At the moment, one of the most relevant and dangerous diseases for society is HIV. Despite the fact that information about the prevalence and negative consequences of this disease is widely known, HIV continues to lead. In order to increase the effectiveness of the fight against this disease, it is necessary to establish its prerequisites. It is vital to analyze what HIV is and which population groups are most vulnerable to this disease.
Groups of Risk
First of all, it is necessary to start with the definition of the risk group, which is most susceptible to the appearance of the analyzed disease. This group includes adolescents leading an indecent lifestyle or having promiscuity. This is explained by the fact that after puberty, adolescents experience a surge of hormones, leading to increased sexual arousal (Osakwe, 2019). Often such individuals are not protected due to frivolity or lack of money. In other words, at a young age, teenagers are more likely to act recklessly, which leads to more unprotected sex (Mitchell et al., 2020). Among other things, HIV is widespread among drug addicts, that is, people leading an obscene lifestyle (Osakwe, 2019). In one case, contact with infected syringes occurs, where the virus enters the blood of an individual. In addition to the analysis of vulnerable groups, it is necessary to clarify what the disease is and why it is dangerous.
Explanation and Research of Disease
Moreover, it is worth noting that HIV is an incurable disease, which at the moment can only be transferred to the recession stage. This means that when infected, an individual acquires HIV for life. The disease itself is a virus that is aimed at destroying the immunity of an individual (Mitchell et al., 2020). The main feature of the disease is the absence of any symptoms and discomfort during infection, which allows the risk group to be unaware of the infection (Adebayo & Adewale, 2019). This aggravates the situation, because the universal ignorance already infected individual continues to spread the infection among peers. The disease is transmitted in three ways, namely, sexually, through the blood and genetically. Accordingly, the most common way of infection among adolescents is unprotected sex (Adebayo & Adewale, 2019). Separately, it is necessary to note the future evolution of HIV into AIDS, which is a lethal consequence for humans.
Unicef’ Graphics Analysis
For a more detailed analysis, it is necessary to refer to the graph of HIV infection in children and adolescents. According to a study by Unicef, there is a negative trend in the spread of the disease among the risk group (Unicef, 2021). In 2020, each sloth infected approximately 850 children, totaling 2.78 million in the same period (Unicef, 2021). In addition, it should be noted that among children who are able to experience sexual attraction, the number of HIV cases is more than doubling (Unicef, 2021). At the same time, genetic heredity as the cause of the disease is negligible, namely 46 thousand against 2.3 million (Unicef, 2021). Such statistics mean that children acquire the disease, and are not born with it. There is a trend toward an increase in the mortality rate among patients, which is predetermined by economic factors and the new COVID-19 pandemic (Unicef, 2021). Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the trends continue to have a negative direction, despite the active fight against the disease.
Conclusion
As a conclusion, it must be emphasized once again that HIV infection is an extremely dangerous disease leading to AIDS and the death of the patient. A key risk group are teenagers who have promiscuous sex and an indecent lifestyle. At the time of 2020, the trends are negative, namely, an increase in the number of patients is observed. The main source of disease among young people is unprotected sex and frivolity. The main reason for the continuation of the spread of the disease is the absence of primary symptoms and the ignorance of carriers about their infection.
References
Adebayo, T. T. & Adewale, A. O. (2019). Assessment of adolescents ́ sexual behaviour as a risk factor for HIV infection. GRIN Verlag.
Mitchell, A., Moore, S. & Rosenthal, D. (2020). Youth, AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases. Taylor & Francis.
Osakwe, G. C. (2019). Social determinants of health and knowledge About HIV/AIDS transmission among adolescents. iUniverse.
Unicef. (2021). Although strides have been made in the HIV response, children are still affected by the pandemic. Unicef Data.