HIV Disease’s and Kaposi Sarcoma’s Relationship

Topics: AIDS, Disease, HIV, Relationship Words: 1303 Pages: 3

Description of the Steps Taken to Conduct Data Analysis

The relationship between KS and HIV has become increasingly ambiguous because of modern treatment methods for HIV (American Cancer Society 1; Bowling 7). In this paper, I sought to find out the relationship between the two variables. To do so, I analyzed data using SPSS (Argyrous 2-5; Verma 8). I used the Chi-Square test, Paired-sample T-test, and ANOVA tests to compare the variables and proportions of the data obtained. I also used frequency values and pie charts to analyze HIV and KS values. Comparatively, I used frequency (mean and median), the paired sample t-test, the ANOVA test (including Levene test) and correlation Pearson to analyze sbp1 and sbp2 values.

Summary of Statistical Findings

Case Processing Summary
	Cases
	Valid		Missing		Total
	N	Percent	N	Percent	N	Percent
HIV disease * Kaposi Sarcoma * Sex or Gender	78	100.0%	0	0.0%	78	100.0%

*HIV disease Kaposi Sarcoma * Sex or Gender Cross tabulation**
Sex or Gender				Kaposi Sarcoma		Total
Sex or Gender				No	Yes	Total
Female	HIV disease	No	Count	15_a	9_a	24
			Expected Count	14.5	9.5	24.0
			% within HIV disease	62.5%	37.5%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	65.2%	60.0%	63.2%
			% of Total	39.5%	23.7%	63.2%
		Yes	Count	8_a	6_a	14
			Expected Count	8.5	5.5	14.0
			% within HIV disease	57.1%	42.9%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	34.8%	40.0%	36.8%
			% of Total	21.1%	15.8%	36.8%
	Total		Count	23	15	38
			Expected Count	23.0	15.0	38.0
			% within HIV disease	60.5%	39.5%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
			% of Total	60.5%	39.5%	100.0%
Male	HIV disease	No	Count	10_a	15_a	25
			Expected Count	10.6	14.4	25.0
			% within HIV disease	40.0%	60.0%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	58.8%	65.2%	62.5%
			% of Total	25.0%	37.5%	62.5%
		Yes	Count	7_a	8_a	15
			Expected Count	6.4	8.6	15.0
			% within HIV disease	46.7%	53.3%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	41.2%	34.8%	37.5%
			% of Total	17.5%	20.0%	37.5%
	Total		Count	17	23	40
			Expected Count	17.0	23.0	40.0
			% within HIV disease	42.5%	57.5%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
			% of Total	42.5%	57.5%	100.0%
Total	HIV disease	No	Count	25_a	24_a	49
			Expected Count	25.1	23.9	49.0
			% within HIV disease	51.0%	49.0%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	62.5%	63.2%	62.8%
			% of Total	32.1%	30.8%	62.8%
		Yes	Count	15_a	14_a	29
			Expected Count	14.9	14.1	29.0
			% within HIV disease	51.7%	48.3%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	37.5%	36.8%	37.2%
			% of Total	19.2%	17.9%	37.2%
	Total		Count	40	38	78
			Expected Count	40.0	38.0	78.0
			% within HIV disease	51.3%	48.7%	100.0%
			% within Kaposi Sarcoma	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
			% of Total	51.3%	48.7%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests
Sex or Gender		Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)	Exact Sig. (2-sided)	Exact Sig. (1-sided)
Female	Pearson Chi-Square	.106^c	1	.744
	Continuity Correction^b	.000	1	1.000
	Likelihood Ratio	.106	1	.745
	Fisher’s Exact Test				1.000	.505
	N of Valid Cases	38
Male	Pearson Chi-Square	.171^d	1	.680
	Continuity Correction^b	.007	1	.934
	Likelihood Ratio	.170	1	.680
	Fisher’s Exact Test				.749	.466
	N of Valid Cases	40
Total	Pearson Chi-Square	.004^a	1	.952
	Continuity Correction^b	.000	1	1.000
	Likelihood Ratio	.004	1	.952
	Fisher’s Exact Test				1.000	.569
	N of Valid Cases	78
a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 14.13.
b. Computed only for a 2×2 table
c. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.53.
d. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6.38.

Risk Estimate
Sex or Gender		Value	95% Confidence Interval
Sex or Gender		Value	Lower	Upper
Female	Odds Ratio for HIV disease (No / Yes)	1.250	.326	4.788
	For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = No	1.094	.631	1.895
	For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = Yes	.875	.395	1.938
	N of Valid Cases	38
Male	Odds Ratio for HIV disease (No / Yes)	.762	.209	2.773
	For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = No	.857	.416	1.767
	For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = Yes	1.125	.635	1.992
	N of Valid Cases	40
Total	Odds Ratio for HIV disease (No / Yes)	.972	.388	2.437
	For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = No	.986	.631	1.541
	For cohort Kaposi Sarcoma = Yes	1.015	.632	1.628
	N of Valid Cases	78

HIV and KS Values

HIV Values

Kaposi Sarcoma

Statistics
		HIV disease	Kaposi Sarcoma
N	Valid	78	78
N	Missing	0	0

HIV disease
		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	No	49	62.8	62.8	62.8
	Yes	29	37.2	37.2	100.0
	Total	78	100.0	100.0
Kaposi Sarcoma
		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	No	40	51.3	51.3	51.3
	Yes	38	48.7	48.7	100.0
	Total	78	100.0	100.0

SBP1 and SBP2 values

Descriptive Statistics
	N	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	Std. Deviation	Variance
Systolic BP 1	78	61	143	108.94	16.308	265.962
Systolic BP 2	78	55	139	102.12	15.864	251.669
Age Group	78	1	7	3.35	1.458	2.125
Valid N (listwise)	78

Descriptive Statistics
	Mean	Std. Deviation	N
Systolic BP 1	108.94	16.308	78
Systolic BP 2	102.12	15.864	78

Correlations
		Systolic BP 1	Systolic BP 2
Systolic BP 1	Pearson Correlation	1	.978^**
	Sig. (2-tailed)		.000
	N	78	78
Systolic BP 2	Pearson Correlation	.978^**	1
	Sig. (2-tailed)	.000
	N	78	78
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

T-Test

One-Sample Statistics
	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
Systolic BP 1	78	108.94	16.308	1.847
Age Group	78	3.35	1.458	.165

One-Sample Test
	Test Value = 0
	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)	Mean Difference	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
					Lower	Upper
Systolic BP 1	58.998	77	.000	108.942	105.27	112.62
Age Group	20.271	77	.000	3.346	3.02	3.67

Paired Samples Statistics
		Mean	N	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
Pair 1	Systolic BP 1	108.94	78	16.308	1.847
Pair 1	Systolic BP 2	102.12	78	15.864	1.796

Paired Samples Correlations
		N	Correlation	Sig.
Pair 1	Systolic BP 1 & Systolic BP 2	78	.978	.000

Paired Samples Test
		Paired Differences					t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)
		Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
					Lower	Upper
Pair 1	Systolic BP 1 – Systolic BP 2	6.820	3.399	.385	6.053	7.586	17.718	77	.000

Descriptives
		N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error	95% Confidence Interval for Mean		Minimum	Maximum
		N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error	Lower Bound	Upper Bound	Minimum	Maximum
Systolic BP 1	0-9	8	106.34	22.043	7.793	87.92	124.77	61	132
	10-19	16	110.25	20.001	5.000	99.59	120.90	68	143
	20-29	21	106.71	12.435	2.714	101.05	112.37	89	134
	30-39	13	112.00	16.648	4.617	101.94	122.06	85	134
	40-49	15	106.05	15.247	3.937	97.61	114.50	84	133
	50-59	4	120.13	12.104	6.052	100.87	139.39	111	138
	60-70	1	114.57	.	.	.	.	115	115
	Total	78	108.94	16.308	1.847	105.27	112.62	61	143
Systolic BP 2	0-9	8	99.17	21.882	7.736	80.88	117.47	55	125
	10-19	16	102.50	20.154	5.039	91.76	113.24	62	139
	20-29	21	100.39	12.501	2.728	94.70	106.08	81	130
	30-39	13	105.07	14.635	4.059	96.22	113.91	79	124
	40-49	15	100.93	15.776	4.073	92.20	109.67	80	130
	50-59	4	108.92	9.326	4.663	94.08	123.76	102	123
	60-70	1	108.41	.	.	.	.	108	108
	Total	78	102.12	15.864	1.796	98.55	105.70	55	139

Test of Homogeneity of Variances
	Levene Statistic	df1	df2	Sig.
Systolic BP 1	.963^a	5	71	.447
Systolic BP 2	1.065^b	5	71	.387
a. Groups with only one case are ignored in computing the test of homogeneity of variance for Systolic BP 1.
b. Groups with only one case are ignored in computing the test of homogeneity of variance for Systolic BP 2.

ANOVA
		Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	Sig.
Systolic BP 1	Between Groups	964.798	6	160.800	.585	.741
	Within Groups	19514.270	71	274.849
	Total	20479.068	77
Systolic BP 2	Between Groups	492.982	6	82.164	.309	.930
	Within Groups	18885.519	71	265.993
	Total	19378.501	77

Works Cited

American Cancer Society. Kaposi Sarcoma. 2014. Web.

Argyrous, George. Statistics for Research: With a Guide to SPSS, New York, NY: SAGE, 2011. Print.

Bowling, Ann. Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services, London, UK: McGraw-Hill International, 2009. Print.

Verma, John. Data Analysis in Management with SPSS Software, New York, NY: Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. Print.