The examination of universal and basic concerns such as presence, reason, wisdom, values, consciousness, and language is referred to as philosophy. These issues are frequently offered as issues to be investigated or handled. The concept of happiness is central to Ancient Greek and Roman beliefs, yet at the Dawn of the Medieval, people’s positions in society were predetermined, and their basic rights were essentially non-existent.
Ancient Greek and Roman cultures can be considered essential parts of the world’s philosophy and thought heritage. The primary difficulties for any philosophy are providing reasons why individuals should do the correct thing and justifying why they do it so often (Leahey, 2018). Socrates, like other Greeks, considered that happiness was the rightful purpose of life and that ethical conduct would produce happiness (Leahey, 2018). As a result, as did most Greeks, he supposed that since everyone seeks enjoyment, they automatically pursue virtue and that there was no necessity to present explicit reasons for doing right (Leahey, 2018). Thus, the main notion of Ancient Greek and Roman philosophies is related to happiness and its connections.
Since moral philosophers in Ancient Greece and Rome had no difficulty comprehending why individuals should behave properly, they concentrated on why they did not always do so. Socrates advocated an exceptionally intelligent solution to the problem of negative conduct, claiming that individuals only act badly when they are unaware of what is good (Leahey, 2018). In terms of this idea, it is feasible to suggest an example of how this approach can be applied to a real-world experience. For instance, a thirsty individual would not consume alcohol deliberately but under the mistaken impression that it was clean water. In other words, in real-world practice, a person can act inappropriately if he lacks no understanding of the good standard. Destructive deeds are only performed when the perpetrator is unaware of their negative repercussions.
The Middle Ages, often referred to as the medieval period, commenced with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and terminated with the Renaissance in European history. According to the Dawn of the Medieval, the roles in society of medieval individuals were predefined, God determined their position in the hierarchy of the world, and their basic rights were almost non-existent (Leahey, 2018). Individuals, highborn and lowborn alike, were supposed to be divided into types depending on social standing, with minds that operated according to laws specific to each category (Leahey, 2018). Concerning an application of this theory to real-world examples, for instance, the faith of devout and religious people in their initial predisposition in society and the impossibility of change reflects the conception.
To summarize, the central theme of Ancient Greek and Roman philosophy is the pursuit of happiness and its ramifications. Socrates proposed a very rational answer to the problem of bad behavior, saying that people only act poorly when they are uninformed of what is good. According to the Dawn of the Medieval, medieval people’s social positions were predetermined, and their basic rights were almost non-existent.
Reference
Leahey, T. H. (2018). A history of psychology: from Antiquity to Modernity. Routledge.