Theodore Roosevelt’s Most Outstanding Achievements

Theodore Roosevelt (TR) is documented as one of the best world leaders and most influential presidents of the united states of America. He was a renowned author, historian, and naturalist considered to have contributed immensely to the development of America. Teddy is most recognized for his ideologies of foreign policy....

Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid Caliphates’ History

Introduction The Fatimid State was formed in Ifriqiya (modern Tunisia) as a result of the victorious uprising of the Berber tribes against the Abbasid governors of the Aghlabids. This uprising, in turn, was the result of the secret propaganda of the Shiite-Ismaili emissaries with its slogans of justice and universal...

Postcolonial Analysis in the 21st Century

Postcolonialism refers to the historical period that represents the outcome of Western colonialism. Similarly, the term may be used to refer to concurrent projects to claim back and rethink the history and people’s agency subordinated by several forms of expansionism. There are many signs that if not properly checked, the...

Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Civil Rights Movement

Martin Luther King, Jr. is the most well-known defender of black Americans’ civil rights. He was born on the 15th of January, 1929, in the family of a Baptist minister in Atlanta. King grew up at the time when segregation laws were seen and accepted as a norm by the...

The Life of Women in Colonial America

The purpose of this essay is to describe the life and attitudes of women in colonial America. Concentrating on the two colonies, South and New England, the task is to compare the daily routine of women in the colonial family and in the family of the peoples of Native America....

The Importance of Persia on the World Stage

Persia is one of the oldest states and empires, now called Iran. In the best “heyday period,” the Persian Empire became one of the most significant states in history. From its origin to the conquest by Alexander the Great, Persia occupied a dominant position in the ancient world for two...

Abigail Adams and Her Impact on the American Revolution

In introducing Abigail Adams and her impact on the revolution, it is crucial to consider the conditions of women in eighteenth-century America. At that time, married women were economically and legally dependent on their husbands, having no rights (“Abigail Adams”). The husband could control the woman’s property without her agreement....

Military Tactics of Alexander the Great

Introduction Alexander the Great took over the throne after the assassination of his father, Phillip II. He secured Macedonia, put down the Greeks’ rebellion, and later focused his leadership on Egypt, India, and Persia. This was a difficult concept brought upon by his father, but he had to be determined...

Pericles’ “Funeral Oration”: Speech Analysis

Pericles’ “Funeral Oration” is one of the world’s greatest and most influential speeches that may still relate to society and governments. Delivered in 431 B.C., which was the first year of the Peloponnesian War, this speech praises Athenians’ sacrifices, comforts parents, brothers, and sons of the warriors deceased with honor,...

Impact of Gold Rush on California

Introduction U.S. history is rich, and each era has its characteristics and specific contributions to the development of the states and the establishment of new rules and living standards. The progress of California was slow because of the Spanish invasion and colonization in the 18th century and Mexican control in...

Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Spanish Empires: Comparative Analysis

Various Empires that occurred and thrived in different historical periods provide significant knowledge of how civilizations develop. The Emperors’ activities, wars, inventions, social and political structures, cultural and religious beliefs – all impacted the modern world and humanity’s values. The Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Spanish Empires were selected to analyze their...

The Indigenous People as a Nation

Introduction Since time immemorial different communities inhabiting their ancestral lands have practiced various cultures and correlated with the environment. These groups have not only maintained their way of life, but also, have retained the political, cultural, economic, and social traits that differentiate them from the surrounding distinct societies. As such,...

Was Pancho Villa a Good or a Bad Guy?

Reflecting on the life Pancho Villa lived, it can be said that he – just like many other citizens of Mexico – was a product of a corrupt and autocratic governmental system. About 90% of the population lived in poverty under Díaz’s regime (“Pancho Villa: Robin Hood or Ruthless Terrorist?”...

20th Century Ideological Conflicts

The history of the 20th century was turbulent, but it is possible to trace at least one persistent feature present in each of its important moments and periods. As political and military struggles embroiled the powers of the world, there was always an evident ideological subtext present in the events....

Corrections: The Historical Perspective

The contemporary criminal justice system in the United States of America is rapidly evolving, leading to significant changes in the ways that policing, court administration, and corrections are carried out. The correctional system operates within criminal justice so that to entail a variety of measures and responsible bodies that enforce...

The Indian Boarding Schools System

Towards the end of the 19th century, different missionaries and religious groups began to collaborate with the government to transform the quality of education available to the Native Americans. Those in leadership believed that such citizens were uncivilized and lacked quality education that could civilize them. These ideologies led to...

The President Roosevelt’s New Deal Programs

Introduction Between 1933 and 1939, President Roosevelt endorsed the New Deal programs in the United States to counter the effects of the great depression through programs, financial reforms, public work projects, and regulations. These programs answered the needs of Americans in recovery, reform, and relief after facing the economic meltdown...

“Paradigms of Conquest: History, Historiography, and Politics” by Stern

In “Paradigms of Conquest: History, Historiography, and Politics,” Stern (1992) focuses on discussing the conquest of the Latin American territories starting since 1492 from the perspectives of politics, history, and historiography. Stern (1992) claims that the year of 1492 became associated with “a powerful symbolism” related to colonization in Latin...

The Concept of the American Dream

Introduction European settlers came to North America in hopes of a new life full of opportunities. Their expectations manifested themselves in the idea of the American Dream, which proclaimed that success could be achieved by anyone through hard work in a society based on democratic principles. First established in the...

King’s Speech “I Have a Dream”: Neo-Aristotelian Critique

Introduction For many years, black people were discriminated against in the United States. They had no rights and no power. They were taken out of their houses and deprived of any liberties. That is why the question of freedom was so important and urgent for each African American. Even when...

The Impact of the Industrial Revolution on Britain and America

The American lifestyle experienced gradual change with the coming of the industrial revolution. Before industrial revolution took shape in the American world, they mostly practiced farming while most of the rest were artisans. Industrial revolution brought about a great transitional point in the lifestyle of the people in the United...

The Impact of the Great Depression on Education

Introduction The great depression and its impact on education can be viewed from the perspective of decline in the number of students in institutions and the inadequacy in In terms of resources to support education. The great depression was marked by important features that had significant implications on the education...

History of Palau Independence

Palau was established as a sovereign country by the Compact of Free Association on 1st October, 1994, which guaranteed the continuation of military, economic and political links between Palau and the US for fifty years. The Compact of Free Association outlines the relationships that three sovereign countries had entered into...

Salem Witch Trials Debate

The Salem Witch Trials are known from the history reveal the horrible and even mysterious event of accusation of young girls for the witchcraft. The trials that took place from February 1962 up to March 1963 accused many innocent people due to the fact that the Court could not decide...

China Cultural Revolution and the Great Leap Forward

Mao Zedong, lead the People’s Republican of India from it’s inception in 1949 until 1976. “Being a politician and military he the Chinese Communist party into victory during the china civil war.” (Terriss, 1980) During his last years in power (1966-76), Mao Zedong, the chairman of Chinese Communist Party initiated...

Women & Power of Pre-Colonial Latin America

Pre-Columbian America relates to the era before the arrival of the Europeans. It pertains to aboriginal civilizations of the Americas, with the likes of those in Mesoamerica and the Andes. Although the onset of “Pre-Columbian” era is considered to be from the time the human race set foot on the...

The History of Salem Witch Trials

The Salem witch trial – is a court trial in New England in 1692 in the settlements of Salem village and Salem town, in the state of Massachusetts. On the charges of witchcraft (“witch hunt”) 19 people were hung, 1 person was crushed by stones and from 175 to 200...

Working Conditions During the Industrial Revolution

Introduction The harsh working conditions for ordinary people marked the Industrial Revolution in England. Places such as factories and coal mines employed even children, who had to spend hours on hard physical labor almost as much as adults did. Although the power of wealthy industry business owners was high, some...

Historical Causes of Underdevelopment in Latin America

Introduction The history of colonisation often focuses on its effect on European countries and the patterns of trade that emerged on the global stage. In turn, the influence of the process on the colonised regions and their future development is often overlooked. In their chapters, Stein and Stein and Burns...

Baldwin’s American Dream, American Negro, Sonny’s Blues

Introduction Baldwin’s The American Dream and the American Negro speech appeals to the White southerners, accusing them of racism towards African-Americans. The concept of plague is used by the author to reflect hatred and immorality, which make them look down on people that have a different skin color: “moral lives...

European Trade Goods for Native Americans

The Effect of European Trade Goods on Native Americans Native Americans’ trade relations with Europeans significantly influenced their way of living. Thus, it is possible to state that American Indians, who were traditionally focused on a handicraft, received access to steel knives, metal pots, hatchets, and guns (Gallay 244). As...

Policy of Appeasement in the 1930s: Britain and France

Introduction The policy of appeasement is a diplomatic policy that allowed enemies to find common ground with one another to avoid war. The term was very common after World War I because no country wanted to be involved in another war. The First World War had left various undesirable impacts...

Civic Virtues in “The Founding Fathers” and Federalist 55 Analysis

Introduction The analysis of the civic virtues, as highlighted in “The Founding Fathers”, can be summed up using the Federalist 55 discourse. It is observed that the republican government assumed the existence of civic virtues. The founding fathers opined that political freedom presupposed a limited government. What this means is...

China’s Innovation Stagnation: History and Theories

When studying the history of China, many put a focus on innovations that gave a start to the development of Western civilizations. Despite the fact that China was very advanced in agricultural and technological productivity in the time period leading up to the fourteenth century, the country stopped its development...

The Rise of Silk Industry in Lyon, France

Introduction In ancient France, the high and middle classes of society created a demand for locally designed silk products that embraced their tastes and culture. For a long time, the French elites had been spending a lot of money on acquiring quality silk fabrics imported from other countries. Due to...

Emancipation Proclamation: Its Role in American History and Society

Introduction A few events in the United States history had as much impact as the American Civil War, which took place between 1861 and 1865. The Civil War was, in part, fueled by the debate over the future of slavery between the South and the North. Slavery is an alien...

A Historical Perspective on Communist Revolutions in East Asia

Introduction Communist movements occurred in a wide range of South-East and North-East Asian countries. Among them, there was Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Malaya. Although the successful Communist revolutions happened only in Vietnam, China, and the Northern part of Korea. Generally, communist ideology and movements were rather strong and influential...

The Articles of Confederation vs. The New Constitution: Historical Analysis and Key Differences

Introduction Even though the conservatives in historic America believed in the culture of a centralized system of governance, federalists and their associated allies believed in a system of effective citizen representation in all decision-making levels of governance. After a series of debates, arguments, and counter-arguments, the United States of America...

What Was the Industrial Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution marked a change in production processes. It occurred between 1760 and 1840s (Weightman 7). The Industrial Revolution involved changes from the use of human power for production to machines, new methods of producing iron, chemicals, developments in generating water and steam power, and improvements in machine tools.1...

Conquest of Mexico and Downfall of the Aztec Empire

Introduction While the human race takes great pride in the progressive nature of each subsequent civilization, human beings continue to harbor a keen interest on ancient civilizations. This interest in the past sometimes springs from specific attributes of certain ancient civilizations which are hailed as benchmarks in the civilization process....

Che Guevara’s Biography and Revolutionary Path

Introduction Ernesto Guevara who is best-known as Che Guevara was one of the leaders of the Cuban Revolution that took place in the 1960s. He adopted Marxist ideas when he was a medical student and he fought for the rights and freedom of working people in Cuba as well as...

Economic Impact of the Haitian Revolution on Haiti and Sugar Expansion in Cuba

Introduction The Haitian Revolution significantly impacted the country’s economy and future development. In the position of the French colony, the country’s economy prospered thanks to foreign investments and the colonizer’s political connections. The colony had many agricultural plantations, which specialized in growing tobacco, indigo, and sugar at different times. After...

Foreign Policy Objectives and Bureaucratic Politics in the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis

Introduction A pivotal event in world history that brought the Soviet Union and the United States perilously near to nuclear war was the Cuban Missile. It was a complicated situation that put the Soviet Union, Cuba, and the United States under pressure to carry out their various foreign policy objectives....

Quetzalcoatl: Symbolism in Mesoamerican Cultures and Its Impact on the Spanish Conquest of Mexico

Introduction: Quetzalcoatl in Mesoamerican Mythology Quetzalcoatl, known as the Feathered Serpent, is one of the most prominent and complex deities in Mesoamerican mythology, embodying a blend of earthly and divine attributes. His name, derived from the Nahuatl language, combines “quetzalli,” denoting the resplendent feathers of the quetzal bird, and “coatl,”...

The Impact of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement on Diversity and Social Change in America

Introduction The Civil Rights Movement was a significant historical event that contributed significantly to developing the concept of freedom and free will. Moreover, this movement significantly changed American society and challenged racial segregation. It positively impacted minority groups in American society. This movement is still relevant, as many issues fought...

Nelson Mandela: Leadership and Legacy in the Fight Against Apartheid

Historical Overview and Contributions of Nelson Mandela as a Leader Nelson Mandela was an anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist from South Africa. He was born in the town of Mvezo in South Africa’s Eastern Cape region in 1918. Mandela began his political career in 1943 when he joined the African...

Napoleon Bonaparte: The French Emperor

Introduction Napoleon Bonaparte was a French leader and emperor in the early 19th century. Bonaparte is known for his military strategy, which ensured the success of the French army against its major opponents. During his tenure as the French leader, Bonaparte is credited with implementing changes that enhanced the legal...

Bisexuality in Han Dynasty China

The article “In Han Dynasty China, Bisexuality Was the Norm,” by Sarah Prager, is an accessible, non-judgmental take on how bisexuality was viewed in ancient China. It is a well-written article with sources that are relevant to her argument. The piece is accessible for the reader and does not carry...

Social Changes in the United States: 1920s-1960s

The 1920s was a decade of contradiction in the United States of America since the country was experiencing a period of great prosperity and progress. On the other hand, there was a lot of social and political turmoil. The Roaring Twenties was a time of economic growth and technological innovation....

Historical Importance of “The Oath” by Hippocrates

Introduction The selected primary source from ancient Greece is the Oath written by Hippocrates, one of history’s earliest legally enforceable documents. The historical document has long been regarded as the pinnacle of medical ethics (Indla and Radhika). Hippocrates’ followers had to take an oath to the Greek pantheon’s Gods of...

American Imperialism in the Late 1800s

Introduction The late 19th century was characterized by a new wave of imperialism. Many countries, including the United States of America, went on a path of expanding their global influence through the acquisition of land overseas. The imperialistic movement in the United States of America began with the Spanish-American War...

The Trojan War’s Causes and Results

Introduction The myths of the Greek people have widely developed the cycle of legends about the Trojan War. Their subsequent popularity was explained by a close connection with the centuries-old enmity of the Hellenes and their opponents from countries located on the territory of modern Asia. The arena of the...

Aspects of the Rise of the Ottoman Empire

Introduction The Ottoman Empire is a vivid example of the development, growth, stagnation, and collapse of a powerful state. It is a transcontinental state created in 1299 under the rule of Uch Bey Osman Gazi by the Ottoman Turks. The territorial location initially covered the territories of the northwest of...

Ethics and Civics of the American Patriots

Introduction The 18th century was marked by the severe controversy between British colonial representatives in America and the members of the American elites who wanted to change the existing situation in the country. This period was characterized by numerous attempts to change the country and gain independence from colonial rule....

Globalization and Indigenous Communities in Canada

Globalization is a complex process that has both negative and positive consequences for nations. In Canada, indigenous people feel both the austerities of environmental and cultural destruction and the potential for development. For instance, negative influences include the diffusion and elimination of languages and cultures. Positive impacts feature benefits of...

The Impact of Enlightenment Ideas on Education

The 18th century entered the history of culture as the age of the Enlightenment. Recent scientific advances, especially the discoveries of J. Newton and J. Locke, prompted philosophers, scientists, and writers to reconsider the former picture of the world radically. The eighteenth century radically changed European thought and brought significant...

Mary “Molly” Brant: Challenging Traditional Roles of Women

Introduction Before the Revolutionary Era in American history, people and researchers often tended to misrepresent women. Mary “Molly” Brant, a Mohawk female leader, was perceived as the wife of Sir William Johnson, who was the British chief officer. A more in-depth analysis of historic documents shows that Molly significantly influenced...

The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments

During the Civil War, the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were implemented to improve and create justice for the formerly enslaved people. The American Civil War involved the North and the South in the abolition of slavery in the country. These three amendments were designed to grant African Americans and...

Crop Lien System: General Prosperity of the Southern People

The exploitative Crop-Lien system permitted the affluent planter class to imprison formerly enslaved people and low-income white people in figurative debt chains. African Americans who had just gained freedom lacked the resources and the land necessary to start a farm. Through the crop-lien system, they were compelled to rent land...

The Houston Riot 1917 from Primary Sources

During the time of the mutiny of African American Troops in 1917, racism prevailed significantly in the US. People of color were against racist government officers and systems, while the whites wanted to preserve their supremacy. This led to the outbreak of many rebellions in the US, including one in...

Frederick Douglass’s Most Important Qualities

Introduction Frederick Douglass is one of the most central figures in the history of America and Black people. His books, where he truthfully described his and his people’s hardships and adversities, sold many copies. The main focus of these books was to expose the hard truth that was his reality...

Patriots in the American Revolution

Introduction The mid-18th century has witnessed significant historical changes in the political arena. One of those changes is the emergence of a new county and a nation, the United States of America. This grand event that created a country, which later will become one of the most developed nations in...

The Causes of the Cold War Between the US and the USSR

Introduction Historical studies have determined various causes of the Cold War. During the Cold War, the development of social reforms focused on building a peaceful society and a kickstart for the economic growth characterized by market expansions among nations. The conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union after...

Women’s Rights: Annotated Bibliography

A Vindication of the Rights of Woman Author and Title of Source: Wollstonecraft, Mary. “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.” City of Publication: The publication of this primary source in the Norton Anthology of English Literature was located in the city of New York. However, the original work was...

The Significance of the Korean War to the Cold War

The Korean War was an example of a satellite collision. The dangers of such wars, as well as the role of major nations in them, have been seen. The United States and China were actively involved in the armed combat, while the Soviet Union covered its military personnel’s participation in...

Australian Gold Rush and Its Implications

History is a very interesting science since it describes how people lived in the past, how the world developed and many others. Australians should learn the history of their motherland to understand what processes impacted people and the country a long time ago. The Gold Rush was one such process,...

Analysis of Leonard Peltier Murder Case

Abstract Activism, resisting, and struggling to oppose imposed rules by the American government had been a typical tussle among the American Indians. Therefore, this research paper focuses on the murder case of two Federal Bureau Investigation unit officers, who were said to be murdered by an American Indian movement led...

Black Lives Matter: Tamika Catchings’ Biography

Humble Beginnings Tamika Catchings grew up in suburban Chicago. She used a hearing aid, but in the 1980s, hearing aids were so bulky that it was challenging to communicate with friends. She was teased and wanted to be like everyone else. She often wanted to quit school, but her mother...

Definition of the Greek Polis

Introduction The polis is based on the ancient form of ownership, representing the unity of the public and private principles of ownership. The polis had the right of supreme ownership of the land. Only the citizens of the policy could be the owners of the land. It was possible to...

Catholic Church’s Contributions in Medieval Europe

In the Medieval era, the Catholic Church was the main dominant force in religion across Europe. The church was more than just a religion as it played a significant role in determining the lives of the people who lived in this time. Its leaders ruled over many elements of the...

The Great Depression vs. The Civil Rights Movement

It is important to note that both the Great Depression and the Civil Rights Movement had a major impact on the American socio-economic state of being. On the one hand, the former was a devastating occurrence, which destroyed institutions, degraded citizens, and shattered American economic power. On the other hand,...

What Is More Impactful: Freedom or Slavery?

Introduction The history of slavery and everything associated with it is, no doubt, one of the darkest pages for the American national consciousness. A consequence of the nation’s European origins, it led to the decades of oppression and violence committed by white Americans against their Black slaves. The structure and...

Miserable Life as Enslaved People

Slavery is a state in which another powerful man denies freedom to some people. Enslaved people were mostly transported to provide labour to European countries overseas. In this case, they were considered to belong to someone else. In some communities, enslaved humans were considered movable and transported to other countries...

The Decline and the Fall of the Roman Empire

Many historians have analyzed the fall of the Roman Empire to determine its leading causes. Debates regarding different factors involved and contributed to the end of the Roman kingdom have also been experienced. The Roman Empire was one of the most superior territories recognized by many people. Its collapse led...

The Lessons That Can Learned From Wars

The great wars in the history of mankind teach about the importance of proper communication between nations, the impossibility to predict outcomes, and the control over the human ego. One group of individuals who do attempt to gain from history are war leaders. In spite of the fact that they...

Second Wave of European Expansion Into Africa and Asia

Second Wave of European Expansion The main driving force of colonization consists of various reasons. Among them are the desire of countries to acquire additional new resources, the place of sale of goods, the acquisition of a new workforce, and many other factors. Thus, the states aimed to take control...

Europe Between 1788 and 1848: Change and Continuity

In the period between 1788 and 1848, Europe was torn between the two conflicting forces: those of change and of continuity. After the French Revolution, the monarchy in many European countries witnessed a crisis that gave rise to revolutionary movements all across the continent. Political and economic liberalism strived to...

Dunbar’s “Never Caught” Book Analysis

Never caught is a narrative of the story of Ona Judge and is based on the author’s meticulous historical research. To describe the events in the life of the heroine, Dunbar (2017) used primary sources that represent fragments of historical events. In particular, newspaper articles, including later interviews with Judge...

Major Factors That Undermined U.S. Reconstruction Efforts Following the Civil War

In general, Reconstruction aimed to restore the Union, enact progressive legislation, transform Southern society, and provide civil rights to former slaves. However, regardless of positive intentions and all efforts, U.S. Reconstruction was undermined in Confederate states and may be regarded as a failure. First of all, Southern states did not...

Navy Development in Ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome

Abstract This essay argues that, while the leading powers of the archaic period eventually came to acknowledge the necessity of a strong navy, each of them demonstrated a separate range of factors contributing to the process. The list of examined nations includes Egypt, Greece, and Rome in their ancient periods....

Native Americans: Impact of European Colonization

Introduction With the arrival of European colonists to North America, its native residents had to face a plethora of unique problems related to their social, economic, and even physical well-being. Being motivated primarily by the need to expand the range of Europe’s influence, colonists neglected the needs of local residents....

English Colonization and the Road to Revolution

Introduction In the seventeenth century, the political situation in the world was significantly impacted by the active position of the British Empire, which expanded its power on a global scale. It had a particular interest in obtaining the lands of North America, which is why the large territories were gradually...

Tang Empress Wu Zetian and the Pharaoh Cleopatra: Comparative Analysis

Introduction Ancient civilizations had few powerful female leaders who revolutionized the political, military, economic, and social order during their reign. Two bright examples of highly influential political figures are Tang Empress Wu Zetian (also known as Empress Wu or Wu Zhao) and the Pharaoh Cleopatra. According to Fitzgerald, Wu ruled...

Embracing Equality: Gender in Medieval Europe

Between the year 1000 to 1600, critical shifts were experienced in Europe’s different spheres of life. Historically, changes took place in leadership, Christianity, language, music, and gender. Arguably, the gender issue has been a hot topic in Europe since this medieval period. Globally, women are feeling underrepresented when discussing the...

“Race and Revolution” by Gary Nash

Introduction America has undergone a revolution that has helped to give a direction to world history. The perception that people around the globe had about freedom has changed and democracy has increased not forgetting, the human values that have also improved. Slavery took place for a long time before a...

A Homogenous American Society in the 20th Century

As a reaction to the Soviet Union’s increasing influence, parts of American society became extremely similar. Some people even argued that the nation was becoming homogenous. Americans watched the same TV shows, worked for the same companies, bought similar apartments and products, and had identical lives overall. However, the thorough...

The Role of the American Citizens and the Ideology of the Revolution

Nowadays, no one can imagine a slaveholding society, a monopoly, and life in daily dependence on rich people. However, this “nowadays” itself would not have been possible without the achievements of the American Revolution. It tore the fetters that bound the economic development of the colonies, linking their trade and...

Edmund Dene Morel: The Main Protagonist of the Story

The creation of the Congo Reform movement is closely related to the name of Edmund Dene Morel. Through journalistic activism, he uncovered the truth about the ruling of the Congo Free State, the regime of Leopold II (Ramsey 1). In his book, “King Leopold’s Ghost”, Adam Hochschild describes Leopold’s reign...

The Short Life of Évariste Galois and the Big Life of His Ideas

209 years ago, a famous mathematician Évariste Galois was born. He lived only 20 years but managed to become a classic of mathematics and one of the founders of higher algebra. His short biography is well known because it is romantic and interesting to young people. Galois was a fiery...

The War of Independence and Its Impact on Society

Introduction Today is September 21, 1783, and it means that I became a colonist precisely 13 years ago. Great Britain admitted independence of the United States in the Treaty of Paris only a few weeks ago, and I am lucky to witness how America came to its freedom. The country...

The North American Phalanx

A utopian community is a group of closely assembled people united by common ideals and beliefs that live together, support each other, and share work, lands, and profit. Utopian communities were a new social phenomenon that arose in America in the nineteenth century. They quickly became popular, grew, and spread...

Natural Resources in Ancient Egypt

Introduction Almost every person in the world has heard about Egypt. Its pyramids and other massive architectural accomplishments astonish not only ordinary people but also historians and archeologists. Pyramids are the most popular entities associated with Ancient Egypt, but not many people know about other of its achievements. Ancient Egypt...

Sir Frederick Lugard’s Arguments for Imperialism

The 19th century saw a dramatic expansion of European empires around the world. It was driven by numerous factors, including economic interests, internal politics, international rivalries, and ideological considerations such as spreading Western civilization. Although this expansion was supported by broad swathes of the population in colonizer nations, it still...

The Destiny of Constantinople

Mehmed II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, played a great role in the destiny of Constantinople. For many years he was under the shadow of his father, who was a great conqueror. That is why when his father, Murad II, abdicated the throne to Mehmed II when he was a...

K.G.B National Security Agency of Soviet Union

Executive Summary Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti was a Russian translation of Committee for State Security, commonly abbreviated as KGB. The Committee for State Security (KBG), was the Soviet Union national Security agency that existed between 1954 and 1991. However; it is notable that the Republic of Belarus also uses the abbreviation...

The Treaty of Versailles and the Rise of Hitler

Immediately after the end of World War 1, Germany was forced to sign the treaty of Versailles on 28 June 1919 by American allies who had immerged victorious. The Germans hated the treaty so much for having laid on them extremely harsh political and economic conditions. The three allies never...

Native American Studies: “Fool’s Crow” by Welch

Introduction Fool’s Crow is a novel by James Welch, and it has won several awards like the American Book Award and the Los Angeles Times Book Prize when it was published in the year 1986. The novel is set in the year 1870 and it depicts the lives of the...

The North and South of America and a Slavery

The dawn of the 18th century came with new reforms in free America. It had to contend with the abolitionist movement that had begun in South America and Western Europe to stop the slave trade and emancipate those people already in slavery (Abraham 1989). In the United States of America,...

The History of Roman Emperor Diocletian

Introduction Diocletian was born in the year 236 AD and reigned as a Roman emperor between the years 284-305 AD during which, his reign was faced with many changes in the Roman Kingdom. Before his reign as a roman emperor, Diocletian was an army commander before becoming a consulate. During...

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Realism as the Dominant Approach in the World Politics

Introduction Realism was the dominant approach of world politics in the post-war period in the 20th century. It is claimed that realism is the most progressive and the most pragmatic approach, as it presupposes a quick solution of the problems from the position of power. While liberals claim for the...

Impact of the Transcontinental Railroad on the American Economy

The Transcontinental Railroad The transcontinental railroad was constructed in the mid 19th century. The idea of its construction was conceived in 1840s. However, the railway line was completed in 1869. Known as great pacific railroad at the time, the project was initiated under the presidency of Abraham Lincoln and embedded...

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At all times people who thought that their rights were violated stood up for what they considered right which developed into mass revolts and rebellions. Spain saw many such revolts, especially during the eighteenth century but those who organized such revolts never thought of uniting their forces and trying to...

Bourbon’s Reform Efforts and Their Influence on Latin American Independence

Introduction The history of Latin America, as well as its way to independence and prosperity, was long and characterised by a number of unpredictable partnerships and influential reforms. The situation at the Atlantic between the 18th and 19th centuries was not stable from economic and political perspectives, especially, it was...

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Introduction It is the year 1799 in France, a country that has undergone historical and trying times as social protests and political upheaval have thrown the country into chaos and instability. The French Revolution led to the French Republic, guided by new Enlightenment and democratic ideals, the political philosophy of...

Theodore Roosevelt’s “Who Is a Progressive?” Speech

In his 1912 captivating speech, Theodore Roosevelt discusses the meaning of progressivism coupled with highlighting the essential characteristics that progressives should embody. This speech was given at a time when the United States was undergoing significant socio-political changes that needed progressive minds to ensure social justice and equality together with...

History of the United Arab Emirates

Introduction The history of the area starts in the 7th century when Islam was converted, but the archeological research shows that the first human occupation can be referred to as the Neolithic period. A new formation, United Arab Emirates, comprising six emirates (Abu Dhabi, Umm al-Qaiwain, Sharjah, Fujairah, Dubai, and...

Rhetorical Analysis: “I Have a Dream” Speech

It can be stated without a doubt that Martin Luther King’s speech “I Have a Dream” is among the most memorable and outstanding speeches up to date. It touches upon such themes as race, equality, plans and dreams, repression, religion, and visions of America, all of which can be considered...

American Articles of Confederation vs. Constitution: Pros and Cons

The primary goal of this essay is to compare and contrast the content of the Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution by presenting the weaknesses and threats of both documents. It could be assumed that the U.S. Constitution provides detailed information about the importance of government by providing additional...

Social Welfare History in America

Introduction The establishment of the social welfare system in the United States of America was one of the most critical undertakings. The institution of social welfare dates back to a few centuries ago when Queen Elizabeth introduced it in the 15th century. The true “definition and perspective of looking at...

The Role of the Communist Revolution and the Cold War in East Asia

Introduction The Communist Revolution in the East Asia region took place between the 1930s and 1940s (Meisner 2). It is a period that was characterized by acts of heroism and enhanced unity of the communities that took part in the revolution amidst the injustices that marred the uprising. However, one...

Clausewitz’s Paradoxical Trinity Throughout History

Introduction The concept of war is as old as the human world, as wars permeate the entire history of humanity. Many events caused wars, but all of them can be divided into three types that Carl von Clausewitz distinguishes in his theory. In short, he calls these reasons passion, probability,...

Gorbachev’s 1988 UN Speech: A Call for Global Peace and Security

Why did Gorbachev choose the United Nations as his forum for this speech? The speech of Gorbachev in the United Nations in 1988 was not accidental. The fundamental tasks of the United Nations are the following ones, namely strengthening peace and providing security for the global community. Any speech that...

The Kosovo Liberation Front – Heroes, Villains or Both?

Introduction The Kosovo Liberation Front, also known as Kosovo Liberation Army, was a para-military movement that fought against Serbian army, security forces, and pro-Serbian movements in Kosovo insurgency of 1995-1999, which ended with the formation of an independent and partially-recognized Albanian state. Its role and place in history are disputed...

The Arts and Craft Movement and Influential Issues

Arts and Craft Movement is one of the most famous and influential interest groups that were created between 1880 and 1910. Its traits can be observed in numerous works of modern designers. Certain political, economic, and social issues were taken into account while the introduction of that new style to...

Motivations of United States Civil War Soldiers: An In-Depth Exploration

The United States Civil War started in 1861 and ended in 1865 (Keene, Cornell, and O’Do 2-4). It was a terrific war that ended up costing many lives. The key players were the Union soldiers fighting on behalf of the Northern States and the Confederate soldiers fighting on behalf of...

Transcendentalism and the Feminist Movement

Introduction Transcendentalism was a concept that led to a movement that had the same name in the 1920s and 1930s. This interest group has roots in various parts of the world, including the United States. The assembly arose from the desire of the general population to protest the existing conditions...

Thomas Jefferson: Achievements and Controversies in U.S. History

Thomas Jefferson was one of the representatives in the United States General Congress who authored the Declaration of Independence. Jefferson was from Virginia. The declaration represented the wishes, the will, and the hope of the people. This was a unanimous declaration by thirteen states. Jefferson is considered one of the...

Defying Hitler: A Memoir by Sebastian Haffner

Introduction After the First World War, Germany was conquered, weak and helpless. Its Citizen were desperate and ready to trust that anything someone said, to get any step essential, and to ease them feeling of self denial and overpowered. Due to this, Adolph Hitler managed to rise into supremacy so...

The Olmec and Rapa Nui Civilizations

Introduction The Southern Gulf Coast of Mexico is believed to have been home to the ancient Olmec culture (Diehl 93). Olmec civilization emerged around 1200BC and it developed distinct and complex structures, which have had impact to the people of Mexico up to date. In addition, the civilization instilled a...

The Umayyad-Hashemite Civil War and the Birth of the Sunni-Shiite Islamic Schism

Introduction According to the history of the Arab dynasties, Abd Manaf ibn Qusai was the ancestor of the Umayyad family, as well as, Prophet Muhammad. According to the history of the Arabs, “Muhammad descended from Abd Manaf through his son Hashim, while the Umayyad family descended from Abd Manaf via...

The Colonization Process of New France

In the 17th century, France attempted to colonize new regions in the world in order to expand their influence. Jacques Cartier was the force behind the expeditions in 1534; he claimed the Chaleur Bay for his country, France. Further, the prominent sailor in his several trips conquered St. Lawrence River....

Role of Women in Modern vs. Traditional Chinese Society

The role of women in Modern Chinese Society contrasts greatly from traditional Chinese society. There are more equality and fairness, and most Chinese people back in China and abroad regard their women with respect. “Chinese women are now entitled to occupational and educational opportunities” (e How inc). It is important...

Hatshepsut’s Reign: Power, Art, and Legacy in Ancient Egypt

Overview of the Ruler and Key Achievements I am Hatshepsut, a governor of Egypt, and not a typical pharaoh, for I am a woman, a queen who ascended the throne to rule for over two decades. Being a ruler in Ancient Egypt encompassed far more than one could imagine. From...

Columbian Exchange: Commodities, People, and Global Impact

Introduction The events of the 15th century brought about the beginning of the colonialist era and changed the world drastically. Christopher Columbus’ exploration of the continents, unknown to European travelers and travelers from other parts of the world, opened an exchange of commodities and people. This exchange became known as...

Battle’s Hard Aftermath by Steven Cowie: Article Analysis and Historical Interpretation

Introduction and Thesis “Battle’s Hard Aftermath” by Steven Cowie is the scholarly historical periodical Civil War Times article selected for analysis in this work. In this paper, Cowie mainly focuses on the aftermath of the Battle of Antietam, which destroyed the houses and fields of Sharpsburg residents and cost several...

The Blair Mountain Battle: A Turning Point in Labor History

Introduction The age of industrialization marked not just the inception of a new phase of capitalism but also brought to light the disparities between labor and industry. In the early 20th century, significant events in labor history unfolded globally and within the United States. Among the most exploited laborers were...

Colonial Development and Its Impact on North America: Insights from The American Yawp

Drivers of European Exploration of the New World North American colonial growth was a hugely intricate and complicated process. It was primarily a tale of human ambition, characterized by the desire to dominate and subjugate the New World that European explorers had accidentally discovered. The early history of the United...

External Factors of the Northern Lake Superior Métis Community’s Evolution

Introduction The Northern Lake Superior Historic Métis Community is a historically significant Métis group in Ontario, Canada. Various reports and sources provide a historical narrative of the evolution of its identity and culture. The evolution of this community, influenced by historical events and external pressures such as the fur trade...

Romanticism in the 18th and 19th Century Great Britain

Introduction Romanticism as a cultural phenomenon was formed in Great Britain earlier than in other countries of Western Europe. Pre-romanticism took shape in a single ideological and artistic system in the second half of the 18th century. Its components took on concrete outlines – the Gothic novel, sentimental poetry, the...

Phillis Wheatley and the American Revolution

Phillis Wheatley was the first African American woman poet to publish a poetic book in English. With her roots in Senegal, West Africa, she found her way to the west as an enslaved person during the 18th century. As a young enslaved person, she was purchased by the Wheatley family,...

The Populist and Progressive Eras in the US

The activity of populists and progressives intensified in the late 19th and early 20th, as the aftermath of the Gilded Age. During this time, although there was significant economic growth, the American population faced increased injustice and ignorance from the wealthiest part of the population. The resistance movement received its...

American Expansion in the Nineteenth Century

Introduction The United States passed a long way to become today’s world giant. The country had to struggle to strengthen its global position with the help of colonial policy, though the ambiguous legacy of such decisions re-echoes now. Thus, various factors, including economic, strategic, and ideological, shaped American imperialism in...

Why the US Mistreated the Japanese American

Introduction The bombing of Pearl Harbor by the Japanese was a devastating blow to the United States, and it sparked America’s entry into World War II. In 1941, tensions were already high between the U.S. and Japan. The two nations had been competing for power in Asia and trading partners...

The United States Fire Problem

Introduction Fire is a common hazard and threat to safety in the United States at both the residential and commercial levels. Prevention and mitigation of loss have always been a priority for the agencies designated to protect the citizenry from fire hazards. Over the years, such organizations have conducted research...

“What’s Wrong with Equal Rights for Women?” by Phyllis Schlafly

In the early 1970s, the feminist movement sought greater recognition and representation for women in society. However, only some people shared the same view on the issue. In the assigned excerpt from the document, “What’s Wrong with Equal Rights for Women?” Phyllis Schlafly, a conservative political activist, offered her critique...

Critical Changes in American Society From the 1790s to the 1840s

Introduction The second third of the 19th century is one of the key stages in the historical development of the United States. Achieving excellent power status is impossible without expansion, which is a high road to world recognition. The general rule, however, is that such a rise is not a...

The UK Queens Elizabeth I and Elizabeth II

The history of Great Britain, in particular England, has many dynasties that succeeded one after another. Among the formidable kings of the Middle Ages and the times of absolutism, queens also ruled, great women who left their mark on the history of the country. One of these queens, “symbols of...

Declaration of Independence and Constitution

The Declaration of Independence is a list of grievances against the English king, and it broke the political ties between Great Britain and the American colonies. The document set the principles and ideas that form a fair and just government. On the other hand, the Constitution outlined how the new...

William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass

Introduction William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass were two of the most important figures in the American abolition movement. In “To the Public,” Garrison calls for an immediate end to slavery, while in “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?” Douglass criticizes the way American freedom is celebrated...

Reasons for O’Neill’s Episodic Triumph and Failure

Introduction The case of Ireland and the famous Nine-Year War featuring Hugh O’Neill and his allies between 1594 and 1603 is one such global example of a detrimental happenstance for power extension. Hugh O’Neill’s capacity to engage the powerful English dynasty in the war for nine years makes O’Neill a...

Thomas Jefferson’s Beliefs About Indians & Blacks

Thomas Jefferson, the nation’s third president, can be considered a real enthusiast for implementing Indian education policy. Enlightening Indians and blacks was a mission, the ideological basis of the American thinker’s racial theory. Not being a strong orator; however, Jefferson put his thoughts on paper, and in letters, his ideology...

Greek Legacy in Ancient Roman Culture

Romans were fascinated by how the Greek culture was advanced. Romans used the Greek philosophies and concepts to their advantage and developed one of the most powerful empires in the world. Politically, the ancient Greeks had a system of government that had a group of citizens vote on whether to...

Risorgimento Movement in Italian History

Risorgimento, a 19th-century movement for Italian consolidation, has multiple political actors that spurred or delayed its development. One of such individual is Metternich, a statesman whose political views influenced the minds of the Europeans regarding Italy. Namely, Metternich believed Italy had no political reality and stated it was “a purely...

The Mongols and the Vikings Impact on Eurasia

In the question of whether Vikings or Mongols had a greater impact on Eurasia, one should examine their conquests and political impact as well as cultural influence. Furthermore, it is necessary to consider that Viking expansion took place long before the Mongols started their expansion. Lastly, it is necessary to...

Sayeeda Sakina’s Biography After Karbala

Sayeeda Sakina, or Sukaina bint Husayn, was a 4-year-old daughter of Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the great Islamic Prophet Muhammad. Her biography is tightly connected with the battle of Karbala, the great event which became the point of the schism of the Muslims into the Sunni and Shi’a...

Writings of Sarmiento and Bolívar on Identity

Comparing the documents and writings of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento and Simón Bolívar, one of the primary findings is drawn from the examination of their thinking regarding the connections between diversity, identity, and otherness. The historical context of their work is concerned with breaking free from colonial ties, which enables considerations...

Jesse Owens: A Story of Struggle and Perseverance

Jesse Owens was a Black American track and field athlete most notable for winning four gold medals at the 1936 Olympic Games. Like any person of color, he faced many challenges and barriers throughout his life and career. Despite his great international achievement, he had an objectively hard childhood. He...

Strauss’ The Trojan War: A New History

Introduction The events of the Trojan War are connected with various myths, and historians have tried to distinguish the truth from fiction for many centuries. Homer’s variant of war history is used as the source of historically accurate facts, a biased position. Barry Strauss’ position on the Trojan War is...

Civil Rights Equality and Equity: Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr.

The 1960’s epitomize the civil rights struggle in the United States (US). The struggle to advocate for equality and equity was mainly led by two distinct movements. The movements were headed by two men who have outlived history because of their devotion and fight for the black man’s freedom: Malcolm...