st edition, 2002). 52.
IV Ibid. 96
V Black, K. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom. (PublicAffairs; export ed edition, 2005). 556.
VI Jenkins, J., Schlesinger, A. M. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (The American Presidents) (Times Books; 1st edition, 2002). 95.
VII Black, K. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom. (PublicAffairs; export ed edition, 2005). 580.
VIII Black, K. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom. (PublicAffairs; export ed edition, 2005). 587.