Contraception or birth control is a fertility control aimed at preventing pregnancy. Some countries try to discourage access to or limit contraceptives, as they believe contraceptives to be immoral, unethical, and undesirable in terms of political viewpoints. People resort to contraception usage for several reasons. The first one is that they want to prevent pregnancy and indulge their sex-related whims with no further side effects, such as an unexpected child. The second reason is that they do not want to get sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Safe sex practices are correlated to the diminishing risk of STD existence. Contraceptives might not guarantee the complete protection of STD development. Macounová et al. (2021) claim that contraception provides “protection only against unwanted pregnancy but not against HIV and STDs” (p. 8). All these negative side-effects come from people’s impacts. However, the high rate of anticontraception usage affects several countries’ policies in terms of a low total fertility rate. Several countries are concerned about the spread of birth control pills or other ways of contraception, while other countries, like India, implement social programs planning family size utilizing fertility control (Chauhan & Prasad, 2021, p. 10).
Some countries try to implement several social programs limiting and prohibiting contraceptives, as they want to raise the level of fertile women within their governmental programs related to population rate. Other countries are overpopulated, such as China and Japan, and they welcome fertility control strategies. Most nations discuss the “prevalence and availability of various kinds of contraceptive techniques globally concerning policy and unmet needs in industrializing nations” (Bolin et al., 2021, p. 138). Several states being industrialized nations manifest signs of a low total fertility rate. It happens because of a low unemployment rate among Japanese men who are bad candidates for further marriage. Men in Japan occupy temporary jobs that make them unable to sustain a family and would-be-children. The second primary reason for low fertility is that the Japanese government does not provide citizens with a decent parental leave for children’s service. For this very reason, Japanese residents do not want to bring babies into the world, and it has little to do with contraceptives.
India is considered to be an impoverished country facing problems in different spheres, such as overpopulation, a high rate of migration, a weak economy, and a poorly organized health care system. To improve the current situation, authorities have to reassess several policies concerning nutritional problem solutions that are typical of people from low-social segments. Mahato et al. (2020) state that these problems are common for Indians, as they suffer from a high incidence of infectious diseases (p. 122). Indians faced low performance of child health and maternal indicators and nutritional problems that are rampant in significant parts of India predisposed by social and economic factors. To solve this problem, a government has to implement single-micronutrient deficiency prevention strategies. They are: reassessing nutrition compositions given to people, and the health care availability making people check up on their physical condition regularly (Elhag & El Ansari, 2021, para. 2). Indians face non-compliance with nutritional supplementation because the government institutes pay less attention to individuals from low social class. The Indian government might find financial sources to support and protect people from preventing a high rate of digesting diseases.
General rations, supplementary feeding programs, and therapeutic feeding programs take the leading role in maintaining population nutrition. Volin et al. (2020) state that nutrient supplements to household communities are liable for the improvement of “the nutrient adequacy of general food distribution rations for vulnerable sub-groups” (para. 4). This statement implies that people from low social classes suffer from supplementary feeding programs that do not correspond to nutrient norms.
References
Chauhan, B. G., & Prasad, J. B. (2021). Contraception use and fertility aspiration among currently married young men in India. Do gender attitudes matter? Children and Youth Services Review, 122, 1-15
Bolin, A., Whelehan, P., Vernon, M., & Antoine, K. (2021). Birth control, abortion, and methods of birth control in cross-cultural contexts. In human sexuality (pp. 50). Routledge.
Elhag, W., & El Ansari, W. (2021). Nutritional deficiencies post bariatric surgery: a forgotten area impacting long-term success and quality of life. Bariatric surgery-from the non-surgical approach to the post-surgery individual care. IntechOpen. Web.
Macounová, P., Tomášková, H., Šnajdrová, A., Stanovská, M., Polochová, M., Tomášek, I., & Maďar, R. (2021). Education of adolescents in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 1-12.
Mahato, S. D., Ghoshal, S., Ghosh, A., Haque, M., Mandal, A., Acharya, S. K., Biswas, A. (2020). Food security and nutritional availability of farmers in tribal areas of India: the complexity and challenges. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 39(45), 114-124
Volin, N., Thompson, L., Cohen, M. K., Rogers, B. L., & Webb, P. (2021). Maintaining and expanding the refine repository for food assistance research. U.S. Agency of International Development.