2697 samples of this type
Hegemonic stability theory Hegemonic stability theory draws its ideas from the realist, liberal and historical, together with the structuralists views. It is often regarded as a hybrid theory. It emphasizes that for an open and balanced international system to be met there should be a sole dominating or hegemonic nation,...
Why did Chavez decide to nationalize Cargill? Do you think he was justified? Though hardly anyone could expect the nationalization of Cargill to occur, the reasons behind the decision taken by Chavez are quite obvious. Seeing that the president has been known for his enmity towards foreign companies within the...
Explain how an increased federal budget deficit resulting from a recession can actually help stabilize an economy Local governments and the states face tough fiscal times due to economic downturns. It has been observed that due to this, the state tightens up its fiscal belt and this leads to the...
Explain the concept of the “Balance of Payments” (BoP), and how it relates to the foreign exchange (“forex”) market under a floating rate and a so-called “fixed” exchange rate. How does the latter regime cause problems for the Chinese economy? The balance of payment indicates all the transactions of a...
Abstract Most of the international monetary policies are formulated by the Bretton Woods institutions namely the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF). While the core objectives of these polices are to create a level playing ground and sustainable economic growth across the globe, the anticipated economic returns have not...
The last decade has witnessed an unprecedented number of mega-mergers in the banking industry. What are the potential cost advantages of these mergers? Mergers in business management are critical in generating enough resources for an organization to operate effectively while providing a platform for a harmonized management approach. In the banking...
Reasons why Prices of Food Such as Rice and Grain are on the Rise The United Kingdom is one of the developed nations in the world. It has been able to ensure that food security for its citizens is guaranteed. The agricultural sector of this country is quite advanced, and...
Public budgeting leader in the public sector An effective public budgeting leader focuses on achieving particular goals and meeting certain groups’ needs. To be an effective leader and manager in the public sector, it is essential to be able to set clear goals, as well as develop plans to achieve...
Introduction The housing market of Canada is managed and governed by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. It provides up-to-date and reliable reports, which help monitor the Canadian housing market, analyze it, and make predictions about its development. This resource provides data related to the rental market, housing construction, mortgage...
No one would deny neither the importance nor the breadth of scope of Chinese societal transformations initiated by the country’s industrial reform. However, relationships between Chinse private enterprises and the state are far from being balanced. One can argue that these relationships are equally far from promoting environmental sustainability. Neither...
Executive Summary This report carries an in-depth analysis of Topshop and Matalan in order to help Caifu to choose the best company to buy stocks. The report noted that both companies are facing decreasing sales due to the deflationary crisis in the UK. However, Matalan has poor management, which has...
Introduction The global financial crisis of 2008-2009 was the worst economic calamity since the Great Depression. The crisis was an extremely complex event the causes of which are still disputed among economic scholars. Academic accounts of the economic disaster are characterized by disparate interpretations and a high level of heterogeneity...
How economics would approach the problem of alcohol abuse Drug abuse is a problem that faces most countries. Various groups of people have suggested a number of ways to resolve the problem. Examples of ways that can be used to solve the problem of alcohol abuse are scientific, social, medical,...
Based on the Chinese government’s standpoint, is it logical to impose the trade barrier? China is one of the most promising markets and it can affect the development of the global market. Palmer (2010) notes that the USA as well as other countries express their concerns as to China’s policies...
Estate Planning Minimizing Tax Liability One of the main benefits of estate planning for businesses is the possibility of reducing tax liability. If an owner fails to account for these expenses before death, the firm may suffer a significant financial loss in the form of estate tax (Herzberg & Boone,...
Finance is important to any business as it serves different functions which allow the business to run effectively. A company may need additional funds to expand its business operations or running expenses (Wright 2007). Expanding a business may include entering new markets, introducing new products and increasing annual output. New...
Chapter summaries This chapter begins by giving a brief overview of the benefits of international trade through the examination of the garment industry in Bangladesh. This chapter has also evaluated several theories that outline the advantages of a country engaging in international trade and the model of international trade experience...
Introduction Background of Study Globalization is the phenomenon through which countries across the globe are connecting through financial trade, political issues, transportation and operations. It is mostly termed as economic globalization since the economy of a particular country carries out trading activities in order to become a part of the...
Introduction It is apparent that entering an emerging market has a significant potential due to various advantages such as the increasing economic growth, the absence of serious competition, et cetera. However, it is also evident that numerous problems can occur in the process of entering. Therefore, it is essential to...
Company Description Emaar Properties is a company from the United Arab Emirates that provides real estate management and development services. Founded in 1997, it quickly reached the status of the leader in the local market through diversification of activities to hospitality, residential, and commercial property segments. Following a successful IPO...
The Great Recession The great recession started in December 2007 and ended in June 2009. The recession started when the 8 trillion housing bubble tumbled1. There was lots of wealth loss that reduced consumer spending. There was financial chaos due to reduced consumption and the business investments collapsed. Due to...
Problems Facing AndFound The given case focuses on discussing AndFound start-up, the paramount aim of which is to connect investors with new and ambitious projects. Initially, the mentioned website offered its services for free, while its founders plan to introduce some charges for investors and other interested businesspersons (Nanda and...
Unit Description Western Oahu Veterans Center is a local branch of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, a governmental agency that aims to provide various types of aid to veterans of U.S. military service. The center’s staff consists of seven employees who work eight hours a day, six days a...
Introduction Human subjects are utilized in many fields of research. The primary sciences that are focused on studying human reaction and behavior are psychology and sociology. Consumer research is connected with either in equal measure, as its primary objective is to model and understand consumer behavior. The purpose of this...
Introduction The article called Investing at Every Age raises the issue of investing that depends on the age and goals of a person. This is a highly relevant problem in most countries and communities. Investing is a complicated and very important process that requires knowledge and experience. However, most people...
Economic Efficiency Economic efficiency is the use of resources such that maximum utilization of those resources is achieved in production of goods and services. It involves effective and equitable allocation of resources. An economy is said to be economically efficient if any change made to make one agent better off...
Monetary and Fiscal policy Monetary and fiscal policies are policies of the central bank and the government. The policies are utilized by the two organs for maintaining economic stability in the country through maintenance of low inflation and positive economic growth. The monetary and fiscal policies are used to reduce...
Informal Economy in African Economic Development: Contributions and Drawbacks Though the informal economy is introduced as a vital and large part of the overall African economies, it is still hard to find one specific definition of this concept. Researchers and policymakers suggest using such terms as shadow, gray, black, or...
Name of the article Brazil’s booming Economy: Too hot for comfort Author of the article The Economist online In 1-2 paragraphs, outline what the article is about? The article describes the occurrences in the Brazilian Economy in the recent period after the famous global crisis. The Brazilian economy has experienced...
Introduction International trade strategies have changed for Canada. In fact, 2017 is proving to be the year that define the country’s international trade policy. The US wants to renegotiate NAFTA and the dwindling outcomes of the Asia-Pacific trade policy, Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), provide an opportunity for a review of trade...
Introduction The negative emotions such as embarrassment may significantly affect individual’s behaviour in different purchase situations. The article “Effects of consumer embarrassment on shopping basket size and value: a study of the millennial consumer” written by Nichols, Raska, and Flint and published in the Journal of Consumer Behaviour in 2015...
Introduction The North American Free Trade Agreement, which has been in existence for seventeen years, was signed in 1994. This agreement created a free trade area between Canada, the USA, and Mexico. Since its inception, there have been critics and supporters of this agreement. This paper seeks to examine both...
Introduction The objective of this chapter is to describe the methodology employed by this study to collect and analyze data. Reyes (2004) recommends Watkins’ (1994) research methodology, which involves seven steps: novelty of the problem; investigator’s interest in the problem; practical value of the research to the investigator; worker’s special...
Introduction Crude oil is a critical commodity in the modern industrial world. It is one of the most actively traded resources in the global market. The extent and volume of such commerce have their impacts on the international community, forming a reciprocal connection that both regulates and can be affected...
Abstract The current research paper dwells on the critical differences between the US and Canadian economies in order to make informed conclusions regarding the gap between consumer price indexes of the two countries. So as to do that, the researcher conducted a literature review on the subjects of product pricing...
The Main Causes of the Economic Crisis of 2007-2008 The economic crisis of 2007-2008 was termed as the Global Financial Crisis or the Great Recession due to being the most significant one since the Great Depression (Askari & Mirakhor 2015). Given the importance of the event, it seems necessary to...
Milton was a pre-eminent American Economist who earned accolades for his free-market economic theory (407). A free market economy is a system in which the prices of goods and services are determined purely by the demand and supply in the market. There is no government intervention to determine such prices....
Abstract Data computation of computer price indices is a challenging issue because different jurisdictions adopt unique methodologies when doing so. This study explores how CPI is computed in Mongolia by investigating four main issues: services in the CPI, new data sources for compiling CPI, the importance of understanding and meeting...
This involves studying the interplay between trust and inequality in a dynamic game. In this case, efficiency is increased by trust, which allows a higher experimental growth of an economy. The study is set to find out how the relationship between inequality and trust affects economic growth. In this study,...
Introduction Aggregate demand is normally understood in the context of the total value of goods and services demanded by a given group of consumers at a given period and a given price (Brux 2007, p. 375). In other words, aggregate demand essentially refers to the value of goods and services...
Introduction Finances and exchange rates play a substantial role in the functioning of the international market while ensuring the circulations of goods and services. The importance of these economic matters cannot be underestimated, as the currency devaluation caused by the fluctuations in the exchange rates could be regarded as a...
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is considered an indicator of the overall economic wellbeing of the country. It should give a representation of the general welfare of the nation as the higher the level of production, the higher the country’s well-being. However, GDP does not reflect the social state of the...
According to research, the rate of globalization across the world has escalated at an alarming rate since the turn of the century (Feasel, 2018). This observable fact has been influenced by factors such as technological advancements, economic empowerment, increased access to education, and improved relations between countries. One of the...
These two articles present opposing views on how Marxism is manifested in the economy of the digital era. On one side of the argument, there is Christian Fuchs, who presented his views in the book “Digital Labor and Karl Marx”. The key concept in Fuchs’ book is that social media...
Introduction A general understanding of macroeconomics shows that recession occurs when the business cycle of an economy contract. During the recession, there is a fall in GDP growth, household income, business profit, and investment point towards an economy that is in recession (Colander 11). Consequently, recession increases unemployment and corporate...
The Highway Trust Fund (HTF) is the main source of funding for American transportation programs. Despite a gradual increase in funding, HTF has shown signs of insolvency. The current paper provides an overview of the existing issues and identifies several solutions that may address the problem. History Prior to the...
Introduction The possibility of the UK leaving the European Union or the so-called Brexit is a key source of concern for the major part of the British business world. It is assumed that the potential changes in the trade relations with the EU, as well as the uncertainty associated with...
Summary The article analyzed the challenges of the US financial institution in 1832. Proponents of the recharter bill believed that the president’s objections could have been reviewed. As a result, the bill was floored at the senate house on moral grounds. 1 The president rejected the decisions of the senate...
Introduction The United Kingdom is expected to go to a referendum in June 2016 to determine whether the country should remain a member of the European Union or not (Gifford 2015). A section of the society strongly believes that the United Kingdom should exit the European Union because the country...
Introduction Wal-Mart is an American-based retailing company that has ventured into the international market to take over some emerging markets. The company has dominated the local market in the United States. It is looking to dominate the international market by providing consumers with some of the cheapest alternatives to the...
Introduction The purpose of this paper is to analyse foreign direct investment (FDI) in India. FDI refers to “the net inflow of investment to acquire a lasting management interest in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor” (World Bank 2015). Developing countries have focused on...
Singapore and Malaysia are two countries whose relationships are quite controversial. Although they have a lot of mutual economic affairs and their cultures are closely connected, there is still an element of competition between them. Nowadays, Malaysia and Singapore present two separate countries, although from 1962 to 1965, Singapore was...
Market structure The regression results show that the coefficient of determination is slightly above average. This implies that the model explains the demand for the product well. The elasticity for advertisement is positive. This shows that advertisement plays a slight role in the demand of the product. The two elasticties...
Pricing strategy Price discrimination is a practice where different customers are charged different prices on goods and services that are identical. While single pricing is charging the same prices to all customers for all the goods and services being sold, in this case, customers are sure of the price and...
Introduction Overview This chapter covers the background to the study, problem statement, research objectives, questions and the significance of the study. Background to the study In early 2013, the British Prime Minister declared that the country will vote to decide whether the country should remain or exit the European (Whyte...
Introduction The Chinese economy has been linked directly to the performance of its manufacturing industry for quite long. The connection between the economic growth of the state and its manufacturing sector is quite obvious; as the latter has been the source of employment options for most denizens of the Chinese...
“Hawaii’s Solar Wars”: Variable Pricing as a Solution Offered by Herman K. Trabish “Hawaii’s solar wars” is an issue that has emerged recently due to the installation of rooftop solar photovoltaic systems by some Hawaiian households and the resulting economic conflict between the owners of these systems and the rest...
BRIC countries have a strong potential for investments and development of healthcare due to possessing lucrative economies, large populations, while at the same time having inefficient healthcare systems that leave many potential customers yearning for paid quality healthcare. However, different BRIC countries have different healthcare structure with market potential differing...
Introduction Politics defines a country. The difference between a developed country and a developing country is how politics in each particular country are carried out. Politics also determine various core aspects such as economy, history, culture, and geography. Weak political leaders typically lead to a country that is not economically...
Abstract This paper explains the mechanics of how the so-called ‘Housing Bubble’ (believed to be the actual cause of the financial crisis of 2008-2009) came into being, and explains why, contrary to what many people believe, this crisis is best described as having been deliberately triggered by bankers. Introduction Nowadays,...
Opportunities and Challenges The opportunities and challenges which housing lenders and real estate agents face across ethnic subcultures are different. The reasons that buyers from the three ethnic groups surveyed gave for buying homes were diverse. The surveyed ethnic groups consisted of African Americans, English -speaking Hispanics and Spanish- speaking...
Issue Brain drain is an inevitable and serious problem (as seen by officials, employers, analysts, and so on) that will undermine Canada’s international competitiveness. In the 1990s, up to 2% of the Canadian population left the country each year to find employment elsewhere (mainly the USA), and researchers note that...
Introduction The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is a large-scale initiative created under the leadership of China (Mishra, 2016). This international organization has two key objectives. First, its task is to enhance financial cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region. Second, the activities of the bank are aimed at financing infrastructure projects...
Issue Government debt has become a concern for many developed countries in recent years. Economists, officials, and other stakeholders fear that the government debt will increase and become an unbearable burden for younger generations. Such issues as financial crises, aging populations, and quite inconsistent tax policies contribute greatly to the...
Introduction Governments usually require taxes to meet expenses such as healthcare, security, and other public requirements. To raise the revenue, the government imposes taxes on goods and services as well as on the wages and salaries that employers pay and employees earn. In essence, payroll tax, such as the Federal...
The chapter on cryptocurrency by Greenfield is a comprehensive source of information regarding Bitcoin and the blockchain. It provides the reader with clear and understandable insights into these pressing topics that have been bothering many people (Huumo, Ko, Choi, Park, & Smolander, 2016). The purpose of this paper is to...
Introduction Growth for housing starts, completions and under construction was negatively affected by the economic downturn in 2008 with only 187,923 units registered. But this has surpassed the 1955 to 2013 historical average, which means that even if there was perceived negative growth the sector was performing well unexpectedly. The...
Introduction Over the past, the issue of terrorism and drug trafficking has posed a big problem in international trade. The drug traffickers have taken advantage of the international trade to sneak drugs across international borders. This has threatened the effectiveness of the international trade to a great extent. Discussion Recently,...
Kea Terms Definition Democracy is a form of the government elected by the majority of people and guaranteed equal rights for everybody. Democratization is the process of democracy development. A dictatorial regime is a form of the government when all the power is held by one person (a dictator). Economic...
Why are economic profits zero in the long run in a monopolistically competitive market? Economic profit refers to the difference between the overall income and the combined expenditure. The amount of expenses may be viewed from the business perspective of opportunity cost. In a monopolistically competitive business environment, such profits...
History of Changes in GDP, Savings, Investments, Real Interest Rates. Forecasts for the Next Five Years First, it is important to evaluate the historical changes in the US’s GDP that directly relates to the dynamics of the economic growth of the country. Beginning with the crash of the stock market...
Introduction Strong government-business ties are crucial in economic development. A country’s political establishment or government formulates and implements economic and regulatory policies that determine its developmental state. Political decisions and economic management are inextricably linked. In this view, a nation’s economic success depends on its political system and laws governing...
The purpose of this paper is to examine the history of financial reforms and its impact on the US economy. Thus, we attempt to limit our study to major reforms that sharply affect macroeconomic indicators. For a long time, private financial institutions were gaining the power to control and run...
Executive Summary The competitive global market has compelled firms in the banking industry to introduce new strategies that will help them to remain competitive. These strategies include assessing the profitability of the company to determine its core strengths and weakness. When a firm is profitable, it can pay high dividends,...
Today, the collapse of state banks is the problematic situation which is often associated with significant economic and political problems in the country. Nevertheless, it is impossible to state that this situation is characteristic only for the modern development of business and economics. The problem is in the fact that...
Abstract This paper is a critical analysis of the 2015 journal article “Effects of consumer embarrassment on shopping basket size and value: A study of the millennial consumer” by Bridget Nichols, David Raska, and Daniel Flint. The paper is divided into four sections, viz. the introduction, summary, critique, and conclusion....
The entry strategy chosen for Emaar is FDI or foreign direct investment. This strategy was selected due to the specific economic state of Kazakhstan, which will supposedly soon enjoy steady economic growth but remain to be a developing country. For Emaar, a company that is present in more than 30...
Introduction In the paper called “The Relationship Between Trade Openness and Economic Growth: Some New Insights on the Openness Measurement Issue” Hutchet-Bourdon, Le Mouël, and Vijil (2011) discover aspects of measuring trade openness and its impact on economic growth. The review of the existing literature reveals the lack of a...
Causes of the 2007-2008 Economic Crisis The economic crisis of 2007-2008 had the most far-reaching financial repercussions for the U.S. economy since the Great Depression (Helleiner 2011). The significant increase in sub-prime mortgage defaults caused the bursting of a housing bubble. As a result of the growth in the number...
Introduction Warren Buffett’s annual letter to shareholders presents one of the most read and analyzed documents by investors within business calendar. The letter basically updates shareholders on Berkshire’s progress and at the same time gives investment wisdom to various investors (Buffett, 2013). Main Body Warren Buffett gives detailed explanations on...
Introduction This research paper will begin by defining recession in the context of macroeconomic and thus leading to the analysis of consumption, investment, savings, and balance of payment of the United States of America. Factors that led to recession will also be examined against the situation on the ground. A...
China is currently the largest manufacturing economy in the world. Its growth is mainly attributed to the country’s ability to position itself as a global hub for business activities. In 2010, around 19.8% of the total manufacturing output in the world came from China (Dempsey 2012). Major industries in this...
For most intents and purposes, credit cards are superior to carrying cash. They are more compact and secure and can enable payments over the Internet. The situation for vendors is somewhat different, but credit card readers are becoming increasingly widespread. Nevertheless, many people prefer to use cash instead of cards...
The rapid growth of China as a major powerhouse in the global economy is described by analysts as an example of one of the most significant economic success narratives in contemporary times. The growth has taken place within a span of fewer than three decades is. The Chinese economic reforms...
Introduction On the surface, it may seem odd that Islamic banking is in such demand but when looked at from a cultural and religious perspective, it embodies the very essence of Islamic law. To put it simply, what makes Islamic banking different from conventional banking is that it is based...
Most countries have a free market economy. The market forces of demand and supply determine the price of various products in a free market economy. There is usually very little interference from the government or regulatory bodies. High demand and low supply lead to a rise in the price of...
The oil industry is characterized with booms and busts. However, it has witnessed the lowest oil prices for more than a decade. Oil prices have fallen rapidly which can be attributed to supply exceeding demand. However, some critics argue that it is a scheme by the US government and Saudi...
Executive summary This report considers the relationship that the change in climate has with the pension fund. The pension fund is one of the largest consumer products, and there has been a concern on how to protect it from any possible material or financial risk (Jill 324). So many studies...
Introduction Prior to the Great Depression, very few people would agree with the statement that the government can substantially impact the market. Nowadays, very few people would disagree with it. Monetary and fiscal authorities wield the most powerful weapons for shifting economic landscapes of a country. These weapons include but...
Introduction Warren Edward Buffett is an American businessperson. He is also a successful investor who ranks among the rich and prosperous investors. Warren Buffett’s aptitude for money and business started at unusually tender age. At the age of 13 years, Buffett started a business as a paperboy selling horseracing tip...
Introduction Purpose and context of the report The prime principle of globalization is featured by the interconnected holistic phenomenon. Due to globalization, the world has become a village in terms of politics, economic endeavors, and cultural interaction. Understanding the position of globalization in the Canadian society requires critical analysis of...
Introduction New institutional economics which emerged in the 1970s, became a basis for the economic reform and the development of the contemporary economy. It gave birth to diverse theories that outlined the reforms and conditioned the future of the economy. The current paper reviews one of the famous institutional theories,...
Review of the Topic Most governments around the world are under immense pressure to provide proper stewardship of their economies through prudent public financial management. Undertaking sound investments stems from the proper use of public resources and the maximization of returns from the same (European Commission, 2014). Public resources refer...
Introduction Various economic growth models have been developed over time. These models help us to understand the sources of economic growth and why there are differences in economic performance across countries. One of these models is the Solow-model, called the neoclassical growth-model. The concept became established in the fiscal 1956...
Introduction In the wake of international cooperation and globalization, intercontinental movement of people has significantly increased. Current economic trends have compelled people to move to foreign nations to seek employment opportunities, education, and business among other reasons. However, economic immigrants have increased significantly in the last decade. Their relocation to...
Introduction The issue of the minimum wage in the US dates back to 1938 when President Roosevelt introduced a 25 cents/hour wage as the lower limit earning for any employee. The intentions of introducing the minimum wage were noble as the move sought to protect low-income earners from exploitation by...
Circumstances that may Lead to the Opening up of Businesses to Exploit Europe’s Coal Mines Resources Europe still has an abundance of coal reserves that can be mined. The process should be economically viable. The coal mining industry improved productivity in the past. Today, oil and gas prices are increasing...
Free market and mixed economy An economic system is important in allocating scarce resources. There are several economic systems that have distinct characteristics. In a free-market economy, there are minimal or absence of interventions. The market is controlled by forces of demand and supply. Further, the economy is self-adjusting. Thus,...
Introduction This paper is aimed to make a currency report. It will consider a pair of the US dollar and the Russian ruble. It is going to analyze their relations in the currency market, as well as provide a short, medium, and long-term prediction on their future exchange. Currency Report...
David Donnison discusses the phenomenon of increasing income inequality, which has led to declining standards of living for a significant portion of Britain’s population. The author claims that the widening gap between the rich and the poor has introduced challenges regarding access to basic health care for most Britons (Donnison...
Generating theories is always inseparable from future debates. It can be explained by the fact that the world is constantly changing so that there is the need for the improvement of the generally acceptable postulates or making a particular theory more detailed in order to assure that it is still...
Introduction Market failures involve the decentralization of behavior that does not result in Pareto efficiency. Traditionally, market failures are said to be circumstances where a social surplus is enlarged under some form of alternative allocations that result from market equilibrium. The commonly recognized market failures are natural monopolies, externalities, information...
The relationships between the currencies of different countries may be discussed in a variety of ways regarding the existing theories and formulas. Interest rate parity (IRP) theory is one of the methods that can be appropriate for the evaluation of the interest rates and exchange rates (Eun & Resnick, 2015;...
It is common to believe that agriculture is a major sector for developing countries, especially rural territories because it does not require vast investment in the innovations and the implementation of the newest technologies. Nevertheless, regardless of a traditionally acceptable economic myth, there is a severe debate around this statement...
Impact of De-privatization on Privatized Firms De-privatization will have damaging effects on investment by managers of privatized firms. De-privatization is more of a political measure rather than an economic remedy for Russian economy. Incompetent directors (of ex Soviet-era), who were supposed to lose their jobs may become in-charge again as...
Introduction Background and context The modern business environment could be characterised by the unique diversity and tendency towards the globalisation. However, at the moment, we could observe the overwhelming prevalence of a small number of companies and the dominance of western economies when developing states have few opportunities to enter...
Scenario One An LCL shipment of motor vehicle parts from a UK manufacturer to an importer in Johannesburg, South Africa. The goods will travel by sea in a multi-modal ship, using the DDP Johannesburg Incoterm. This is the required documentation. Pro-forma Invoice: This is a document that is sent by...
Introduction In his paper entitled “Capital Mobility and Economic Performance: Are Emerging Economies Different?”, Edwards (2000) explores whether capital mobility influences different factors related to economic growth or not. His preliminary analysis focuses on arguing viewpoints of his colleagues that prove that capital mobility and the expansion of a country’s...
There are a plethora of people who occupy such low-income positions as waiters, housecleaners, nannies, and so on. These individuals receive minimum wages that should cover their primary needs (food, utilities, and clothing). If the government considers raising the paychecks of citizens who work at low-income jobs, the quality of...
Underlying Theme The book Freedomnomics by John Lott Jr. is an exploratory work of the economic principles that underlie the functioning of modern society. Much like Donahue and Levitt in their book Freakonomics, Lott Jr. makes his point by making an unexpected claim and providing astonishing yet scientifically accurate evidence...
SuperFreakonomics is a book by Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner which serves as a follow-up to their previous work, Freakonomics. Their second work is built mostly around the premise of providing real-life examples of economic principles in a convincing and accessible manner. However, unlike the first work, which took advantage...
Abstract This paper provides the discussion of a training evaluation model that was selected for analyzing the success of the program implemented in EFG Amalgamated. The focus is on describing Jack Phillips’ evaluation model that provides information regarding the return on investment as the main measure to assess the initiative’s...
Introduction FDI is a form of “investment inflows that involve obtaining a lasting interest by a resident entity of one economy in an enterprise that is resident in another economy” (Reinert 2011, p. 67). The lasting interest means that a long-term relationship exists between a foreign investor and a local...
Introduction Democracy can be defined as a political regime that is characterized by the supreme power belonging to people. The opposition is an autocracy, which is a region where all the power belongs to one person. The promotion of democracy tends to boost hopes for the improvement of the level...
Article Discussion The article Advantages and disadvantages of IFRS compared to GAAP by Anna Jordan aims at giving a complete picture of the ongoing switch to the new reporting system in the United States. While the author does not summarize its statements or try to weight the listed arguments and...
Introduction Organizations in all industries are interested in maintaining their levels of competitiveness for continued delivery of value to their owners (shareholders). In fact, “any organization in today’s fast moving environment that is looking for the pace of change to slow is likely to be sorely disappointed” (Bertscherk and Kaiser...
During the last several decades, Russia has been one of the leading importers of agricultural products globally. The country developed business relationships with different countries and established trade agreements in different sectors. However, the geopolitical events of 2014 created certain changes in the relationships between Russia and other countries (Liefert...
What is GDP? Gross domestic product (GDP) is a measure of the value of all services and goods produced in a certain period of time. If GDP is negative, the contraction of the economy occurs, while if it is positive, the growth of the economy is observed (“Gross Domestic Product,”...
In most cases, if it is about financial pyramids, unstable, and usually rather weak market economies are meant. At the same time, when financial relations were not yet typical for the population, and the majority of people started to master the capitalist principles of the market, the chances for fraudsters...
Introduction China’s Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is an organization intended to support infrastructural development in the region. Despite its evident positive implications, several major actors, including the U.S. and Japan, voiced their disproval of the endeavor. The following paper outlines three global connections related to the phenomenon. Economic Growth...
This paper is a summary of the Distinguished Lecture on Economics in Government: Exchange Rate Regimes: Is the Bipolar View Correct? article published in The Journal of Economic Perspectives in 2001. The article by Stanley Fischer describes the problems of reforming the global financial system. Precisely speaking, he notes that...
Recent Investments The presented article opens with a review of recent investments at the time of its writing. The authors state that the position of the United States as the largest investor and recipient of foreign direct investment is unique and only second to the European Union as a whole....
Introduction The modern world faces numerous problems that could not but impact the state of finances and economy of various countries. Moreover, the aftermaths of the world financial crisis are still significant and slow down the pace of economic development of different regions. Besides, Europe has always been taken as...
American society has to face a number of challenges in economics, politics, and healthcare. Human relationships depend on different factors, and economic factors play an important role. Society is divided on rich and poor, and this kind of inequality develops in the United States in its own way. During the...
“Middle East Oil in Uncertain Times” is a presentation by Bassam Fattouh, which is dedicated to the specifics of the dynamics in the global oil sector. The presentation reviews the most recent trends in the sector, provides illustrative examples, and makes relevant suggestions on the potential responses of the countries...
The problem of deficiency in relation to the national budget and financing the social spheres is typical for many countries. Therefore, the most controversial question is the choice between funding the social sphere and fighting the poverty in the country and improving the national defense. In spite of the fact...
Introduction Security measures can enhance the supply of goods and the transportation of people for trade. After September 11, attacks many people, companies and the government have been putting effort in protecting of U.S from terrorists attacks. The attacks greatly affected trade globally as the supply chain was affected due...
Introduction China is growing at an unprecedented rate in the history of the world. It stands to cause ripples in the world as its presence in various aspects of the global economy grows. The policies that the Chinese government makes going into the future have to reflect on a globalization...
Beijing: Role of Private Sector and Privatization The history of privatization in Beijing is somewhat recent, as the city entered the sphere of the market economy at the end of the twentieth century (Yang et al. 522). The market-oriented housing reform significantly affected the place of public housing in the...
Introduction Alhakimi and Peoples in their article “Foreign Direct Investment and Domestic Wages in the USA” from 2009 examine how foreign direct investment affects wages in the United States. The correlation between the two has been examined in a variety of articles with similar titles. In recent years, this question...
Marschall’s Economics Alfred Marshall was one of the most influential economists of the mid-nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth. His Principles of Economics brought ideas of supply and demand, production costs, and marginal utility into a coherent economic framework that is still relevant today. What is important to...
To explicitly analyze the current economic condition, it is vital to consider the financial status of major investment banks and financial institution in the United States of America. In a study by Lahart, (2007) ‘the financial institutions include: sub-prime and prime mortgages industries, Wall Street markets, the Lehman brothers, Citibank...
Introduction Foreign aid of different form and size has been given to a multitude of countries suffering from various crises. Since, in most cases, the amount of money provided as financial aid can be as large as several million dollars (or even several billion dollars in the long term), it...
Introduction Most governments across the world have applied some of the remedies prescribed by the 19th century economists. Some of the solutions applied include progressive tax rates, low population growth rates, minimum wage rates, and educational training. These remedies appear inadequate in preventing the prevalence of income inequality. Even in...
As different countries design and implement policies that intend to advance their economic standards, the global state of the economy affects the impacts of such policies. Evolutionary economic process depends on factors such as the spatial features, levels of technological awareness, and availability of infrastructure. However, the numerous changes that...
Introduction When it comes to assessing the significance of a particular literary work, concerned with the matters of political economy, it is important to define the measure of the contained ideas’ systemic integrity, in the sense of how they correlate with the ’cause-effect’ (or dialectical) principle of analytical reasoning. The...
Introduction It is necessary to mention that the influence of the capitalist market economy on impoverished working people is the topic that has been actively discussed over the last few years. Karl Marx and Adam Smith are two prominent figures whose works are praised and commonly studied. A contrast between...
GDP growth is a standard economic indicator that is used to measure the economic growth in a country by dividing the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by the number of the country’s citizens. The higher the GDP, the better is the country’s economic performance and, presumably, the quality of life in...
Introduction A handful of merits of targeting customers in emerging markets are identifiable since the inception of such a strategy by business enterprises. The form of the target is often based on the approach proposed and justified by Professor C.K Prahalad, who has a heart for admirable business. The recent...
International expansion is a process of creation of a single world market, based on the exchange of goods and capital, broader access to foreign goods; active development of trade and industrial relations, widening the cultural exchange, the increase of information flows between geographically remote regions. It goes without saying that...
Introduction The concept of fair trade is typically viewed as beneficial to buyers. Indeed, the very concept of fair trade implies that no overpricing should occur when carrying out essential financial transactions between the suppliers and the producing companies (Delgado 2013). Therefore, the phenomenon of fair trade encourages sustainable development...
Introduction Microfinance in its basic definition refers to a concept of providing small loans to the underprivileged people to help them in establishing a range of income generating activities with an aim of getting them out of poverty. For more than 30 years, microfinance has been touted as an important...
The Power Shift in State/ Firm Bargaining The relationship between states and multinationals is rather important. Even though there is no way to determine the effect of development on multinationals, one should not overlook the fact that the vital part of this relationship is how government arbitrates this relationship (Haslam...
Financial crisis 2008 is a critical debate today due to its significant effects on the economy. Most importantly is the fact that there exists a close connection between financial crises and liquidity of banks. The study will demonstrate that before the crises the banking sector experienced an unusual positive creation...
Introduction: The Digital Age and Its Challenges The recent technological breakthrough that has been witnessed over the past few decades has clearly heralded a new epoch. A range of IT innovations, particularly, those that allow for global communication, has become ubiquitous, altering people’s lives on a variety of levels. However,...
In 2008, the global financial crisis took place. It had started with the financial meltdown in the US financial markets. It is considered that the crisis’s emergence is caused by multiple factors: the overall cyclic recurrence of the economy, the overload of the credit and the stock markets, the high...
Introduction Governments and international organizations spend a lot of money to sponsor a wide range of sporting activities, groups, individuals, and teams. This practice has been believed to transform the lives of many people in areas that have frequent sports and related functions. This happens to be the case because...
One of the major events of 2016 was Britain’s surprise decision to exit the European Union. Signaling major changes in the British economy, Brexit had immediate consequences for the political and economic stability of the region. However, as the process of Brexit will take quite some time to complete, it...
Balanced Government Budget A balanced government budget is a budget, in which expenditures are on the same level as revenues; however, a budget can also be considered balanced if the expenditures are smaller compared to revenues. In this environment, there is generally no deficit, although there could be a surplus...
The Group of Twenty unites the leaders of twenty major world economies and is aimed at promoting the cooperation able to improve the international financial stability. As the G20 economies comprise nearly eighty percents of the world trade, the annual summit plays a vital role in setting the trends for...
