Understanding Tillich and Caputo’s Theologies of Faith: Concepts of God and Existence

Tillich’s Theology of Faith God is the central notion of Tillich’s theology, and he aptly opposes all other concepts. From Tillich’s perspective, God is the power of being, which opposes non-existence. Moreover, God is the foundation of being, from which all beings proceed and in which all beings participate (Tillich)....

Abrahamic Religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

The videos ‘Mysteries of the Church: Judaism Christianity and Islam’ and ‘Islam Christianity Judaism, ONE GOD’ provide a comprehensive overview of the origins and similarities of the three Abrahamic religions. These religions originated in the Middle East but adhered to different tenets and customs. The films explain that the belief...

Bullying From Religious Perspective

I want to talk about the rising problem of bullying in the American educational system, how harmful these behaviors may be, and how to stop it in a way that pleases God. I want to bring up the social issue of bullying and persuade that solving the issue will contribute...

The Imago Dei as a Christian Concept

The Christian concept of the imago Dei is the belief that God created humans in His image, thus making us unique and special. It is a foundational belief in Christianity, and it has implications for how we should treat each other (Hobson & Edgar, 2019, pp. 33-43). This ideology is...

Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity

Religion is one of the driving forces of civilizations, which has inspired and guided people’s lives for thousands of years. Religions that people practice nowadays are not very different from the ones that were practiced millennia ago. For instance, the most well-recognized and ancient faiths of people in the Ancient...

Establishment of the Papal Supremacy in the Catholic Church

The papal supremacy is a doctrine of the catholic church that puts the pope and his office as the Vicar of Christ. Various popes contributed to the creation of papal powers during in the 6th century (St. Benedict). St. Damascus, one of the Bishops of Rome during the establishment of...

The Salvation of Humans by Jesus Christ

Introduction The history of our salvation and redemption in Jesus Christ makes it easier to understand who people are in this world and what they were created to be. The creation and fall of man mark the beginning of the history of salvation. Since the whole history of salvation depends...

Cross-Cultural Evangelism Strategies

Cross-cultural evangelism is the sharing of the gospel with people from other cultures. It involves getting to know people from other cultures, learning about their customs and beliefs, and then sharing the gospel with them in a culturally relevant way. An example of cross-cultural evangelism would be a missionary who...

Christian History of Brazil From Global Perspective

Brazil has the world’s largest Catholic population, indicating Christianity’s importance in developing this country. The history of this religion’s emergence and development in Brazil is directly related to the European influence on this country. In this aspect, the characteristics of the spread of Christianity are similar to other countries of...

Role of Buddhism in World Culture and the Formation of Worldviews

In view of the urgent problems associated with the environmental crisis, spiritual degradation, and information overload. Paying attention to the processes taking place in the modern world, one may come to the conclusion that the cause of the conflicts taking place in it comes from the contradictions that arise within...

The Incarnation of Christ: Theological Survey

The theory of the Incarnation of Christ is the central teaching of the Christian church. It says that God took a fleshly appearance and a human nature, incarnate in Jesus Christ. Christ personifies the divine nature, merged into one with human nature, and this fusion makes Jesus both a true...

Role of Gospel Essentials in Shaping Christians’ Beliefs

Introduction Benchmark—Gospel Essentials is a term used in Christianity to describe the core beliefs of the faith. These include the belief in one God, the need for salvation, and the importance of Jesus Christ. Gospel Essentials are often used as a benchmark against other beliefs. For example, when evaluating new...

Christian Theism, New Spiritualism and Pantheism

Introduction In today’s society, it is clear that there are various perspectives on the world. Many individuals believe that there is a greater power known as God (Christians), and others believe that the government should be the highest mode of authority (Marxists/Communists). While other groups suppose that, there should be...

Bar Mitzvah: The Ritual of Judaism

The Ritual Description The moment of transition from childhood to adulthood is celebrated in numerous religions. Every religion determines coming of age differently and puts specific criteria for adulthood. The concept of spiritual adulthood depends on how individual perceives themselves and what they consider the most important for themselves. Jewish...

Role of Jesus Christ in Religion

Jesus Christ is a prophet and religious leader, who founded Christianity. He is known as the Son of God, a part of the Holy Trinity in some denominations, or otherwise a physical incarnation of God. Based on Old Testament teachings, he is also the Jewish Messiah, a liberator of the...

Religion: Contexts and Characteristics

Religion has been studied for many years because it significantly influences people and history. In modern world various types of faith are presented to people. Some are very popular and massive, while others are only small formed local groups. Many religions today have different ideas so that modern people can...

The Acts 9:36-43 Passage Analysis

Correlation How the passage fits within the metanarrative of the Bible The story of Dorcas of Joppa is affiliated with the new creation multinarrative of the Bible. The description is about a woman who helped the poor, widows and was of an admirable heart. At one time, she died, and...

Christianity and Islam: The Central Ideas

Religion is a complex aggregate concept that includes particular mythology, a system of dogmas, cult and ritual actions, socialized religious institutions, and specific forms of relationship between believers and a religious organization. For each religion, all these moments have their specific semantic content, history of origin and further existence, and...

Respect and Tolerance for New Religions

I think that the age of religion is the characteristic of a person’s beliefs from which it should be decided if their faith should be respected. The primary principle to give respect to the beliefs, actions, and words of others is if they are disrespecting or hurting someone or not....

A Myth, Its Definition and Role for People

A myth is a metaphor for human behavior, culture, wisdom, and knowledge (Nagy 15). It is fitting that whether its subject is the acts of deities or other extraordinary events, a myth always takes us back to the beginnings of all things. However, you also mention that there is no...

“Putting Jesus in His Place” by Robert M. Bowman Jr. and J. Ed Komoszewski

The authors are familiar with theological studies as their careers are based on the same expertise. Robert M. Bowman Jr. is a Christian theology professor, that specializes in the study of apologetics. Bowman is a Ph.D. candidate at Fuller Theological Seminary, teaching apologetics and biblical studies at Luther Rice Seminary...

Change and Conflict Management in Church

Over the last few decades, the Christian church has been rocked with major sex scandals, which hints at the necessity to rethink modern leadership and place a greater emphasis on teaching morality. It can be argued that the cases that have made headlines have done so due to the type...

The Palace of David (Jerusalem)

According to many Jewish texts, King David was born as a shepherd and later became a mighty ruler in Israel. Historical facts outline that after slaying Goliath, the Philistine giant, came up with an army that went ahead to rule over Israel after the death of King Saul. When he...

Luther King’s “Letter From the Birmingham Jail”

Dr. King’s main argument was that Black Americans have been suffering from unjust laws and inequality for a long time and that it is now time to create a more fair society to benefit everyone. King explains this to his audience with these words: “Injustice anywhere is a threat to...

Indian Boarding Schools from Christian Missionary’s Perspective

The transformation of Tom Torlino reflects the righteous assimilation with American culture. Carlisle Boarding School, where he was studying, was a place highlighting Protestantism and ensuring the development of traditional American values within the representatives of the indigenous culture. The person in the picture accepted the Christianity ideas, following the...

Seated Buddha’s Meaning and Execution Style

Introduction A white marble Buddha sitting in a lotus pose on Mount Nakaked in the Chalonga district, guarding a temple dedicated to him. Believers come to him to worship and ask for health and wealth for themselves and their loved ones. It is pleasant to contemplate the sunset from the...

The Life of Jacobs Son Joseph in the Bible

Joseph is the son of Jacob and Rachel, who gave birth to him after seven years of infertility, the father of Menashe and Ephraim, the ancestors of the two tribes of Israel. The image of Joseph and his life have inspired Jewish, Christian, and Muslim art from time immemorial. Many...

The Galatians 4:1-7 Passage Analysis

For my exegetical paper, I chose a passage from Galatians 4:1-7, which focuses on explaining why Galatians do not necessarily need to follow the Law of Moses as God’s children. The passage presents a specific interest in dissection and understanding because Paul uses a complex allegory in the text. The...

The Role of a Christian Chaplain as a Counselor

Introduction The military chaplain is vital in the armed forces, providing army personnel with guidance and counseling, performing rites, and attending to their spirituality. Furthermore, a military chaplain is obliged to support anyone seeking it, disregarding a person’s denomination. While Christian chaplains do not minister outside their faith tradition in...

Philosophical Teachings History Analysis

Scholars unanimously agree that Nāgārjuna is arguably the most influential Buddhist philosopher, most likely second after Buddha. Nāgārjuna’s concept of emptiness (Sunyata) has dramatically influenced Indian philosophy among other regions around the world, including but not limited to Japan, Tibet, and China. According to Nāgārjuna, emptiness is something void, often...

Quran and Peace Interpretations

Introduction The primary goal of a Qur’an exegesis is to serve the book by explaining its meanings, clearing its ambiguities, and making it accessible to individuals of different backgrounds, ages, and races. Above all, Muslim commentators intended that their writings would benefit their readers spiritually and intellectually. They thought their...

Theory and Theology of Helping People

Introduction The theoretical approach of helping the people is found in biblical, Christian, and Church values different from the psychology of helping people. Helping behavior in social psychology entails assisting others voluntarily without expecting a reward in return. Some psychologists also use the social exchange theory to explain the concept...

Perceiving “The Holy Grail” in Le Morte D’Arthur and Idylls of the King

Introduction In the history of Christianity, symbolism has been a significant aspect of religion, with various objects, animals, and features playing an essential role in symbolizing different things. One of the most common symbols in the Christian faith is the ‘Holy Grail,’ which generally represents the vessel that Jesus and...

Divine Command Theory and Zagzebski’s Moral Argument

Introduction I think divine command theory is the idea that morality exists because a higher force, typically God or gods, says so. In other words, God’s commands determine the rightness and goodness of an action. Divine-command theory aspires to raise moral notions above the transient character of human desire and...

Scientology: Religion of Success or Pernicious Cult?

Financial Burden as one of the Cults Predominant Attributes Throughout the 1970s, cults became big businesses and a notable social event. However, there has never been any accurate coverage of Scientology in the disarray of books published on these unique religious movements. Nevertheless, its history is rich in outrageous and...

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

The Abrahamic religions are the most popular in the world. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are the three most famous of them. The word “Abrahamic” comes from the name of the biblical prophet Abraham, who lived about 4 thousand years ago. According to the Abrahamic tradition, Abraham was the first person...

Wise and Faithful Servants: Analysis of Parable

Jesus pledges to reward his disciples in the parable of the wise and faithful servants. In the life setting of Jesus’ ministry, ministering is an action carried out to express the truth, with the great commission serving as the model. In the parable, the master will dismember the sinful servant...

Principles of Maat and 42 Negative Confessions

Maat is associated with balance, wisdom, and faith according to the beliefs of Ancient Egyptian mythology. Maat herself is an Ancient Greek goddess who personifies the truth and the world’s harmony (Van Blerk, 2018). She symbolizes God’s order and laws, and according to these laws, seasons change each other, birth...

Dawn Smith’s Experience of Life in a Religious Cult

After watching the TED Talk “Why I Left an Evangelical Cult,” I have learned that being raised in a cult is one of the most horrifying experiences. It is horrible not only because of the constant abuse and lies but because it is very difficult to escape. In a cult,...

Theological Challenges Between Judaism and Christianity

Judaism originated from the covenantal relationship between the Jews and God. Christianity emerged from Judaism, and both faiths believe that God is the creator of the universe. Years after Jesus’ death, some followers continued adhering to Jewish practices and considered themselves Jews. The Temple was the most sacred place in...

Jesus and Expectations of Messiah

In order to determine whether Jesus fulfilled or subverted the expectations for the Messiah, one should start with identifying and describing the three types of Messiahs that many Jews expected during the first century. The main expectation that the Jews laid upon the future Messiah was that he would return...

The Veil in the Modern Muslim Community

Introduction The purpose of this essay is to consider the most relevant theoretical and methodological approaches to the interpretation of the meaning of the veil and covering the face and body in women professing the Muslim confession. From the perspective of an outside observer who does not interpret Islamic culture...

Value of Religious Literacy in Society

Introduction Choice of religion is a deeply personal matter, and individuals’ religious beliefs should always be treated with respect and understanding. However, religious literacy is not a skill that many people possess due to a lack of formal education on the religions of the world and a lack of interest...

Religion: Linking Humankind and Supernatural

There is no clear consensus of what constitutes a religion. It can be defined as a social-cultural system of specific morals, beliefs, behaviors, and ethics. Religion generally links humankind and supernatural, other-worldly, or spiritual elements. There are thousands of distinct religions worldwide, most of which explain the origin and meaning...

Missional Praxis: The Fruit of Theological Reflection

Theological reflection is a set of thought processes and actions directed deep into a person’s consciousness. Human resolves his experiences, awareness of actions, thoughts, and feelings through critical thinking. That is one of the essential and special abilities that force one to relive past feelings and analyze them. In addition,...

The Three Gunas in Hindu Culture

In Hindu culture, a “guna” means a trait that can be found in any person or subject present on Earth. Nevertheless, the key difference is in how much each of the gunas affects one’s life and creates opportunities for personal development. Gunas work on a conscious level, meaning that any...

Islamic Law and Its Legal System

Introduction Islamic law entails the various legal systems that have been implemented to be in accord with the Islamic faith. Islamic law has been significant for decades as it has represented an essential part of Muslims. It has also been reinterpreted and adapted to the changing issues in society. Moreover,...

Religions’ Answers to Five of the Seven Worldview Questions

Islam “What is prime reality – what is really real?” For Muslims, God is the only prime and fundamental reality. “Why is there something rather than nothing?” Muslims see the meaning of their lives in following and worshipping Allah. “What is a human being? How do you explain human nature?”...

God’s and Elijah’s Formal and Informal Leadership

Introduction This paper will discuss formal and informal leadership represented by God and Elijah the Prophet, respectively. It will focus on Elijah’s going through illness and hopelessness and God’s assisting him in finding the path to salvation. According to Merida (2015), “We have read of Elijah’s mountaintop experience at Mount...

Sacred Time or Sacred Place in Judaism

Following the traditions of the Jewish religion is a theological doctrine that includes a combination of different approaches and practices that have been formed over the centuries. Sacred place and Sacred time are the crucial components of this commitment since the rise of Judaism is based on numerous historical references...

Spiritual Leadership Book Reflection

A reflection of chapters three and four of Spiritual Leadership by Henry and Richard Blackaby provides deep insights into leadership and the role of divinity. Chapter three provides a discussion of a leader’s preparation and spiritual development (Blackaby & Blackaby, 2017). It focuses on the natural elements of this development...

Sikhism: History, Beliefs, Teachings and Festivals

Introduction of Sikhism Globally, several religions differ in various ways, but they all build an ethical framework for monitoring values in society. Religion is the “means by which human beings come to terms with what is most” (Smith). There are four classifications of religion; animism, polytheism, monotheism, and theism. Sikhism...

Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity in Society

Introduction Religions are ancient social institutions, designed to perform several tasks at once. One of the main goals is the formation of the worldview and behavior of people, which determines the belief in the existence of some supernatural force. There are four types of ancient religions that have existed for...

A Religious System for a Future Dystopia

Introduction Civilization has been linked to religious history for a long time. The sheer fact of historical studies is heretical for many religions; historical thought for other religions is an essential part of religious practice. Religious identities were an issue of decision and an instrument of control. In every part...

Making Friends With People of Different Religions

Being educated and respectful of other religions Education of other religions is undoubtedly one of the most crucial parts of a dialogue with a representative of a different faith. Ignorance in such a matter might lead to misunderstanding and unwanted conflict. Besides, respecting other beliefs should prove to be very...

Lystra: The City From the Bible

Lystra was a city mentioned in the Bible, a location where a number of important events have taken place. This city was of particular significance to Paul, a disciple of the Christian faith. The city was located near a small channel called Salama in modern-day Turkey. In the days of...

Jawn Bin Huwai: A Martyr for Allah

Introduction Jawn bin Huwai is a significant personality in the history of Islam. Being one of those martyred at Karbala, he had undergone the reality of slavery since he was in servitude to several masters. However, his last master freed him and urged him to abandon his service and his...

Christianity and Sports: The Relationship Analysis

In the modern world, the commitment to sports is actively gaining momentum. Now, even religious organizations are interested in sports, and some even promote sports for every person. There was a time in the past when the church was categorically against sports and any sporting events. I agree with my...

“Christian Theology” by Millard J. Erickson

In the chapters of his book, Erikson critically examines the nature of Jesus Christ through a discussion of the most prominent theological trends and opinions. At the center of the analysis is the recognition of the historical significance of Jesus as a teacher and a man who managed, nevertheless, to...

Ministry of the Prophets, Bible Prophets and Their Prophecies

Prophetic ministry at its core is the act of leading and guiding the church based on revelations from God and gift of the prophesy. The Scriptures present multiple examples of prophetic ministry. The Old Testament has a significant number of prophets. There are the central ones who directly communicated with...

The Attitude of Individuals Towards Other Religions

In the everyday world, while communicating, people use nonverbal language to help express themselves better. However, intercultural differences might lead to disagreements and misinterpretations as various traditions form special beliefs and explanations of nonverbal language. People from different countries can struggle to comprehend a foreigner. Gestures, as one of the...

The Bible Book of Revelation

The Seven Bowls of God’s Wrath Summary In this chapter, John continues to observe the events on earth from multiple angles in Heaven. He primarily God’s wrath against the unfaithful, which was spilled upon people of the earth since they chose to pursue false religions and prophets and worship the...

Christian Foundations and Worldview

Christianity is one of the most important and popular world religions. It was founded approximately near 33 AD in Palestine, and it is centered on the personality of Jesus Christ, the life and deeds of whom were described in the Gospels (Köstenberger, 2020). For Christians, Jesus was a messiah, a...

The Relations Between God and Contemporary Culture

Outline The aspect of religion where God is the superior Being has continued to diminish in contemporary culture. This modern culture is characterized by many technological developments in which man is the main innovator. The ability of a human being to influence creation has made him feel superior to the...

Moral Questions of the Bible

The Unforgiving Servant The first parable appears in Matthew and can be characterized by its two-stage double indirect narrative. According to Snodgrass (2008), the plot of The Unforgiving Servant has a well-balanced three-part structure followed by an explanation. The parable tells the story of a servant who, at first, has...

Religion and Science: Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

Introduction From epistemological point of view, science and religion are two distinct ways of knowing; the first one relies on logic and empirical findings whereas the other is based on faith which does not require substantiation (Griffin, 2000, p 7). The theory of evolution, introduced by Charles Darwin only emphasized...

Sociocultural Influence of Catholicism

Introduction The rapidly growing world population presupposes the increase in the number of religious and social communities that inevitably have a tremendous influence on global development. However, there exists a relatively small number of world religions that now have been shaping the overall behavioral patterns of the community for centuries....

“The Life You’ve Always Wanted” by John Ortberg

In The Life You’ve Always Wanted, John Ortberg encourages his readers to reflect on the nature of Christianity and the ability of belief in God to facilitate positive change and growth, revealing why and how transformation occurs. The book is unique for the modern outlook on a traditional spiritual path...

Religious References in “Future Home of the Living God” by Erdrich

Introduction This dystopian novel by Louise Erdrich depicts the author’s views on the future of humanity under a religious rule. Beginning from the title of the book, the author mentions the name of the Lord, and this theme remains one of the primary topics throughout the chapters. Even the main...

Comparing Behaviorist Versus Christian Points of View

The question of whether people can influence their fate has always been of significance for many philosophers and religious figures. Some of them argue that a person is responsible for their current and future life, while others stipulate that supreme forces determine these issues, and individuals witness what is predetermined....

“Basic Christianity” Book by John Stott

Throughout centuries, the infinite world stands upon the rules, regulations created by humans, and, most importantly, religion. The latter offered the medieval man an opportunity to reconsider life and its purpose. At its core, faith illuminates being with light and hope. Among diverse directions of faith, Christianity constitutes one of...

Isalam – the Main Religion in the World

Introduction Being one of the main religions in the world, Islam undergoes prejudice and is associated with violence nowadays. However, a description of Islam beliefs, practices, and rituals should present the description of the religion itself, reminding us that knowing the issue should precede any judging. Historically, Islam originated from...

The Concept of God in Christian, Islamic and Hindu Religions

Muslim concept of God Muslims are monotheistic, they believe in one God whom they refer to as Allah. Allah is an Arabic name for God; he is One and unique in everything he had created. Allah has no gender. He is self-sufficient as His existence is not determined by anything....

“How to Read the Bible for What It’s Worth” by D. Stewart and G. Fee

Summary “How to read the Bible for what it’s worth” written by Gordon Fee and Douglas Stewart is a modern-day revolutionary text that goes into depth describing various aspects of the Holy Bible including the text, its meaning and application in the modern age. The book covers the different chapters...

Religion and its Role in the Society

What is Religion? It is not an easy task to directly explain or define religion and come up with a definition that will satisfy everyone. The technicality of the definition is that when we talk of religion everyone believes that he holds the true beliefs i.e. when you go to...

Environmental, Social or Political Conflict in Buddhism

Any religion is the phenomenon which is believed to deliver messages of moral issues to the world community. Still, as contemporary society is highly concerned with economical, social and political questions, religions become the objects of speculation. Buddhism is not an exception. There is a simple fact which is known...

Al-Ghazali’s Sufism in Contrast to Classical Sufism

Introduction Sufism has often been cited as a representation of Islamic faith and practice. Through it, knowledge and divine love’s truth is sought in God and Godly life. Sufism operates on the concept of mystical paths. The path is focused on enhancing the existence of wisdom knowledge and divine love...

Wicca Religion: Dimensions Overview

Introduction Religion refers to the belief in a god or gods and worship of such god or gods. There are many aspects of Religion such as beliefs and practices that shape the life experiences of those who practice them. One’s religion is identifiable by the type of prayers conducted by...

Put Off the Flesh Put On Christ: Colossians 3:5-16

Introduction To correctly understand the meaning of these scriptures it is important to note the context within which Paul wrote the text. This letter was addressed to the church in Colosse which is a town in Asia Minor east of Ephesus. This particular church was under Paul’s jurisdiction even though...

Comparing Judaism and Islam

Two major religions in the world captured the imagination of many. It is Judaism and Islam, both springing up from the same region – Palestine. In the Middle East, followers of Judaism and Islam often find themselves in conflict. This is not simply a verbal tussle between two preachers but...

Christianity in South Korea and Japan

South Korea embraces Christianity more than Japan. When visiting South Korea today, one is bound to be struck by the many churches every where, ranging from splendid cathedrals in big cities to small and humble churches built in villages. These churches can be easily seen when traveling either by train...

Jim Jones and Jonestown Cult Massacre

Introduction The tragedy of Jonestown, which took place in 1978 and left more than nine hundred people dead, immediately attracted attention of many sociologists, psychologists, because to a certain degree, this event reflected the tendencies in American mainstream culture (Chidester, p 11). Thus, it is of the crucial importance for...

Religion as a Belief System: What Is It?

Introduction A belief system, as is generally understood, contains high values, moral ideas and thoughts which provide a moral lesson. An overview identifies different types of belief systems that have been prevailing in the modern world. One can regard “belief system is the actual set of precepts from which you...

Ibn Khaldun’s Understanding of Civilizations and the Dilemmas of Islam and the West Today

Introduction In recent years, there have been many attempts, on the part of representatives of world’s intellectual elite, too weaken irreconcilable antagonisms between Western and Islamic mentalities, as the ultimate mean of making this world a better place to live. Akbar S. Ahmed’s article “Ibn Khaldun’s Understanding of Civilizations and...

“Four Views on Hell” by William Crockett

Introduction Life after death has always been of great interest to people. The only question most living human beings are preoccupied with is whether this life exists and if it does, whether there exists a separation between hell and heaven. Hell is traditionally regarded as a place where human souls...

History of Islam: The World with Only 100 Muslims

Introduction If we talk about the history of Islam the way it started was from one single person that was Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) that came up bringing Islam as the last religion with a revealed book Quran. Main body He was all for this religion so God rewarded him with the...

Is Jesus Both Human and Divine?

Introduction The personality of Jesus Christ is one of the most interesting and a mystical one in Christian thought. The Old and New Testaments contain the evidence about divine nature of Jesus and his life as a human. The biblical facts suggest that Jesus was a man. He was a...

The Christological Interpretation of the Psalms

Psalms is a sacred book of the Old Testament. The book of Psalms consists of 150 psalms devoted to different religious values and norms. Each psalm is a song consisted of chants. Critics suppose that the Book of Psalms was composed by the Babylonians, from about 586 to 538 B.C....

Philosophical Arguments for God’s Existence

Introduction The existence of God is one of the oldest debates in the history of humanity, and the topic is still extremely popular today. Anselm of Canterbury was among the first philosophers to present arguments that explain why God should exist. The thinker’s ontological argument was provided in his Proslogion...

Augustine’s On Christian Doctrine Literary Criticism

Introduction In Augustine’s famous treatise, On Christian Doctrine as translated by Dr. Robertson emphasis is on the interpretation of the Bible, dealing with philosophical and rhetorical principles for the Christian use of the scripture. Dr. Robertson emphasizes in his introduction the tremendous influence that this work had upon Christian doctrine....

Analysis of John Winthrop’s Sermon

John Winthrop, an English Puritan lawyer, was one of the central figures in founding the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Before he and the settlers reached New England, he delivered a sermon that later became famous. In his speech, Winthrop shared his expectations of their and the colony’s future. The purpose of...

God’s Laws and Gospels Relationship

Introduction In the Old Testament, God gave different laws to guide people on how to lead an acceptable lifestyle under the standards of moral behaviors. Additionally, the laws were meant to point to God’s purity and expose people’s sinful nature. As such, all the 613 commandments in the Old Testament...

Christianity and Feminism: Differences in Beliefs

Although nowadays, the role of religion in the world is lowering, Christianity remains one of the dominant and most influential systems of beliefs. It is not only a religious conception but also a philosophy that impacts the minds of many, though some of them may not even know about this....

Intellect and Will in Religion

Religious Studies and Theology Intellect and will go hand in hand. One can do nothing with intellect if he or she has no will. On the other hand, if there is someone who is willing but does not have an intellect that is considered to be dangerous. Intellect is to...

Overcoming Mediocrity in Christian Leadership: Reggie McNeal’s Guide

Abstract In the minds of many people, Christianity is associated with the word “mediocrity,” which is often confused with humbleness. Such notions as, for example, do not stand out, do not seek the spotlight, do not aspire to greatness, be like everyone else are mistakenly associated with humility. While the...

Jesus’ Compassion for Women and the Sick in His Ministry

Jesus’ Concern for the Women Jesus demonstrated his concern for the women and attended to them. He was not limited by the traditions or religious beliefs that the Pharisees and the teachers of the law had. “And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the Sabbath. And, behold,...

Biblical Christianity: God and Evil

Introduction Biblical Christianity represents God as a figure who is all-powerful, all-knowing, and inherently benevolent. However, people also cannot deny that evil is a part of this world, and harmful events happen every day to millions of children and adults. Thus, atheists and believers continue to debate the reality of...

Concept of God and Philosophy of Religion

What characterizes good? The concept of good, by definition, has two defining characteristics. The first one is the presence of perceivable benefits to either the person (personal good) or the community at large (community good) (Howing, 2016). The second characteristic of good typically involves the absence of harm to either...

Human Life and Death in Christianity and Buddhism

Illness often leads to agony and prompts the search for the meaning of life as people try to understand the reasons behind their predicaments. At times, individuals use their religious convictions to interpret sickness. Ivtzan, Chan, Gardner, and Prashar (2013) posit, “Religious and spiritual beliefs provide possibilities of attributing meaning...

Evolution of the Caliphate: From Prophet Muhammad to Modern States

Introduction The rise of Islam was not anticipated or planned. In fact, it had become so common within the first three years since the introduction of the religion that many scholars were shocked by the progress. It should be mentioned that the religion spread immediately after the death of Prophet...

Exploring Scientology: Religious Beliefs, Rituals, and Ethical Considerations

Introduction Scientology manifests the eight elements of religion in varying degrees. For example, the most conspicuous elements include a belief system, an ethical system, rituals, community, and material expressions of religion. Sacredness, central myths, and emotional experiences are almost non-existent. Their beliefs are based on the ability to use reason...

The 95 Theses

The 95 Theses by Martin Luther was the work of art based on the Catholic practices referring to baptism and absolutism. The theses raised in The Ninety-Five Theses were against the idea of indulgence as the church had the power to sell salvation to a sinner. Luther was a famous...

The Meaning of Human Existence

Meaning of Spirituality Spirituality refers to the sense of connection to a higher being or purpose that goes beyond normal human understanding. In that regard, it is the connection that humans have to the divine. Spirituality can also be defined as the connection humans have to concepts that are hard...

Christian Mentor Interview on Religion or Spirituality

Introduction Mentorship is one of the critical components of the modern understanding of religion or spirituality. Nonetheless, some experts disregard the role of mentors in their lives and consider them as unimportant figures. In this case, it is critical to underline the paramount importance of mentorship in the modern world...

Reviewing Leadership: A Christian Evaluation

Abstract The concept of leadership has been examined by many philosophers, sociologists, and theologists throughout history. Various styles and forms of leadership have been described, and several approaches to leadership have been proposed by scholars over the years. The topic of leadership has attracted the widespread attention of writers who...

Disciple-Making Activity in the Local Church

Introduction The Great Commission sent out the apostles to make disciples, but not to build organizations (Matthew 28:18-20, NIV). This is a fact that the modern church needs to keep in mind in the course of its activities. Making disciples is an activity that has changed greatly since the time...

Jainism’s Historical Development in South Asia

Introduction Jainism forms one of the oldest religions across the world, and it is traditionally referred to as Jain Dharma amongst the South Asian communities as transcribed in the Sanskrit literature. Jainism emphasized the doctrines of non-violence and peaceful coexistence towards all living beings, whilst prescribing equality and respect to...

Aryans, Brahmanism, and Classical Hinduism: Core Concepts and Values

Introduction Aryans Brahmanism and Classical Hinduism all believe in nature gods. There doctrines revolve around things such as rain, oceans, sun, and other unique physical features. Shiva, Indra, Varuna, and Surya are the most important gods in these religious orientations. Even though Aryan is the religion, Brahmanism represents the sacrificial...

Early Christianity in Asia

A critical review of early Christianity reveals that it has its roots in the Middle East. The historical fact is undeniable in spite of the fact that the region is currently dominated by the Islamic faith. From Palestine, where it originated, Christianity spread into the Roman Empire, from where most...

Roman Catholicism Vs Protestant Christianity

Introduction This paper examines the differences between the beliefs of the Roman Catholicism and the mainstream Protestant Christianity. During Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, “several groups of churches separated from the Roman Catholic Church” (Walton 40). This marked the beginning of differences in beliefs and unity of Christendom among...

Religion and Ecology

When it comes to discussing how a particular religion responds to ecological crises, it is important to outline ecologically relevant theological postulates of this religion and to define the qualitative aspects of how it reflects upon psychological/behavioral leanings of its adherents. In my paper, I will aim to explore the...

The Old Testament’ Importance for the Modern Believer

Introduction Today, many Christians neglect the Old Testament, considering that it only contains bedtime stories and is not relevant for the modern believers. However, this approach is not correct. Studying the Old Testament gives a modern believer knowledge on the relationship between God and people, explains certain universal principles, helps...

Salvation Concept in Religion

What do (or should) Christians mean by the word “Salvation”? The Christian definition for salvation is deliverance from wrath of God brought about by the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Salvation is a process which Witherington describes as: “one believe in ones heart that Jesus Christ is Lord, He...

Hebrew Bible Covenants: Abrahamic and Mosaic Agreements with God

Introduction The Hebrew Bible contains a list of covenants that dictate the rules for dealing with God and between people. The covenants are based on some of the treaties and contracts of the ancient world that were used for cooperation and negotiation. There are different interpretations and opinions on how...

Amen: Origins and Meaning Across Religions

Introduction Amen, or Amun, was one of the main gods of ancient Egypt. In the ancient Egyptian religion, he was considered the king of all gods, symbolizing the highest strength and power (Amun: King of the Egyptian gods, n.d.). In addition, in the early stages of Egyptian civilization, it was...

Comparison of Buddhism and Christianity: Founders, Beliefs, and Practices

Introduction Religions are the fundamental elements of society and vary depending on the culture and region of the nations. However, to understand why certain cultures uphold specific values or beliefs, it can be essential to delve deeper into the religions and their histories. For example, among the oldest religions are...

Jewish Rituals and Halakha: Traditions and Laws in Daily Life

Significance of Jewish Rituals One of the central and significant topics is the existence of Jewish rituals and laws. Like other people, Jews have several distinctive and characteristic rituals that are unique to their nationality. For Jews, adulthood holds great importance, often associated with specific traditions. Laws also play a...

The Role of God the Son in Christian Theology

Introduction God the Son is one of the integral concepts in Christian Theology, as it reveals the identity and work of Jesus Christ, the second person of the Trinity. Jesus descended from Heaven and lived in human nature to redeem humanity from sin, which separated us from God. His life...

Gregory the Great’s Theological Insights on Balance and Faith

The Spiritual and the Carnal Worlds The relationship and connection between the supernatural and natural worlds may be perceived differently in theology. According to Purves (2001), Augustin of Hippo refused to highlight this interface of the two worlds, “stressing the mystery and ambiguity of signs, hiding yet hinting at supernatural...

Harmony Within: Self-Control and Self-Discipline in Chinese Religion

Introduction Chinese religious beliefs have been regarded as peaceful and humanistic. Therefore, the notions of self-control, self-discipline, and restraint are traditionally associated with Chinese religious practices and ethical standards (Einzelgänger, 2020; Open Your Reality, 2021). However, the specified statements regarding Chinese religion are not merely empty. Due to the strong...

Christianity and Its Effects on Western Civilization

Introduction Christianity became one of the main factors that influenced the formation of Western civilization. Throughout the long history of human existence, this religion has influenced social norms in society, political institutions, and the cultural customs of man. Christianity gave mankind the basis to understand how the world and man...

Scientific Worldview, Faith, and Reason Comparison

Introduction There is a group of people who argue that science is just a myth and, like other religious doctrines, it is based on faith. For example, Paul claims that “It [science] is one of the many forms of thought that have been developed by man and not necessarily the...

The Conciliar Model in Acts 15: Development of Christianity

Introduction The conciliar model as described in Acts 15 contributed much to the successful spread and development of Christianity. Before Emperor Constantine declared freedom of religion in the Roman Empire, the number of Christians remained small, with groups often being separated one from the other in order to avoid persecution....

Middle Eastern Women’s Place in Islam

Long-standing controversy surrounds the place of women in Islam. Muslims have frequently been seen as oppressed and inferior by non-Muslims. Additionally, while most practicing Muslim women appeared secure in their clearly defined responsibilities of being engaged and showing perfect obedience, rearing morally upright children, and caring for the family, other...

Nature and Status of the Human Soul – St. Bonaventure

St. Bonaventure was a philosopher, author, and theologian who lived between 1217 and 1274 AD. During his philosophical works, he developed a human soul model that was a perspective from a person’s knowledge of God with the world being presented as a side effect. The paper presents a brief description...

“The Sage from Galilee” by D. Flusser and S. Notley

David Flusser and R. Steven Notley wrote the Sage from Galilee. The novel’s twelve chapters detail Flusser’s new theories and research that were not included in his 1968 English edition, making it the fourth edition. This book aims to challenge widespread beliefs that existed before its publication. I give this...

Review of Saint Bonaventure Interpretation of the Soul

Introduction Saint Bonaventure was a member of the Franciscan order and a philosopher in the 13th century. The philosophy of Bonaventure can be considered Augustinian because it was heavily influenced by Augustine (Sutanto, 2021). One of the most significant issues that Bonaventure advanced was the nature and status of the...

Sabbath: What Are Its Purpose and Rules?

God gave his people the Sabbath as a day of rest. It is a day to reflect on the fact that God created us and that we are his creations. The people were to rejoice in the Lord and be happy in his presence. They were to sing songs of...

Mahayana Buddhism’s Beginnings

Introduction Mahayana Buddhism’s beginnings are still a mystery; neither its beginning nor its location is documented, and it is most likely that the movement developed over time and in several areas. Most representations have been hugely affected by the goals of contemporary sectarian motions, and the holy texts most highly...

The Usage of שׁען (shaman) in the Old Testament

The Old Testament (OT) has been interpreted in various ways, presenting a unique understanding of the meaning behind each verse and passage. Accordingly, the word שׁען (sha’an) is used 22 times in the OT and has a dissimilar significance in most of the verses. To comprehend the importance of sha’an,...

The Old Testament Through the Lens of Exile

Introduction The Old Testament, also known as the Hebrew Bible, is a collection of religious writings in Hebrew. It tells the story of a group of people brought out of slavery who intended to become a small nation on land ostensibly promised to them by God. According to Kelle, although...

Islam and Women’s Rights in Iran After 1979

Introduction Islam is one of the major religions around the world that have shaped moral values and other social issues such as women’s rights. Some countries such as Iran underwent a religious revolution that determined their internal affairs and socialization. Islamization involves converting and shifting society towards Islam and becoming...

Insomnia in Science and in the Bible

Insomnia has been a topical issue of humanity since ancient times. Lack of sleep, difficulty falling asleep, and nightmares were the source of interest for both scientists and theologists. Nowadays, there are a lot of articles and theories surrounding insomnia and its effects on one’s health. There are many reasons...

The Nature and Kinds of Shrines in African Religious Symbolization

The nature of African shrines serves as places whereby the spirits and gods live or manifest themselves, or their holy objects, symbols, statues, and relics, are consecrated. In addition, they are more than places of worship or spiritual vessels (Microsoft Bing, 2022). Therefore, African shrines are physical manifestations of presence...

World Religions: The Meaning of Symbols

Buddhist symbol is a cyclic attribute symbolizing the wheel of the Dharma. It explains samsara, the cycle of rebirths that can be avoided by studying the Buddha’s and the story of how the Buddha achieved enlightenment (Halberg, 2014). People use in ritual practice to concentrate on reflection, using the mind...

Relational and Clinical Approaches to Counseling

Counseling can be generally defined as a process that helps people work through challenges in their lives. There are various types of counseling, but two common approaches are clinical and relational counseling. Clinically trained counselors are taught to assess and diagnose psychological disorders. They are additionally trained in the use...

How the Jesus Movement Became The Church

The Jesus movement arose from Judaism in Israel; it had many followers worldwide. The Jesus movement created a legacy of God’s people; believers perceive Jesus as their Lord and wish to unite with him. It also involves common beliefs of followers and suggests that God’s people will possess virtue through God’s...

Theological Differences Within the Major Christian Traditions

Christians are followers of Christ who use the bible as the primary religious book for conducting services and personal spiritual nourishment. They believe in life after death, reconciliation to God through Christ and Trinity. However, within this religious group, there are many denominations that can broadly be categorized as Catholic,...

Jesus Christ’s Natural Divinity

Jesus Christ is God’s only son; two essences converge in him: divine and human. The divinity of Christ is vital for Christians because it shows that the deification of the human body is possible, as well as the divine embodiment in the personality of an ordinary individual. In addition, it...

Christian Evidences of Jesus in the Bible

Many people believe that Jesus did not exist, but for my friend, I will use the Bible verses to prove that he existed. I will explain to him how the Bible provides us with numerous verses that support the existence of Jesus Christ. For example, in Matthew 1:1-17, we read...

The Fertile Crescent in Egyptian and Hebrew Culture

Originally, the Fertile Crescent was the territory that used to be called the Middle East. Geographically, this area occupies the region of Saudi Arabia along the northern edge of the Syrian Desert. The western edge is washed by the Mediterranean Sea, while the eastern one ends at the Zagros Mountains....

Modernism Impact on Religion Role in Person Life

Modernism has reshaped many societal values, and no faith has escaped its influence. The place that religions take in society has been shifting over the past century as globalization disrupted the traditional way of living in most communities (Gauthier, 2019). I think that there are people who are still drawn...

Religion: Locating Sodom

Introduction Sodom and Gomorrah were two of five cities referred to as the Cities of the Plain in the Bible. The two places are infamous for God’s judgment upon the cities’ wicked inhabitants in the three Abrahamic religions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Biblical scholars, including Steven Collins and Bryant Wood,...

Law Enforcement Crisis Intervention from Biblical Viewpoint

The Active shooter crisis in the United States has continued being problematic, with significant concerns falling on the response time of enforcement officers to crisis. It is reported that the time lag of active shooter incidence occurring and the police response to the incidence is approximately 5 minutes (Sikes et...

“Animism” or “Holistic” Concepts in Indigenous Religions

Indigenous religions involve ancestral faiths of peoples who are local to certain regions. Their faiths assist people in attaining the objective of living well in such regions. Thus, indigenous faiths differ, just as the locations their practitioners reside vary (Van Voorst 31). Most indigenous religions and other monotheist religions like...

Blessings, Beatitudes, Curses, and Woes in the Bible

In Deuteronomy 28:1-14 Bible says, “You will be blessed in the city and blessed in the country” (“Deuteronomy 28 (KJV)”). God’s word promises that if we accept His instruction to put Him first (to elevate Him above all other things in our life and revere Him as our first cause,...

“Minimal” Facts Approach to the Resurrection Question

The set of reasons in favor of the resurrection of Christ can be summed up in its simplest form as the minimal facts approach. The approach’s most vital point is that most historians agree that all of these arguments should be treated as historical truths. In addition, it employs solely...

Integration Model: Theological Reasoning

Introduction The following paper dissects a case study of two couples who are unmarried. In reference to Piaget, Freud and Sullivan psychological theories, the paper will offer adaptations to the case study, in reference to theological reasoning. As the biblical theology highlights, a woman and man should only come as...

The Spiritual Goal of the Hindu Philosophy

Hinduism developed from the teachings of different founders due to its diverse traditions and long history. It urges Hindus to worship Brahman, the universal spirit, which permits the existence of a pantheon of various divinities. Theodor and Greenberg suggest that some scholars refer to Hinduism as a henotheistic religion because...