The Lead Poisoning Issues and Massachusetts Legislation

Introduction The amount of attention brought to the issue of lead poisoning in the United States cannot be overestimated. The latter specifically concerns children. In that regard, despite the government ban on the use of lead-based paint in 1978, yet, as the 1991 issue of Newsweek stated, “lead poisoning is...

Investigating the Relation Between Law and Morality

Introduction Law and morality are two regulatory frameworks that control and manage practices in a human network to permit amicable and successful intersubjectivity between people. The two notions have a corresponding relationship in the ideas of individual self-rule and equivalent regard for everybody. There is an association between law and...

The England Crime Statistics by Region: Liverpool and Manchester

Liverpool and Manchester Contrasted Introduction Crime has always been one of the most serious issues that the human society has ever faced. During the centuries of its history, the mankind has been trying to eliminate and fight crime, but the research results by various scholars prove that the outcome of...

Compensatory Justice Effectiveness in Modern Legal System

Our legal system should not provide compensation to victims as a form of justice against crime. Compensatory justice entails exchanging resources between a victim of injustice and perpetrators. For instance, a victimized person is compensated with financial resources to mitigate likely harm intended against a guilty individual (Christie, 1981). Legal...

The Trial Process and Procedures

Introduction The modern practice of law is a culmination of rituals that have been in existence for a long time and has evolved through the years to cooperate with other rituals from foreign lands. Trial procedures are uniform all over the land. Trials are of many types. They could be...

Criminal Law – Is Graffiti a Crime or Not?

Graffiti as a crime Graffiti naturally describes the round paintings, a wide assortment of markings and sketches that disfigure concealed property. The unlawful writing is normally done on walls of cities, streets, buildings among others. Graffiti is currently a major issue in big cities and towns ranging from all perspectives....

Criminals: Are There More Men or Women?

Introduction Criminality seems to be an inseparable part of humankind’s history, which has been inextricably linked to human activity for centuries. As soon as primitive people mastered the tools, they began to use them for creativity and the deliberate killing of their tribesmen. The history of crime has many of...

Attempted Bank Robbery Criminal Justice Case

The suggested case describing the plan to commit a crime of bank robbery is characterized by several elements that are commonly identified in crime attempts. Firstly, the two friends engaged in the planning, which implies their clear intent to commit a crime. Indeed, they found and studied the plan of...

Pepperidge Farm Case: Gitson v. Trader Joe’s Co.

Large companies must protect their brands because otherwise, there may be problems with proving their intellectual property. The reason why small organizations do not protect their products or business names is that often they do not expect that someone will copy them. However, if a small business failed to legally...

Various Issues Related to White-Collar Crime

Introduction In the recent past, there has been a rise in the rate of various crimes globally. This is more so with regards to white collar crime a kind of crime that involves diverse criminal offenses that are non-violent in nature, and usually related to fraud and other illegal financial...

The United States Constitution and Its Principles

The establishment of the United States is a remarkable event for world history. In 1774, thirteen English colonies began military operations in the struggle for independence and reached their goal on July 4, 1776 (Bodenhamer 12). This is the date of the formation of the new sovereign state of the...

Independent Contractors and Amazon: A Legal Study

According to labor law, independent contractors are guaranteed multiple rights such as the right to contract, choose where to work, how to work, and manage their own business. As an independent contractor, Amier enjoyed working for Amazon and was appalled when the company banned his account without any apparent reason....

The Pros and Cons of Restorative Justice Model

Restorative justice means a form of justice system which sees crime as an interference with community harmony and relationships and thus should be dealt with in the community through involvement of the victim, community as a whole, and the offender. Restorative justice is a strong model of justice due to...

Juvenile Court Philosophy: the Parens Patriae Doctrine

Introduction The Parens Patriae doctrine has become widely adopted in the juvenile system as advocates of such a system assert that juveniles are heavily influenced by their developmental context. On the other hand, the get tough moment believes in holding juvenile offenders responsible for their wrongs. Summaries of the two...

Labor Law in the UAE and the United States

Introduction Labor law deals with the (legal) rights and obligations of workers and their employers. They provide a common basis in which the employer is able to form a lasting relationship with his employees. If an employee feels that he is being denied his rights or that the employer is...

Medical Negligence Case Study

Summary of the Case with Critiques The outbreak of the COVID-19, commonly known as the coronavirus disease, has created new challenges to healthcare institutions in the United States, especially those that offer care to the elderly. The case study shows that hospitals, skilled nursing centers, and personal care homes are...

The Sekmadienis Ltd. v. Lithuania Court Case

Sekmadienis Ltd. v. Lithuania concerned a lawsuit filed by the Lithuanian Government against the advertising company. According to the lawsuit, the religious feelings of believers were offended by promotional materials associated with Christianity. As a substantiation, the appeals of individual citizens were used. However, the plaintiff’s claims were biased under...

Should Casinos Be Legal in Texas?

Introduction Casinos are heavily regulated in the United States and Texas, in particular. The state prohibits the opening of such businesses and regularly challenges Native American casinos, which tend to operate at the edge of the law, legally. However, there is substantial pressure from the state’s population as well as...

Bibliography on Criminal Justice

There is a glut of information available both in print media and internet digital content, elaborately touching on criminology and the criminal justice system. Criminology deals with the felony committed in society, its punishment, and defense for the offended. The criminal justice system seeks to bring harmony in society, to...

Frontiero v. Richardson 1973: The Landmark Case

Introduction The United States has a long history of gender-based discrimination on various issues including voting rights, property ownership, and in the workplace among other related cases. Before 1973, this pervasive nature of sex-based prejudice was common in the military where servicewomen did not enjoy the same benefits as their...

Effect of the Law on the Human Resources Process

Introduction The success of an organization is largely dependent on forces external to it and operating in a global external environment. For the effective implementation of managerial functions, it is necessary to understand the effect of these forces. Organizations have to adapt to changes in the environment and accordingly adjust...

Case Review: Marbury v. Madison

There are many landmark cases in the United States that are still being referred to by courts today. One of those cases is the Marbury v. Madison court case. The case established that the judicial department has absolute power to review any laws passed in the country and determine whether...

Criminology: The Social Control Theory

Most criminologists used to take conformity, or compliance with social rules, for granted deeming it as a natural part of what it is like to be a human. As shown by Freud, there is always a certain tension between the needs of an individual and the needs of society. Though...

The Work for the Dole Policy Program: Review

The Work for the Dole policy program is an effectively compulsory measure to receive the JobSeeker Payment and satisfy the mutual obligation requirement for the unemployed. Regarding the Work for the Dole program, I am arguing that it should not be obligatory as the non-voluntary nature results in negative outcomes...

Case Brief on State of California versus O. J. Simpson

Introduction American litigation is known for several landmark proceedings, which were widely covered in newspapers, television, and social networks. In the late 20th century, the People of the State of California v. Orenthal James Simpson case thundered in Los Angeles, California, which became one of the most protracted trials in...

Defense Support of Civil Authorities and Decisive Actions

DOD’s role in Defense Support of Civil Authorities The U.S. Department of Defense is a government agency that is the government’s executive arm and is responsible for coordinating, monitoring, and executing functions related to U.S. national security. In other words, the Department of Defense is responsible for ensuring the country’s...

DRM: The Good, the Bad and the Downright UGLY

Digital rights management (DRM) is necessary to a point to keep honest people honest. However, there are places where it has gone too far and the production and distribution companies are trying for, even more, looking for a cash cow. In an industry where record companies, publishers, and other artistic...

Crime Situation in Bankstown-Australia

Bankstown- The City Bankstown is a local government area that traces its beginnings back to the year 1797 when the then Governor Hunter decided to recognize the lofty character of the plant specialist and scientist Sir Joseph Banks. It is from this plant scientist that the town got its name....

Human Rights Problem of Domestic Help in El Salvador

Introduction The Republic of El Salvador is situated in the continent of Central America. Sharing borders with Honduras and Guatemala, it lays on the shores of the Pacific Ocean (Edward H. Lawson 1996, 426). The country covers a geographical area of 20,742 sq. km. (8,008 sq. mi.) with varied topographical...

Criminological Theories Assessment and Personal Criminological Theory

The Merriam Webster Online Dictionary (2008) describes criminology as “the scientific study of crime as a social phenomenon, of criminals, and of penal treatment”. The definition suggests that criminology has a more of a social basis, while some criminal theories posit that crime may have causal factors other than social....

The Freedom of Information Act 2000 in the UK

The Freedom of Information Act 2000 (hereinafter referred to as The Act) is a statute enacted by the UK Parliament. It is an instrument meant to implement and put into place the Freedom of Information legislation and give the same a national outlook in the UK. The most basic of...

Commercial Law: Sprod v Public Relations Oriented Security

Introduction According to contemporary law vicarious liability is regarded as the liability of one person for the torts committed by another person. The wrong-doer is of course, liable to the injured person but another person may be jointly liable with him to compensate the injured party. The law states that...

International Criminal Law and Measures

Executive summary The aspect of international crimes has become a major area of focus for lawmakers since 1990, due to escalation in organized crimes in the post-boom technology and e-commerce deployed global environment. Large-scale criminal activities, syndicated or otherwise, became major concerns for law enforcers the world over, with special...

Human Resources Process and Legal Requirements

Introduction The workplace presents a delicate surrounding that is full of different types of personalities and risks. The varying demands of safety, comfort, and work-life balance generate numerous problems for human resource managers. The practices of human resource departments have assisted in the creation of safe and comfortable environments for...

Code of Professional Responsibility for Lawyers

Introduction Professional ethics is that code of conduct, which various professions have to observe primarily with themselves and the public in general. Code of ethics, which has to be observed primarily with themselves, with the public at large, with their clients and courts during the period of their profession, is...

The Case of Curtis Flowers

Introduction The case of Curtis Clowers is one of the most outstanding among Supreme Court cases reviewed in the last two decades. Curtis Giovanni Flowers (born May 29, 1970) is an African-American man who has been on trial six times for the same crime in the state of Mississippi, United...

Prison Reform in the US Criminal Justice System

The topic of prison reform has been highly debated as the American Criminal Justice System has failed to address the practical and social challenges associated with incarceration as well as the reentering of ex-prisoners into society. The existing methods of punishment for crimes do not address the constructive culture necessary...

Road Speed Limits Importance

Many drivers can find speed limits to be annoying, distracting, or lacking any meaningful contribution to road safety. However, there is an alarming trend that reveals the increase in the number of road fatalities in the past few years (Farmer, 2019). I believe that human lives must be put above...

The Bill of Rights: Foundation and Modern Debates

Introduction This week’s assignment was to visit the website of the National Archives and to select a founding document of the United States. These papers are at the core of the nation and continue influencing numerous aspects of its functioning. The example I chose is the Bill of Rights, a...

Robert A. Dahl’s Analysis of the American Constitution

Introduction The American Constitution is one of the documents many citizens do not take for granted. Although some people believe that its framers were inspired, wise, and philosophical, many scholars still question their original intentions. This paper gives a detailed summary and analysis of Robert A. Dahl’s arguments. The discussion...

Violence in the Caribbean Virgin Islands

Abstract Violence remains a major problem in different regions and islands across the Caribbean. This kind of malpractice affects the integrity of the entire society and discourages people from pursuing their economic and social goals. The paper focuses on the nature and effect of gang violence in the Caribbean and...

Mitchell v. Wisconsin: Fourth Amendment Violation Case Analysis

Cases of unreasonable searches made by the representatives of the law entail serious litigation since the violation of the Fourth Amendment on the right to uninterested and warranted data collection might be proven. As an example for analysis, the case Mitchell v. Wisconsin (2019) will be reviewed. The critical problem...

Cognitive Bias in Robin Adams’ Murder Case

Cognitive bias could be highly detrimental to the criminal investigation process. One of the first steps to avoid different kinds of bias is to have knowledge of them (Ditrich, 2015). It is equally vital to be able to identify them. In this essay, Robin Adams’ murder case will be examined...

Legal Search and Seizure in the United States

Legal Aspects The principles of search and seizure are rather basic according to U.S. legal standards. The process starts with receiving a warrant that specifies the place and reason for the legal seizure of property. The latter, in turn, includes both tangible objects and information possessed by a physical or...

Third-Party Contract and Legal Rights

Introduction The aim of this paper is to analyze a case study on a third-party contract. The paper’s analytical focus will be on an intended beneficiary and their legal rights. Discussion Under contract law, a third-party beneficiary is a person who benefits when two parties to a contract fulfill their...

Dangers of Texting While Driving

Abstract According to a study conducted by LaVallee (2009), about 1.6 million auto accidents are directly linked to cellphone texting while driving. Even though people acknowledge that texting while driving is a major cause of accidents, they are not willing to restrain from such behavior voluntarily. In a bid to...

Judicial Precedent and Its Forms

Introduction Judicial precedent is a common law system by which a precedent serves as an authority, principle, or rule established in litigation formerly decided. This becomes a binding or persuasive precedent for lower courts or tribunals to follow in deciding future cases with similar facts or issues. The precedent appears...

Problem Associated with Undercover Police Investigations: Legal and Ethical Issues

Introduction Undercover activities have traditionally been used to target crimes involving corruption, drugs, pornography, and prostitution. This involves deception and involvement in illegal activity to gain evidence involving criminal activities. According to Marx (1988), “UCEs have worked to combat organized prostitution rings, the manufacture and distribution of drugs, street gangs,...

Chapter 8 of “Criminology Today” by F. Schmalleger

How does the process of social interaction contribute to criminal behavior? The first part of Chapter 8 “Theories of Social Process and Social Development” is dedicated to social process theories, which assume that social interactions can contribute to criminal behavior. From this perspective, criminal behavior is not something that people...

Gun Control Debate: US Laws, History, and Key Cases

Introduction One of the most controversial issues in American politics that have been going on for decades is gun control. Gun control refers to the set of laws that govern the manufacture, sale, transfer, possession, modification, and use of firearms by American citizens. In many countries, firearm policies are very...

Crime Scene Investigation Effect in Justice System

Abstract Movies have been known to influence popular culture in different parts of the world. Analysts believe that the “CSI effect” is one of the fruits of popular culture. The argument presented in this paper is that the effect has significantly influenced jurors in such a way that they ask...

Paternity Leave in the United States of America

Introduction President Obama once remarked that the United States is the only advanced country that does not provide paid parental leave to workers. Around 70 countries ensure paternity leave and 182 nations worldwide guarantee paid maternity leave, but the United States only ensures limited and unpaid parental leave. In this...

International Business Law, Its Role and Issues

Business law is a field that encompasses different aspects of commerce. The field focuses on laws that govern how businesses are managed, stated, or transferred from one party to another. Businesspeople should, therefore, be aware of the existing laws to have successful entrepreneurial activities. Business law, therefore, embraces most of...

Integrity Issue in $20M Arkansas Hospital Negligence Case

Issue of Integrity The news clip chosen for this response is linked to a $20 million negligence verdict against Arkansas Children’s Hospital for the surgery performed on the wrong side of the brain of a 15-year old boy. As a result of the surgery, the boy was left severely brain-damaged....

The Implications of Decriminalizing Prostitution in Canada: A Societal Overview

Abstract Prostitution is one of the most ancient professions that attract criticism and praise at equal measures. The opponents of prostitution believe that it not only contributes to moral decadence, but also leads to erosion of cultural values. On the other hand, the proponents believe that it is a way...

Griggs v. Duke Power Company: Civil Rights Act Violation Case

In Griggs v. Duke Power Company case, African American applicants proved that the company violates the Civil Rights Act while hiring in prestigious positions. In particular, the statistical data showed that the human resource management of the company required from candidates the obligatory presence of the Higher Education Diploma and...

Contract Agreement Between Abu Dhabi Government and Borat Construction Company

Contract Agreement The agreement is made between the Abu Dhabi Government (hereinafter ADG) and the Borat Construction Company (hereinafter BCC). The BCC agrees to build the project within two years from the day of signing the agreement. The ADG agrees to pay ten billion (10,000,000,000) AED upon the completion of...

The Case of Native Women’s Association of Canada vs Canada

The case of Native Women’s Association of Canada v. Canada, [1994] 3 S.C.R. 627 came before the Canadian Supreme Court as a result of the Charlottetown Accord negotiations. The native people of Canada were widely represented by various interest groups and funded by the Canadian government. However, the Native Women’s...

Analysis of Sentencing Policies for Drug Offenses: Trends and Reforms

Purpose The goal of this paper is to discuss the sentencing policies on drug offences. In this case, one should speak about the crimes related to the use, possession, and transportation of prohibited substances. In turn, it is important to explain how the courts should approach such cases. Much attention...

Amending the Constitution of the U.S.

The Constitution of the U.S. is its supreme law, as it controls the whole country through its government. Thus, the power of the country is “divided into three branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial” so that it is balanced (Kozak, p. 206). It was adopted in 1787 and has been...

Human Trafficking: Modern-Day Slavery and Global Crisis

Introduction One of the most significant problems faced by the global community in modern times is human trafficking. This activity, which involves recruitment and transportation of people with the aim of exploiting them, has been condemned as “modern-day slavery”. Organizations such as the USAID denounce it as a crime against...

The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Guidelines

Introduction The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) provides guidelines for government procurements. It stipulates various consequences and penalties that are imposed to defaulters of federal contracts. The FAR also outlines performance requirements, procedures for notification, and delay provisions. Furthermore, it contains guidelines that are followed while changing terms and conditions of...

Administrative Justice in United States

Introduction Administrative agencies affect the rights of private parties either through adjudication or rule-making. Procedural fairness helps the agencies to arrive at judgments that are fair to all the parties in the case. Usually, the decision-maker is concerned with the method of analyzing the testimonies brought before them and other...

Labor Issues: Are Americans Overworked?

Introduction Human beings around the world have to work in a bid to earn a living. It is an important aspect of human survival, and even the Holy Bible advises people to work, and anyone who does not work is advised not to eat probably because the earth is no...

Prison Contraband: Prevalence, Risks, and Consequences of Smuggling

Introduction Restricting prisoners’ access to a range of unsafe or illegal goods is an obvious measure necessary to maintain discipline in prisons. However, given the inmates’ propensity for deviant behavior and breaking the rules, it is not surprising that contraband is a common problem in prisons. The proliferation of cigarettes,...

Tort Law Case: Negligence and Nuisance in Sunshine Yoga v. The Friendly Dawg

Introduction Scenario The Friendly Dawg, a pet supply store run by Dave Dawg, expanded from selling supplies to live animals despite the lease limiting the business to supplies only. Noise and safety issues, including an escaped snake, disrupted neighboring tenant Sunshine Yoga, whose owner Jasmine claimed health problems, loss of...

Insider Trading Laws and U.S. Regulatory Framework

Introduction Insider trading involves workers of a public firm who have access to nonpublic, material information on the organization, purchase or sell securities, or influence trading in the organization’s stock or other securities. It can be legal or illegal, depending on when the insider completes the trade and the country’s...

Human Trafficking in Azerbaijan: Improving Victim Identification

Background Research Question What significant steps must be taken to improve the process of identification in Azerbaijan and adapt to the best practices in the international sphere, which will minimize the negative impacts on the victims of human trafficking? Problem Overview Human trafficking has been a global, international problem that...

Seat Belt Safety Laws in America: Adult and Child Regulations

Introduction This paper discusses seat belt safety laws for both adults and children in America. American adult citizens must wear safety belts at all times when traveling in a motor vehicle. Some states have primary and secondary laws depending on whether an individual occupies the front or rear seats. Children’s...

Graham v. Florida: Ruling on Juvenile Sentencing Without Parole

Question Is it constitutional to sentence a juvenile to life imprisonment without parole for a non-homicide crime? Background Terrance, the petitioner, Jamar Graham, was found accountable for attempted armed robbery as well as armed burglary. Graham committed the incriminating acts when he was just 16 years old. He was initially...

Loeber’s Multiple Pathway Model and Childhood Development of Criminal Behavior

Model Description Loeber’s multiple pathway model is one of the theories of crime with high validity. The fundamental principle of Loeber’s speculation gives an idea of how criminal behavior starts during the childhood developmental stage and predicts where it can lead. In this model, there are three levels of how...

Counterfeit Goods in International Business: Intellectual Property Challenges and Legal Cases

Strategies for Protecting Intellectual Property in International Business While the international business community is already fighting against counterfeit production, more can still be done to protect its intellectual property (IP) rights. It could involve lobbying for stricter regulations in emerging markets, especially those with lax anti-piracy regulations, such as India...

Key Differences Between Civil and Criminal Law and Their Roles in Justice

Introduction The legal system consists of different aspects that ensure its excellent performance. Each branch of this system aims to solve different types of conflicts, so different laws were created to address each type of conflict accurately. The two main branches of law are criminal and civil laws. Both laws...

Ending School Segregation: Brown v. Board of Education Landmark Case

Introduction The Brown case concerned racial discrimination against children at school. This case combined five cases from different states where the plaintiffs alleged discrimination against schoolchildren. Moreover, the case was considered a class action in the first instance. The Kansas Court of First Instance agreed that racial segregation of public...

Jury Instructions and Probation Conditions for Fair Trials and Effective Rehabilitation

Judicial Instructions to Juries at the Start of Trial In some jurisdictions, judges instruct the jury about their general responsibilities and duties at the beginning of the trial, while in others, such instructions are given only after the presentation of evidence. I favor the approach of a judge instructing the...

Evaluation of Red Light Camera Enforcement in Oxnard, California by Retting et al.

Study Description In many localities, the use of red light cameras to enforce adherence to traffic signals is becoming more common. Through deterrents and punishment, these cameras seek to alter driver behavior to decrease motor vehicle accidents brought on by disregard for traffic signals. The study by Retting et al....

Legal Protection and Insanity Defense in Criminal Law: A Controversial Dilemma

Personal Perspective on the Insanity Defense From a personal perspective, the reasonableness of legal protection because of insanity may be regarded as a highly controversial question. On the one hand, according to the M’Naghten rule established in 1843, an individual cannot be legally accountable for murder if he cannot understand...

McKeiver v. Pennsylvania: Jury Trial Rights and Juvenile Justice Constitutionality

Introduction McKeiver v. Pennsylvania revolved around the constitutional rights applicable to cases implying juveniles’ participation. Thus, the central issue can be formulated in the following way: Does the Constitution, precisely the Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial, apply to juveniles and state delinquency proceedings? Case Background The case revolves...

Canadian Business Law: Partnerships, Debt Security, and Intellectual Property

Introduction Canada has various laws that regulate business operations and the relationship between firms and individuals. The policies define different types and levels of business ownership and each player’s role, from directors to the lowest level. In addition, the Canadian laws spell out the methods of securing loans, define both bankruptcy...

Constitutional Guarantees and the Ongoing Fight for Women’s Rights in the U.S.

Introduction The American constitutional framework of human rights and liberties was formed based on the doctrine of natural law. It proceeds from the principle that a person has rights endowed by the very fact of his existence. In other words, recognizing a person’s natural and inalienable rights is the most...

Roe v. Wade Overturn: Abortion Laws, Moral Debates, and Social Impact

Introduction Abortion is one of the most controversial social issues facing American society and the world at large. While some find it unethical for a woman to perform an abortion, others consider it a matter of personal choice. Initially, in the U.S., abortion was considered a personal liberty following the...

Legal Analysis of Burden of Proof in In re Winship Juvenile Delinquency Case

Statement of the Issue of the Case The issue of the case is whether Samuel Winship is guilty of stealing or innocent of the deed. More narrowly, the issue is whether the respondent’s deed should be considered under the ‘preponderance of evidence’ stipulation enacted in civil courts or under the...

Sandy Hook Elementary School Shooting and Community Impact

Community Impact of Mass and School Shootings The massacre at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut, on December 14, 2012, is one example of a mass shooting that took place more than a year ago. The neighborhood was left with deep scars from this horrific incident that are still...

Challenges of Investigating Murder Disguised as Suicide

The Most Challenging Type of Crime to Investigate and Its Complexity I think that the most difficult crime to investigate would be murder disguised as a suicide, primarily if the victim were known to have struggled with mental disorders. At the same time, some crimes are usually easier to identify...

Structure and Judicial Selection in U.S. State Court Systems

Structure of State Courts The state court system is organized according to a unique mechanism. Each state has its own court system, which includes the organization, processes, and rules governing court cases in that state. State courts are structured differently and differ in regulations, judicial decisions, and procedures. Selection and...

Diversion Strategies for At-Risk Youth: Parenting, Mentoring, and Justice Programs

Introduction Today, many youths are at risk of being involved in criminal behaviors or facing other delinquency-related risks, such as dropping out of school. This youth group is becoming a significant concern for various stakeholders, particularly the ones in the education sector. Due to the advanced consequences that at-risk youth face,...

Supreme Court Rulings on Sedition and Symbolic Speech in the U.S.

Introduction The First Amendment of the United States Constitution, in particular, has consistently upheld the right to free expression as a crucial component of its democratic structure. However, this liberty only applies within a set of constraints. Sedition and symbolic expression are two types of communication that will be examined...

At-Will Employment: Rights, Exceptions, and Legal Protections

Introduction A legal form of employment contract known as at-will employment is one in which an employer may fire a worker for any reason or no reason, so long as the cause is not unlawful, such as prejudice or retribution. In other words, in a situation where employment is at-will,...

Comprehensive Overview of Tort Law: Principles, Types, and Social Functions

Introduction Tort law is an academic discipline belonging to the fundamental part and is compulsory for legal specialty students. This course aims to provide a wide range of knowledge to master’s students in legislation regulating the relations on the commission of torts. The purpose of mastering the discipline is the...

Probation as a Criminal Justice Response: Rehabilitation vs. Punishment

Introduction Probation is one of the possible solutions of the judicial system in response to committing a crime. This means the court has found the defendant guilty but does not impose real imprisonment if the defendant meets certain conditions. Instead, the defendant may receive probation or mandatory community service. The...

Pregnancy Disclosure, Employee Rights, and Legal Risk in South African Law Firms

Introduction Legal Elite Incorporated (LEI), a law firm, interviewed Pretty Precious (PP) for the position of candidate attorney. While the interview went genuinely well, and no questions related to non-working aspects were posed, PP was planning to have a child. In other words, being eight weeks pregnant, she did not...

COVID-19 and Employer-Employee Rights in the Retail Industry

How the Pandemic Created Labor Issues Significant concerns with employer-employee rights and policies have arisen globally as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Some more precise examples include the following. Safety and Health at Work Companies are required to take all necessary precautions to protect their workers from COVID-19 exposure,...

Postconviction DNA Testing Assistance Program: Justice Through Forensic Technology

Introduction The Postconviction DNA Testing Assistance Program is a grant initiative that provides States with funding to cover the cost of postconviction DNA testing. The program authorizes funds in cases involving violent felonies as defined by State laws (National Institute of Justice, 2018). Postconviction DNA testing has attracted considerable interest...

Merit-Based Judicial Selection: Ensuring Independence from Political Influence

Introduction Judicial selection systems are a significant part of the legal community. There are many methods by which judges can be selected. These include executive appointments, legislative appointments, gubernatorial appointments, non-partisan elections, partisan elections, and merit selections (Kahn, 2019). With these various methods, numerous research studies have shown that different...

Restorative Justice: Principles, Processes, and Its Role in Modern Legal Systems

Introduction Restorative justice focuses on reconciling the offenders and the victims. It involves three steps: encounter, reparative, and transformation. Encounter is the first step, where the parties involved reach out to one another to identify a better solution. Reparative is the second step, where the parties identify and pursue the...

California’s New Law to Reduce Distracted Driving and Its Potential Impact on Road Safety

Introduction The article “Can a Law Stop Distracted Driving? California Hopes to Find Out” by Jonah Engel Bromwich, published in The New York Times, covers a regulation approved in California to minimize distracted driving (Bromwich, 2017). The law compels drivers to place their smartphones on the dashboard or windshield to...

Restorative Justice vs. Harsh Sentencing: US Crime Policy Shifts in the 1970s

Abstract This paper describes the features of restorative justice practices in the 1970s in the United States. It will consider the peculiarities of the new approaches regarding the relationships between the victim and the defendant. In addition, the research paper will deal with the causes and nuances of the increased...

The Impact of Privacy Violations on Donors: A Case Study of Prop 8

Introduction To protect individual information, privacy is an essential right the state should grant every person. Violating individual discretion tends to deprive one of their moral autonomy and dignity. Exposure of the candidates’ details, as evidenced in Prop 8, can influence their future decisions, influencing them to make choices they...

Understanding the U.S. Common Law System and Policing History

Introduction The standard law system in the United States is relevant to United States citizens and people living or visiting the country; it is a fundamental principle of law in the country. This concept is historically based on English law and national rules adopted in the United States after the...

Debating the Age of Consent in the UK: Sexual Autonomy vs. Protection

Introduction Evaluating students’ performance is an important component of being an educator. Check-offs in skills labs can be extremely demanding for both students and professors. Students should not be permitted an unlimited number of attempts to pass a skill since this can lead to an over-reliance on repeated efforts and...

Berghuis v. Thompkins and the Right to Remain Silent: A Supreme Court Analysis

Introduction In the seminal case of Berghuis v. Thompkins, the United States Supreme Court dealt with Miranda rights’ nuances, mainly as applied to a suspect’s silence during an interrogation. What went to the heart was whether the invocation of the right to remain silent had to be explicit or whether...

The Crucial Role of Jurors in Upholding Justice

Introduction In a democratic society, no other institution to protect human rights than the court. The jury’s function in the justice process is a crucial and fundamental element of the justice sector. Jurors play a central role in securing a proper and equitable trial for individuals facing legal actions. Thus,...

Public Employees’ Right to Organize and Strike: Balancing Rights and Public Safety

Introduction Public employees, like private sector employees, should have the right to organize and the right to strike. These rights are fundamental to ensure that workers have a collective voice and can advocate for their rights and interests. However, there may be certain groups of public employees who should not...

Proposed Changes to Fair Labor Standards Act: Impacts on Minimum Wage and Overtime Regulations

Debate on Increasing Minimum Wage Changes to minimum wage and overtime payment regulations have been prominent discussion topics in the United States. The proposed revisions to the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) regarding these matters have garnered significant attention, with potential implications for employees and employers. Imagine a retail manager...

Advantages and Disadvantages of One- to Five-Year Contracts for Companies and Laborers

Introduction Contracts typically last one to five years, with three years being typical. The duration of a contract can have various advantages and disadvantages for both the company and the labor involved. One-Year Contract To begin with, a one-year contract gives both the firm and the workforce flexibility. It enables...

Legal Analysis of Davis Industries vs. Hunter Lighting Contract Dispute

Introduction In the ever-evolving landscape of business transactions, the case of Davis Industries (DI) and Hunter Lighting (HL) presents a compelling scenario where intricate negotiations, contractual commitments, and unforeseen circumstances converge. With DI seeking to upgrade its lighting fixtures to meet stringent energy conservation standards in California, the company’s journey...

Gender Differences in Delinquency: Exploring Societal and Behavioral Factors

Introduction The concept of delinquency, or the engagement in illegal activities, particularly by youth, is deeply intertwined with societal norms, cultural expectations, and gender roles. An intriguing question that arises in the study of delinquency is whether there are significant differences between male and female delinquency. If such differences exist,...

Treatment of Mentally Ill Prisoners in Los Angeles County Jails and the Legal System

Identification of a Social Problem Various social problems identify systematic issues related to the legal system and prison in Los Angeles. However, some are more acute than others, affecting hundreds of people. One example of the social problems that are now present in the legal system and prisons is the...

Differences Between Narcotics Legalization and Decriminalization

Introduction Nowadays, the issue of narcotics, legalization, and decriminalization is acute, with one group of people supporting both processes involving specific types of drugs and another group condemning both. At the same time, not all people understand that between the two terms the distinct differences exist, despite seeming to be...

The Benefits of Mediation in Legal Disputes: Cost, Privacy, and Cooperation

Introduction When facing legal disputes, people often have to choose between several options. In some situations, instead of going to court, parties decide to mediate the case with the help of a neutral mediator. This method is a productive and effective element of the legal process, and even if mediation...

Civil vs. Criminal Litigation: Differences in Burden of Proof and Defenses with Examples

Introduction The legal system, a cornerstone of societal order, operates on principles that distinguish between types of disputes and the means to address them. At the heart of this system lie two predominant forms of litigation: civil and criminal. Although integral to the administration of justice, both serve different purposes,...

Climate Change and U.S. Government Action: Addressing the Impact and Legal Framework

Introduction Climate change is the long-term average deviation of the Earth’s surface temperature, precipitation, and other climatic variables induced by human activity. This activity mainly includes the emission of greenhouse gases into the environment, such as methane, carbon dioxide, and others. This phenomenon is part of the Anthropocene, a proposed...

Legal Harassment Elements and HR (Human Resource) Implications in White v. Beltram Case

Introduction Harassment is a pervasive issue in workplaces, posing a significant threat to employees’ well-being and ability to excel professionally. Chapter 8 of our textbook delves into the legal dimensions of harassment, where four crucial elements come to light. These elements not only define harassment but also shed light on...

Power Distribution in the Criminal Justice System: The Role of Prosecutors

Introduction All branches of the criminal justice system play an essential role in maintaining public order. By cooperating among themselves, different departments, like the police, prosecutors, and judges, ensure that laws are enforced and punishments are determined for offenders. However, if we consider each branch of the criminal justice system...

The U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights: Pillars of American Democracy

The U.S. Constitution is a living document reflecting the collective aspirations and spirit of freedom, forming the cornerstone of American democracy. The Bill of Rights, comprised of the first ten amendments, was ratified in 1791 to safeguard citizens’ fundamental rights from any infringement by the government. These amendments are the...

The Role of the Department of Homeland Security in Addressing Natural Hazards

Introduction The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is essential in ensuring national security in the United States. In recent years, it has been necessary to prevent and combat terrorism and cybercrime. However, some experts claim that the Department should not be involved in natural hazards and threats. DHS’s Role in...

High Recidivism in Adult Males: An Issue in the Criminal Justice System

Introduction The criminal justice system is mandated to apprehend criminals and charge them for the wrongs committed. The wrongdoers are to be prosecuted, punished, and rehabilitated to make them responsible citizens. Recidivism is a criminal justice concept explaining the tendency of criminals to re-offend after they are released from custody....

Mitigating Counterfeit Goods in Catdom: TRIPS Compliance and Customs Solutions

Introduction This document offers suggestions and an analysis of the solutions intended to mitigate the serious problem of counterfeit merchandise inside the domain of Catdom. The current assessment is being carried out within the confines of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), and appropriate consideration is...

U.S. Constitution: Achievements, Challenges, and Executive Orders

Introduction The U.S. Constitution began operating in 1789 with six main goals. The goals of forming a strong union, domestic tranquility, promoting the general welfare, and providing common defense have been perfectly achieved. However, the goals of establishing justice for all and securing liberty for posterity have also been achieved....

The Role of Government Branches, Judicial Review, and Court Decisions in U.S. Law

Government In the United States, each governmental branch has distinct powers and responsibilities, working together to maintain a balance and ensure the government’s proper functioning. If one branch becomes too powerful, it can disrupt this balance and potentially lead to an abuse of power or the government’s breakdown (Schubert, 2022)....

United States v. Elwood et al.: A Case of Drug Trafficking and Juvenile Prosecution

Introduction This paper will critically examine the United States of America vs. Gerald Elwood, William Barnes, Jr., and Ernest Marrero. The three defendants in this 1993 case were accused of conspiring to possess cocaine with the intent to distribute it and possessing cocaine with the intent to distribute it (United...

The Role of Discretion in Decision-Making in the Justice System

Introduction The decision-making process in the justice system can be a challenge for professionals, as they usually significantly affect people’s lives. Discretion assumes that professionals involved can make decisions based on their judgment of the circumstances of the case. Despite the severity and importance of the laws, discretion makes it...

Court Ruling on Heather Juliano’s Arrest and Fourth Amendment Rights

Introduction At the center of the case are the arrest and subsequent searches of Heather Juliano, a passenger in a car that had been stopped for a possible seatbelt violation. The Court’s main concern was whether Juliano’s detention and the searches that were conducted on her were justified based solely...

Violation of Australian Consumer Law: Dogfrey Pty Ltd Case Analysis

Introduction Dogfrey Pty Ltd is a business corporation in Australia selling consumer products, including brand-new vacuum cleaners. Richard is the organization’s salesperson who engages the eighty-three-year-old June while purchasing a new vacuum cleaner. June explains the problem she faces at home and her favorable vacuum cleaner model. Richard introduces the...

Applying the May-Can-Should Model to Analyze the Affordable Care Act

Introduction A helpful tool for examining public policy choices is the May-Can-Should model. It requires thinking about what public servants could do and what they ought to do (video). The May-Can-Should paradigm will be applied to the context of federal policy in this article, especially the Affordable Care Act (ACA),...

Gun Violence in the US: Issues, Legislation, and Advocates’ Efforts

Introduction In the United States, Americans lose their lives to gun crimes daily. Gun violence refers to violent crimes like murder, suicide, and attempted suicide involving firearm use. Americans have debated gun laws for many years, and firearm use is a hot topic since it causes severe grievances and even...

Understanding the Goods Declaration Process for U.S. Home Use

Introduction Items purchased overseas for use in the United States (U.S.) by the resident must be disclosed using the Goods Declaring Procedure for Home Use in the United States. It encompasses shipments sent or delivered by courier from outside the country and transported into the United States. At the time...

The Impact of Mafias on Canadian Cities: A Focus on Ndrangheta and Montreal Crime Families

Introduction Canada, as one of the biggest countries, involves many multicultural communities. They have their traditions, cultures, features, and behaviors. With the growing level of these communities, the criminal rate started to rise, which resulted in the creation of unlawful groups called mafias. Their activity is spread nationwide, especially in...

Juvenile Delinquency and Correlation Analysis

Introduction Every individual seeks to find an explanation for every object and phenomenon surrounding him. Therefore, numerous conspiracy theories and foreign government notions are prevalent today. Human beings tend to seek out links and interdependencies where none exist and to seek out supporters of their illusions. That is why it...

Data Breach Response at Mountain Top View

Report: A Company’s Obligation to Report the Breach to Its Customers Introduction The term “ethics” is used to describe a set of guiding moral principles and values that help people and institutions behave in a way that is fair, just, and right. It entails considering how one’s activities could affect...

Abortion Legalization: Empowering Women’s Rights

Introduction In the United States of America, the issue of abortion has long been one of intense controversy. There are two sides to this debate: those in favor of abortion (pro-choice), who hold that each individual has the moral power to decide whether to live or die and those opposed...

The Politics of Prison Siting in Pocatello, Idaho

Introduction Most American states are struggling economically in the post-COVID-19 era. Such struggles are not new, given that the recession has been seriously undermining economic development. Pro-development groups insist that government projects can be used to revive the economy in selected areas. The idea was applied in Pocatello city in...

Burglary Under the New York State Penal Code

Introduction Tom Jones was angry after losing the election to Richard Davis. He went to his house while Davis and his family were away celebrating his victory and committed a burglary. Tom Jones broke a window into the home and stole $500,000 worth of antique jewelry. After grabbing them, he...

The District of Columbia v. Heller in 2008: Analysis

The American government has faced many cases by the Supreme Court in recent years. One of the most outspoken cases dealing with civil liberties was the District of Columbia v. Heller in 2008. This case represents the events connected with the civil rights of American citizens living in the District...

The Efficacy of Sex Offender Legislation

Introduction The prevalence of sexual violence has become a major social and public health issue throughout the United States and globally. The expression “sexual violence” encompasses various abusive behaviors, including sexual acts, attempted sexual actions, unwelcome sexual statements and utterances, coerced sexual approaches, physical injury connected to sexual, and intimidation....

Medical Practitioner’s Work Environment and Ethical Dilemma

Analysis of Work Environment ​Work environment The work environment consists of people from different cultural and professional backgrounds who use information systems to communicate and share information across computer networks. The people are of different age groups and educational backgrounds, moral and immoral behavior with ethical and moral behaviors across...

Solitary Confinement for Juveniles

Solitary confinement at any age is considered a severe ordeal in correctional facilities because it takes away social opportunities in many ways. Adolescents who end up in correctional facilities are there to make amends to the victims and to change their behavior to the right one in the future (Tedx...

The Legal Implications of Rap Music in Court

Introduction Music has been a powerful tool in society due to its ability to pass information. Over the years, music has been used for various reasons in society. It has been used not only as a source of entertainment but also as a source of information about the various issues...

Analysis of “Beyond False Positives” by Taylor

The article “Beyond false positives” by Taylor analyses one of the errors occurring in the US criminal justice system. The key question the author is addressing is the nature and probable typology of officer-involved shootings. The main theoretical point of view presented in the article is that of Kahneman, who...