The Lancaster Treaty of 1744 Published by Franklin

The official record of the Lancaster Treaty of 1744 published by Franklin presents a picture of tense but respectful negotiations marked by a high degree of cultural understanding. When we include informal accounts, like those by Bartram, Weiser, and Marshe, we find confirmation and complementation of the official record. The...

Africa in World History: Reasons of Hindering Success

Colonization took place almost in all parts of the world, depending on the level of civilization that societies had then. Many countries would overpower colonial agents after a series of battles towards independence. Africa, in this case, appears to be among the continents that were at the hands of colonialists...

Industrial Revolution and the Nineteenth Century Society

Introduction The French revolution significantly and rapidly transformed France’s political system, and Napoleon’s conquests extended several of the revolutionary concepts to other regions of Europe in an incredibly rapid and startling manner. During this period, the early 19th century, another revolution, an industrial kind of revolution, was altering the European...

Congressman John Lewis: Southern History

Congressman John Lewis is well known as one of the prominent six leaders of the Civil Rights Movement that took place in the 1960s. He is considered one of the most courageous people in the era of segregation. John Lewis first gained fame at 16 when he preached at his...

North American Colonies’ Connection to Atlantic Commerce by Laws

A crucial role in Atlantic commerce played the Navigation laws. The primary purpose of the Navigation act was to move toward mercantilism and gain control and monopoly over the world market and increase the profit of England significantly (Foner 91). Those laws implied that the most expensive goods from the...

How Taxation Led to the American Revolution

Introduction Throughout the 1700s, the British government and its colonies had tension-filled relationships. The end of the French and Indian war in 1763 increased the tensions even further, and most of the colonies started demanding rights that their ancestors thought were privileges (Otis). Britain had started losing grip on its...

David and Bathsheba: Historical and Cultural Context

Introduction The story of David and Bathseba is one of the narratives in the Bible, which initiated a series of tragic events. More specifically, they included the destiny of Bathsheba’s husband, the affair of David’s son with his sister Tamar, and the man’s transgression over time. Therefore, the complexity of...

Princess Diana: Brief Biography

Introduction It would be difficult to find a more inspiring, beloved yet tragic figure in the history of the 20th century British monarchy than Princess Diana Windsor. The phenomenon of the worldwide love for her has been explored by multiple authors, both within and outside the academic sphere. Relatively approachable,...

Colonialism in the 18th Century

The 18th century had great significance in American history; it incorporated concepts that rhymed with the awakening period. The era covers the stages undertaken in the American Constitution’s development and the Bill of Rights impacts. The patriots adhered to ethics that emphasized suitable approaches in agitating for the rights and...

The Dutch Republic of the 17th Century

The 17th century for Europe is the era of large kingdoms such as Poland, France, and England. Against this background, the Dutch Republic stood out both territorially, having much less land, and in terms of its structure. Unlike other countries, it did not have any absolute ruler. Instead, the political...

Narrative of Henry Box Brown, Who Escaped from Slavery

Some slave narratives were handed down verbally, while others were written by slaves or recounted by slaves and then transcribed by a friend or family. These stories highlighted the arduous life of the industrious slaves, including depictions of brutal masters, whippings, difficulty in learning to read and write, slave auctions,...

Miserable Life as Enslaved People

Slavery is a state in which another powerful man denies freedom to some people. Enslaved people were mostly transported to provide labour to European countries overseas. In this case, they were considered to belong to someone else. In some communities, enslaved humans were considered movable and transported to other countries...

Herodotus on the Egyptians: World History

I believe that Herodotus had a valid opinion on how influential some of the Egyptian customs have been to the Greeks. For instance, Egyptians had the same type of social hierarchy, with the upper class of land and slave owners and the lower class with limited rights. Some religious similarities...

History: Primary Sources and Changing Interpretations

“The Jesuit Relations“ were plugged as field letters from the minister clerics, reports of witnesses, and declarations. Positively the Jesuits may have attempted to pass on confidence about the advancement of Spanish in changing over the Native Americans, as it was exceptionally sluggish. “The Jesuit Relations” is regularly addressed concerning...

The Development of Cannons and Fortresses

The development of technology and warfare are interrelated processes that are based on the expansion of knowledge. Although the printing press was invented after the first cannons and fortresses, it had a significant impact on the subsequent development of military projects. The printing press and expansion of knowledge have allowed...

The Limits on Absolutism in England

Historically, societies around the world have utilized numerous forms of government with varying degrees of centralization of power; one of them was absolutism. As in many other monarchies of Europe, England had absolutism, but it was also one of the countries that began to limit monarchs’ absolute power. Thus, the...

Benjamin Franklin “The Autobiography” Review

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is among the most important historical documents of the United States and is the major literary work of its author. It was and is the very first autobiography to reach the general public and gain widespread popularity. The document’s importance lies in the fact that...

Importance of Polis in Ancient Greek

The significance of Polis resides in the structure of the ancient Greek world. Polis was a structure of community, or territory of the land. It means a community of people living together. Research indicates that Polis is the birthplace of culture (Oniszczuk 33). Thus, an individual Polis was different from...

American and French Revolutions’ Goals and Progression

The eighteenth century was marked by revolutionary movements, which fought to expand their political rights under the influence of Enlightenment ideas. During 1765-1783, the American Revolution took place, and a little later, in 1789-1799 – the French. During both revolutions, citizens fought for their freedom against the full power of...

African American Soldiers and the Civil War

African American soldiers played an essential role in the American Civil War (1861-1865). The Civil War was the war between States – the Union and the Confederate, the North and the South. It began because the South wanted to secede, but the North did not agree. The white Northerners accepted...

Canadians’ Reconciliation with Indigenous People

Formal reconciliation efforts in Canada were initiated in 1998 when the Federal Government responded to the Commission’s report on Indigenous Affairs. The process aimed to improve the experience of indigenous peoples in the field of child welfare, education, and culture. Reconciliation refers to actions taken to address the harm to...

Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter: The Fight Against Black Oppression

Two documents are essential to American history of the fight against black oppression: a letter to Martin Luther King, Jr. from a group of church ministers, Bishops of Alabama, and his response. They called for a peaceful solution to the issues of oppression of blacks through internal forces. To this...

Dorothy Height’s Biography and Significance

A leader is a person who has the power to influence a crowd of people to achieve a specific goal in life. A leader must lead by example and be focused and deep-rooted to the plan even if no one supports them. African American female leaders are mostly not recognized...

Bintel Brief Letters – Discussion

The “Bintel Brief” letters and responses from the Jewish Daily Forward editors are remarkable proof of how similar in nature, albeit different in shape, were the problems encountered by immigrant Americans throughout the twentieth century. The main topics revealed in letters and replies are the opinions of the inner circle,...

Influence of Enlightenment and the Great Awakening on the American Revolution

The Revolution depicted a period of political and ideological transformation in North America between 1765 and 1783. The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening were important events that facilitated the social change between settlers and British colonizers. Individuals became informed regarding knowledge of natural laws and human rights during the former...

Canopic Jar Egyptians Mummification

Ancient Egyptians used canopic jars mostly during the mummification period to contain and protect their owners’ viscera for the hereafter. They were usually either crafted from granite or produced from pottery. The jars were essential in both the Old Kingdom and the Late Ptolemaic era when the viscera were packed...

The Role of Women During Civil War: Annotated Bibliography

Giesberg, J. (2013). Waging war their own way: Women and the Civil War in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Legacies, 13(1-2), 16-27. Web. This article presents information regarding women’s activities in Pennsylvania during the Civil War. It describes their contributions to providing soldiers with homemade goods and emphasizes the female population’s role in...

Scientific Revolution and Technological Advancement

Introduction Before the French revolution, there were only two nations that acknowledged the concept of human right, which are the Great Britain and the USA, its former colony. Despite the interpretative differences in the national history of the French revolution, the country embraced only civil and political rights. However, the...

The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom 1963

August 28, 1963 is considered to be a prominent date for the history of America. It was the turning point for the Civil Rights Movement. It was the day when the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom took place, and millions of black people were inspired to fight for...

The Creation of the Constitution of the USA

Introduction There is no use denying the fact that the history of every country has a great number of various moments that could be taken as the steps made by this very state to achieve its independence and guarantee its development. Moreover, these steps also show which values were appreciated...

Woodrow Wilson’s “Fourteen Points”

I believe that the implementation of Woodrow Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” could have resulted in the creation of an international peace organization. In his speech, Woodrow Wilson proposed several principles and goals for maintaining peace in the world, which might have been a foundation for an intergovernmental organization such as the...

The Impact of the Wars on Western Civilization

Introduction History is full of wars and regardless of the fact that this phenomenon is considered to be negative, many of them are the basis of significant historical events. The consequences of some wars still affect the population of the modern world. They manage to turn history in a different...

Napoleon Bonaparte’s Biography and Role in the French Revolution

Napoleon Bonaparte is one of the most remarkable figures in the history of humanity. Along with his outstanding military talent, this charismatic man can be praised for his ability to inspire people around him to act in a heroic way. In the following paper, the biography of this remarkable historical...

The President Roosevelt’s New Deal Programs

Introduction Between 1933 and 1939, President Roosevelt endorsed the New Deal programs in the United States to counter the effects of the great depression through programs, financial reforms, public work projects, and regulations. These programs answered the needs of Americans in recovery, reform, and relief after facing the economic meltdown...

Christianity in the Roman Empire

Christianity began its existence as a small sect and ended up being a major worldwide religion. Its history starts in the Roman Empire, where it managed to survive the cruel persecutions and was legalised by Emperor Constantine I, who has become a Christian himself. The reason for the triumph of...

The Role of the American Citizens and the Ideology of the Revolution

Nowadays, no one can imagine a slaveholding society, a monopoly, and life in daily dependence on rich people. However, this “nowadays” itself would not have been possible without the achievements of the American Revolution. It tore the fetters that bound the economic development of the colonies, linking their trade and...

Sharecropping. History of Racial Agriculture

Introduction The sharecropping system arose in the Post-Reconstruction era as a means of revitalizing the Southern agrarian economy. However, it quickly became a form of racialized agriculture which aimed to maintain the social order that existed during slavery and subjugate freed black slaves to economic exploitation. Sharecropping quickly became another...

History of Graffiti in Pompeii

After the eruption of Vesuvius on August 24, 79 AD, the entire city of Pompeii in the Gulf of Naples was buried under a layer of volcanic ash and forgotten until the middle of the XVIII century. Today, the city of Pompeii is one of the most significant archaeological sites,...

Texas Secession: Major Problems in Texas History

The Texas secession from the United States in 1861 was not an unforeseen political move as discontent among Texans with the Union’s direction had been continuously growing. This decision resulted in joining the group of six other states that left the Union earlier before the inauguration of Lincoln. Then Texas...

The Vietnam War From 1955 to 1975

The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, was a conflict between North and South Vietnam and lasted from 1955 to 1975. The anti-communist coalition that supported South Vietnam was led by the US. The leading nations that fought on the side of North Vietnam were the Soviet...

Bocassa, the Cruel Ruler

The African continent has a unique history, as it has hardly been completely independent during its existence but was a metropolitan colony as a source of oil, uranium, and ores. This created a rather harsh socio-economic environment in mainland countries, which indeed hurt local populations. In particular, the Central African...

Why Does Lucretia Commit Suicide?

Lucretia was a noblewoman known for her innocence, beauty, and suicide that she committed after a rape. Her death is a symbol of dishonor in human relationships in Ancient Rome. Livy introduced Lucretia as “occupying herself differently,” which tells about her high honor and the distinction from other women (79)....

The Impact of Martin Luther King’s Speech

Before the Speech Martin Luther King Junior delivered the speech, “I Have a Dream,” in 1963. It was heard by an initial two hundred thousand people, beyond any other rally in the history of the U.S at that time. The speech’s content put pressure on President Lyndon’s administration to push...

Mesopotamia: From Sumer to Babylon

Introduction Mesopotamia is one of the greatest civilizations in world history. Most technological inventions and writing systems of contemporary society exist because of Mesopotamian contribution. The first writing system and literary work are attributed to this civilization. Throughout its history, the region was ruled by several empires, including Sumers and...

Age of Discovery as Age of Destruction: Expansion Cost

The era of great geographic discoveries is well-known and well-remembered for the supposed progress that it provided for Europe. However, up until recently, the massive harm caused to indigenous people, who have been severely affected by the thoughtless actions and violence of colonizers, has been neglected. Although economically, expansion into...

Canoes of North American Indigenous People

Introduction Canoes have always been an integral part of the life of ancient tribes. Ancient people all over the world started to build canoes as early as 8200 BC (“Native American canoes,” n.d.). North American Indigenous tribes were making dugout and birch-bark canoes long before the first European settlers came...

The Spanish-American War: Causes and Impact

The Spanish-American war was the armed conflict in 1898 between two major countries in that historical period. The fight fundamentally changed the world structure, impacting the future economics and political dominance significantly, hence being an essential event in the development of chronicles (Marolda 4). The research paper will look into...

The Presidency of George W. Bush

George W. Bush was the President of the United States between 2001 and 2009, succeeding Bill Clinton and being followed by Barack Obama. His presidency was accompanied by controversy from beginning to end, starting with the election results and ending with the 2008 financial crisis. Nevertheless, he was able to...

Collision at Cajamarca: ‘Guns, Germs and Steel’ by Jared Diamond

Guns, Germs and Steel is the most famous book of the writer –Jared Diamond. It examines the history of humanity in order to answer a question that has tormented many scientists –why did humankind develop unevenly. At the turn of the Middle Ages and Modern times, Europe came into contact...

Articles of Confederation vs. Constitution

Introduction The Constitution and the Articles of Confederation both marked the path towards the beginning of the democratic tradition in the United States. These documents and the process of their creation laid the foundation for this nation, and it is critical to analyze them. The comparison of the main provisions,...

Sectionalism and Slavery in American History

Sectionalism and slavery are important topics in American history. Sectionalism refers to the divide that was created between the northern and southern territories. For the Northerners, the wage system was a preferred method of capitalism whereas the Southerners preferred slavery. The slaves referred commonly to the black population that had...

Alexander The Great’s and Wellington’s Leadership Styles

Introduction Alexander the Great is also known as Alexander III hailing from Macedon. He was a leader of Macedon which is a state located in the northern part of ancient Greece. Aristotle tutored him until he was 16 years of age. When he turned 30, he had one of the...

Karl Marx and His Contributions to Study of Economics

Thesis Karl Marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) is known as a prominent philosopher, journalist, sociologist, and, first of all, economist. In every one of these spheres, he has left a priceless heritage that remains useful even nowadays. In this work, his biography is reviewed and it is...

Americanos: Latin America’s Struggle for Independence

Across the history of America, there was lots of dispute about whether or not the Americans may rightfully refer to themselves by this name. The process of acquiring independence in Latin America started with the concept of “popular sovereignty” which required determining who can be called “Sovereign People.” Everybody who...

Waves of Immigration in the United States

Since 1877, the US had experienced several waves of immigration that shaped its policy and contributed to the creation of the different society characterized by great diversity and power. Nevertheless, there are still some opponents, who tend to believe that the policy of openness is unprofitable and it should be...

King Menes Historical Analysis

Introduction King Menes as a historical figure in western civilization participated immensely in Egyptian civilization. Egypt consisted of two kingdoms, which were the Upper Egypt, in addition to Lower Egypt. Lower Egypt was symbolized by a cobra, while a lotus signified Upper Egypt. The paper tries to analyze the success...

Emperor Taizong of Tang on Effective Government

To rule efficiently, an emperor needs other people. Engaging these people is necessary because what makes a country is its people. In addition, since a country is too big, the responsibility of governing becomes too demanding for an emperor to rule alone. Therefore, a ruler needs people, both distant and...

Difference Between Articles of Confederation and Constitution

The late 1770s can be described as a difficult but eventful time for America. After the revolution, 80000 Loyalists had left the country; this paved the road for more democratic changes. Conservative opinions leaned toward a stronger government presence while radical ones thought that financial issues of people should be...

The Rise and Rule of Octavian

Introduction Octavian, who would later establish himself as one of the most tactical and charismatic rulers of the Roman Empire, was born in September 23rd in 63 BC. Octavian was actually a nephew to Julius Caesar, having been born to Atia, Julius Caesar’s niece and Gaius Octavius. Although his father...

The Interstate Highway Act of 1956 and Its Impact on America

Overview of The Interstate Highway Act of 1956 The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 which is commonly known as the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act was enacted on June 29, 1956, when the bill was signed into law by Dwight D. Eisenhower who was then the president1. This was...

Native American Studies: “Fool’s Crow” by Welch

Introduction Fool’s Crow is a novel by James Welch, and it has won several awards like the American Book Award and the Los Angeles Times Book Prize when it was published in the year 1986. The novel is set in the year 1870 and it depicts the lives of the...

The Swahili Culture and History: Shirazi People

Introduction The Shirazi is a group of Swahili-speaking people found along the coast of East Africa. The Swahili people have been known variety of diversified traditions and some very confusing history. A lot of research has been done on these people mainly from the fact that they seem to have...

Victorian Society, Its Values and Beliefs

The Victorian era, getting its name from Queen Victoria who had a long reign over Great Britain from 1837 to 1901, was a very significant one regarding its bringing about a supreme change in the moral values of people dwelling there. It was distinct in terms of imposing a strict...

The Ottoman Empire in the World’s History

Introduction Before the current state boundaries, most of the legislative regions were kingdoms and empires. Unlike the current boundaries that are limited in terms of their geographical extension, the empires and kingdoms stretched far and wide. One of the empires that have had an impact in history is the Ottoman...

Chris Ward’s “Stalin’s Russia” Book Summary

Ward’s work on Stalin’s Russia has seven chapters. Chapter 1 tries to explain the rise of Stalin. Chapter 2 focuses on the assessment of the industrialization campaign that happened between the years 1924 and 1941. Chapter 3 tries to capture the reasons for the collectivization drive that happened between the...

The Cold War in the 1950’s

Introduction The cold war was mainly a continuing state of conflict that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union and their allies, this occurred during the 1940s to the 1990s. The cold war involved military coalitions, attacks, arms development and spirited technological growth. During World War II, the...

Charlemagne, Justinian and Theodore Governments

Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, became a joint king in Franks in 788 together with his brother Carloman. Later his brother died in 771 thus, Charlemagne ruled the kingdom alone. When Charlemagne came to power, most parts of northern Europe had drifted into lawlessness and paganism. He was...

The History of Witchcraft in Salem

Introduction When researching on Witchcraft in Salem using the web sites that were given, I learnt that Salem was not the first place where witchcraft was performed. This is so because witchcraft is something that has been there quite long time before Christ. For instance, witchcraft was condemned in the...

Colonization and Indigenous Australian-Aboriginal Health Issues

Introduction The Australian population is constituted by 2% of the indigenous population. This proportion has faced drastic changes in various aspects of their society stemming from their colonization by European settlers. This essay seeks to explore the effects of colonization on the health issues of Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait...

Roosevelt Corollary in the Light of the “The Monroe Doctrine” of 1823

It is important to understand the stance taken by President Theodore Roosevelt in the introduction of the Roosevelt Corollary, in the light of the ‘The Monroe Doctrine’ of 1823. The Monroe Doctrine was put forth in the year 1823 by President James Monroe, which called for an end of the...

Realism as the Dominant Approach in the World Politics

Introduction Realism was the dominant approach of world politics in the post-war period in the 20th century. It is claimed that realism is the most progressive and the most pragmatic approach, as it presupposes a quick solution of the problems from the position of power. While liberals claim for the...

Agriculture the Backbone of Ancient Egypt’s Economy

In pre-industrial societies, agriculture was the backbone of most economies. This is true in ancient times and very much evident in ancient Egypt. Five thousand years ago a mighty kingdom emerged when a chain of independent city-states lining the River Nile united to support one Pharaoh. Thousands of years later...

History of Palau Independence

Palau was established as a sovereign country by the Compact of Free Association on 1st October, 1994, which guaranteed the continuation of military, economic and political links between Palau and the US for fifty years. The Compact of Free Association outlines the relationships that three sovereign countries had entered into...

Benito Mussolini’s Rise and Fall

Abstract This research paper looks critically at the life and times of Benito Mussolini. The paper begins by discussing how by 1919 most Italians had turned their support to the socialist and the catholic party in the hope that it would solve their problems. The paper discusses the early life...

North American Colonies: Virginia and Massachusetts

Introduction From the very beginning the new territories were opened up to search for some new sources of minerals, fur, natural resources, wood, and other different useful things for which the developed territories could be rich. One more reason to establish colonies on the territory of Americas was the religious...

The Five Civilized Tribes

Introductory paragraph The history of the Five Civilized Tribes has for a long time seemed quite heartrending to American historians. Instead of upholding the kind of savagery that was highly expected from these native tribes during the civilization period, the southeastern Native American Indians almost eagerly embraced many of the...

Historical and Political Causes of Structural Violence in Haiti

Structural violence is a word that was first used in the 1960s. Initially, structural violence denoted a type of violence that was practiced by a particular social structure that involved killing people slowly but gradually to prevent them from achieving their potential. This in essence means the destruction of essential...

The American Revolution: Was it Inevitable?

The period of the American Revolution was marked by great transformations in the social and political consciousness of states. The colonies under British rule were constantly dependent upon the British monarchy and rules by British laws. They were weak both economically and politically governed by British governors. These periods had...

The Manuscripts of Tupac Amaru Rebellion

At all times people who thought that their rights were violated stood up for what they considered right which developed into mass revolts and rebellions. Spain saw many such revolts, especially during the eighteenth century but those who organized such revolts never thought of uniting their forces and trying to...

Cross Cultural Exchanges in the World

Scientists believe that human life began in Eastern Africa within the Rift Valley. As time went by, small bands of these early humans who were mainly hunters left the rift valley and gradually migrated across Africa. Others may have gone north along the river Nile and crossed into Europe and...

The Phenomenon of Prohibition

Abstract Prohibition is a phenomenon that took place between 1920 and 1933 which was regarded as a noble experiment. It was passed as a law to stop people from consuming alcohol and had a lot of repercussions, some of which are felt even today. Most of the people who suffered...

“The Peopling of British North America” by Bernard Bailyn

The book The Peopling of British North America by Bernard Bailyn presents unique facts and data, discussions and arguments which show that the Frontier has ag reta impact on American history and development of the nation. A frontier line determined lifestyle and culture, language and religious uniqueness of settlers. As...

Book Divided by Faith by Michael Emerson Review

The book is a general attempt to shed light on the racial prejudices that exist in American society. People, through various institutions, have brought back the racial boundaries that have existed there before. As much as people are trying to fight racial prejudice that is a source of inequality in...

Simon Bolivar and “Ungovernable” America

Introduction Simon Bolivar was one of the first and the most persistent fighters for the South America’s independence. He made a great contribution to the independence of such countries as Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela. Strange as it may seem but Simon Bolivar, though being such a goal-oriented person, still...

Impacts of the ‘Century of Humiliation’ on China

The history of China over the last century and a half is engulfed with a large range of paradoxical experiences that vary from national disgrace to total chaos as also from disgrace to moments of excitement and big achievements. It is truly said that the present successes of China are,...

“Cowboys and Indians: The Shooting of J. J. Harper” by Gordon Sinclair Jr.

Introduction The natives of Canada are a group of people who claim to have been discriminated against for ages by white citizens. The fault appears to lie in the police force too. Winnipeg police are infamous in this aspect. They have been negligent in meeting justice to the natives. Intent...

Racism in Minnesota in Relation to the Klu Klux Klan

Minnesota is the State known for its ten thousand lakes but in the 20th century, it was also known as the hotbed for racism. It seems that local inhabitants of the State resisted the idea of integration with people of other races especially African-Americans, Jews, and Europeans who are non-Protestants....

Canada History Since Confederation

The new state of 1867 – 4 provinces on the Atlantic and along the Laurentian Basin – expanded extraordinarily in less than a decade to stretch from sea to sea. Rupert’s Land, from Ontario to the Rockies and north to the Arctic, was purchased from the Hudson’s Bay company in...

Women’s Roles in Wartime: Ancient Greece vs. Rome

According to the world literature, various communities have continued to restrict the ability and rights of women to manage as well as own property. Highly regarded women who dared to spend their time in public were frowned upon. Nevertheless, at times women applied the power of public protest to make...

Weimar Berlin Culture in German History

In the interwar period from 1919 to 1933, the Weimar Republic became an unofficial name for Germany. During this time, Berlin became Europe’s intellectual and creative hub, pioneering in the modern arts as well as science. At the time, the economy and political situation in Germany was experiencing hardships, whereas...

The Characteristics of Successful Warfare After the Second World War

Annotated Bibliography Kavanagh, Jennifer, Bryan Frederick, Alexandra Stark, Nathan Chandler, Meagan L. Smith, Matthew Povlock, Lynn E. Davis, and Edward Geist. Characteristics of U.S. Successful Military Interventions. Santa Monica: RAND Corporation, 2019. This research-based source reports the results of the statistical study that was devoted to analyzing important interventions involving...

Alcohol Difference in the United States and Europe

The types of alcohol and the patterns of its consumption vary across the countries. Historically, the attitude towards it was changing depending on the socio-political and the economic situation. Europe and the United States belong to the same Western civilization, and it is understandable why many processes associated with this...

Bully: An Adventure With Teddy Roosevelt

Jerome Alden’s play, Bully: An Adventure with Teddy Roosevelt is set in the year 1912. It follows Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States. In 1912, he attempted to run for a third term as President. The play is split into two acts: in the first, Roosevelt reminisces...

Nationalism in the French Revolution of 1789

Introduction It is the year 1799 in France, a country that has undergone historical and trying times as social protests and political upheaval have thrown the country into chaos and instability. The French Revolution led to the French Republic, guided by new Enlightenment and democratic ideals, the political philosophy of...

The Age of European Exploration and Conquest

Introduction The 15th and 16th centuries marked the end of the Middle Ages in Europe, with significant cultural and political shifts. Countries began to look beyond the region, seeking other lands and their wealth. As such, expeditions began going in various directions, and some of the more powerful nations began...

Woodrow Wilson in “Dead Wake” by Erik Larson

President Woodrow Wilson was notable for his neutral political stance in terms of America’s role in World War I. This stance could be attributed to Wilson’s academic background and religious upbringing. In his view, God did not intend the United States to enter the conflict, while his academic side supported...

Early American Republic: Articles of Confederation vs. 1787 Constitution

The American road to independence was not easy and stable. It was characterized by several unpredictable changes, sudden decisions, conflicts, and compromises. The states, including the government and ordinary Americans, had to make numerous attempts to prove their rationale for independent existence. Therefore, such activities as numerous drafts of policies,...

Ronald Reagan’s Domestic and Foreign Policies

Introduction The President of the United States of America has two primary responsibilities aside from the usual routine of governing a country. The first one is to develop and execute domestic policies. The second one is to develop and execute foreign policies. The domestic policies that will come out of...

Changes in American Political Ideologies and Traditions

Introduction The political ideologies of the US have changed due to the dynamics of the state and political alignments. However, some traditions have remained the same over the years. This paper examines the changes in American political ideologies and what has remained the same. The report also explores the most...

Battle of the Bull Run in American Civil War

The first biggest land clash in the history of the American Civil War is the battle of the Bull Run also popularly known as the First Manassas; it was fought in the middle of the 17th century (starting on July 21 1861) (Beatie 12). This warfare erupted in the state...

Ronald Reagan – President of the United States of America

Introduction Ronald Reagan, who is regarded as the greatest communicator of all time, was the 40th president of the United States of America. An American president has a big significance in the world. It is widely known that the most powerful person on earth is the American President. Being the...

Economic Development Models in Postwar Japan & Korea

Introduction Economies in Japan and Korea were significantly affected by the Second World War and the Korean War. The governments had to design and implement strategies to rebuild the nations. Some scholars believe that these strategies were similar in both Japan and Korea. On the other hand, many specialists distinguish...

The Black Panther Party: Rise and Influence

The era of African-American civil rights was characterized by the emergence of different social movements in the United States of America (Murch, 2010). The primary objective of these organizations was to end racial segregation and discrimination against the black community. In addition, the groups were fighting to secure the legal...

Analysis of German Comments on the Paris Peace Conference

As the authors of “Comments of the German Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference on the Conditions of Peace “, the allies would take control over Germany’s rivers, canals, and railroads, which would evidently hurt the country’s economy. Furthermore, the authors of the document also mentioned coal pits in Saar...

Clausewitz’s Paradoxical Trinity Throughout History

Introduction The concept of war is as old as the human world, as wars permeate the entire history of humanity. Many events caused wars, but all of them can be divided into three types that Carl von Clausewitz distinguishes in his theory. In short, he calls these reasons passion, probability,...

Analysis of Ho Chi Minh’s Contributions to Vietnamese Independence

After France withdrew its troops from Indochina, Vietnam was open to the Japanese invasion. Soon after Pearl Harbor, Vietnam was fully occupied by the Japanese forces. In May 1941, the Vietnamese League for Independence was created. It was an independent guerrilla network of peasants, socialists and nationalists designed to resist...

Role of Violence in the Civil Rights Movement: A Bottom-Up Perspective

The Civil Rights Movement in the late 1950s and 1960s brought about a pivotal change in the race dynamics of American society. The nonviolent protesters were met with violence from the Ku Klux Klan, the police, and the private citizens. The literature on the subject focuses predominantly on the struggle’s...

Mongol Operations against Xi Xia and Zhongdu

Mongol Operations against Xi Xia in 1207 Xi Xia used to be an ancient state, located in China, on its northwestern border. The state became the first to fall into the Mongol hands, once Genghis Khan began his campaign of conquest. He planned to wage war against Jin and had...

Stamp Act Congress: Colonial Response to British Taxation

The Stamp Act Resolutions The Stamp Act of 1765 was developed during the meeting later called the Stamp Act Congress. The purpose of the Stamp Act Congress was to address certain concerns and discuss the possible ways to terminate them. The difference between the Stamp Act and the Acts before...

Chinese History, Culture and Development Since 1900

Introduction It is believed that by the year 1900, the Chinese empire had already existed for almost 2000 years making China one of the oldest known countries (Wakeman 78). Surprisingly, by this time the country had begun to flourish in technological endeavors such as astronomy, mathematics, engineering, and medical fields...

Women in the Workplace After WWII

Introduction To understand how the position of women in the workplace changed after World War II was over, it is necessary to understand what conditions there were before the end of this war. During the war, various positions, both in the industrial sector (at plants and factories) and in offices...

Significance of the Declaration of Independence in American History

Introduction The example that I have selected to describe is one of the most significant American documents, the Declaration of Independence. The US Declaration of Independence is a historical document in which the British colonies in North America declared independence from Great Britain. This paper served as the beginning of...

Napoleon’s Achievements and Military Campaigns

Introduction There are numerous examples from the history of humanity that evidence the overwhelming impact outstanding persons had on the further evolution of society. They contributed to the development of various nations, enlarging territories, creating important social institutions, and altering the structure of society to produce the new environment beneficial...

Abu Dhabi Power’ Destructive Effects: Saqr Bin Zayed Al Nahyan

This story comes from the time that is not closely familiar to the modern generations; yet, it can still be used for the edification of people who want to achieve power. Once, Abu Dhabi was a small, but influential sheikdom in the lower Gulf (Davidson, 2011, p. 28). It forged...

Thomas Jefferson: Author of the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson is one of the most intriguing historic figures because he is the author of the Declaration of Independence and developer of the ideals of freedom and equality valued in the American society. However, in spite of Jefferson’s significant contribution to the development of the American democratic society, historians...

Angelina Jolie’ and Jennifer Aniston Comparison Biography

Angelina Jolie and Jennifer Aniston are American actresses. They are famous for their works in Hollywood. They are known outside the United States for their roles in various works in television shows and films. The two women are celebrities in Hollywood. They have some similarities and contrasts that are debated...

Construction of the Identities of the Muslim Women

Abstract Muslim women in the US face a number of social problems when attempting to fit in the American multicultural societies. As the number of Muslims increase in the US, the cultural diversity of the Islamic societies tends to expand with time, increasing the need for studies that focus on...

Latin America and the Catholic Church

The Catholic Church has had a great influence on people in Latin America as people there have always been very religious. However, people’s attitude towards Rome as well as the Pope changed in the 1980s in Nicaragua. Socioeconomic situation in the country became intolerable for thousands of people who had...

The History of Indus Valley Civilization

Introduction More than 5 thousand years ago during the Bronze age, when Egypt and Mesopotamia sprouted, great cities blossomed along the flood plains of the Indus and Saraswati Rivers in modern day Pakistan and India (Jonathan, 2002.p.116). Harappa was the first city to be excavated, hence the name Harappan civilization....

Roman Empire: Formation, Prosperity, and Decline in the 1st Century

Introduction The Roman Empire was formed in the 1st century by Emperor Augustus, and it enjoyed a brief period of economic and political prosperity before experiencing a decline that led to its eventual demise. The third-century crisis is considered by many historians to be a decisive period in the history...

Women’ Role in United Arabs Emirates in the Past 20 Years

Introduction There has been a continuous change in the role of women in the United Arabs Emirates (UAE) in the past 20 years. In essence, the UAE has developed its women to the point of becoming the leading nation in women empowerment across the Arab countries. Although the UAE was...

The Age of Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent

Introduction Sultan Suleiman is one of the greatest leaders in history. Sultan was the leader of the Ottoman Empire was born in the year 1494 on the 6th of November. He was in the reign for the longest time beginning in the year 1520 until 1566 when he died. He...

Vietnam War: A Grim Reminder of Human Cruelty

Vietnam War is amongst other grim reminders about people’s cruelty, fears, and disrespect towards fellow human beings. All recent wars have the same thing in common, those who are being colonized and the colonizers. The excuses are also the same, as those with more power and weapons believe themselves superior...

Nuremberg Laws: Legalizing Anti-Semitism in Nazi Germany

Introduction Before and during the Nazi regime in Germany headed by Adolf Hitler, there was a systematic- state-sponsored persecution that led to the murder of many Jews. This occurred at the beginning of the year 1933 when the Nazi regime came to power and progressively propagated the belief among the...

Charles Augustus Lindbergh: First Non-Stop Transatlantic Flight

Charles Augustus Lindbergh is an American pilot, has made the first non-single transatlantic flight. He was born on Feb. 4, 1902, in Detroit. He received primary education in the Little Falls (Minnesota pieces), in 1920-1922 he studied at the University of Wisconsin, where the passion for aviation. In 1924 the...

Why is Martin Luther King Jr. Speech “I Have a Dream” Still Important after 40 Years?

Martin Luther king’s Speech, “I Have a Dream” is still relevant today because it reflects the main problems and social issues affected modern society. In spite of great changes in social life and human rights, racial prejudices and stereotypes are common things in our society. This situation threatens national unity...

History of Crusades

Introduction The crusades that were carried out in medieval times left long lasting effects that are still being felt today in both the Christian and Muslim world. Crusades played a significant part in defining the kind of relations that exist between the West and Islam at the present time. This...

Historical Justifications for Slavery: A Critical Examination of Societal Perspectives

Introduction Slave trade was a booming business in America before it was abolished in the eighteenth century. Many contemporary historians claim that the slave trade lasted for more than 2000 years. During the slavery period, people were illegally enslaved and transported under unkind conditions. Slaves who were majorly obtained from...

History of Manifest Destiny in US

The middle of the 19th century was an expansive time in the United States, a period when appropriate actions would result in significant benefits. According to these principles, John O’Sullivan was unsuccessful. His risky investments were never fruitful. His political allies never paid him well for his publishing work. His...

Role of Women in Modern vs. Traditional Chinese Society

The role of women in Modern Chinese Society contrasts greatly from traditional Chinese society. There are more equality and fairness, and most Chinese people back in China and abroad regard their women with respect. “Chinese women are now entitled to occupational and educational opportunities” (e How inc). It is important...

Railroads’ Role in the History of US Expansion, Industrial Growth, and Urban Development

The Importance of the Railroad and Reasons for the Topic Selection Railroads are the most efficient and affordable form of transport on the mainland due to their reliability in transporting bulky goods, non-perishable products, and chemicals for long distances. Since their inception, railroads have evolved to accommodate charcoal, steam, and...

The New Deal’s Legacy: Economic Reforms, Social Inequities, and Lasting Impacts

Introduction The Jose Flores interview is informative and reveals essential information about how the New Deal of the 1930s influenced the country’s politics and positively affected the social and economic situation. Introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, the New Deal became a major program...

Economic Impact of the Haitian Revolution on Haiti and Sugar Expansion in Cuba

Introduction The Haitian Revolution significantly impacted the country’s economy and future development. In the position of the French colony, the country’s economy prospered thanks to foreign investments and the colonizer’s political connections. The colony had many agricultural plantations, which specialized in growing tobacco, indigo, and sugar at different times. After...

Exemplary Women in Liu Xiang’s Biographies and Confucian Virtues

Summary In this discussion, I will examine Liu Xiang’s Biographies of Exemplary Women. Investigating the biographies of Huang E, Bo Ji, and Mencius’ Mother from Liu Xiang’s work may help us gain a fuller comprehension of the idea of exemplary women in ancient China. Through this investigation, we learn more...

Haynes’ & Wheatley’s vs. Walker & Garnet’s Radical Rhetoric in African American Activism

Introduction David Walker and Henry Highland Garnet significantly contributed to developing African American activism in 19th-century America. Appealing to Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence, both authors expressed their points of view on the real situation in American society. Although their appeal shares a common theme and message with those of...

Witch Hunts in Medieval Scotland: Geographic, Religious, Cultural, and Social Influences

Exploring Diversity Through Key Details and Language The influence of witches in medieval times was significant, and many stories were written about these creatures. The article written by Solly (2019) includes important details and words that state the diversity in the relationship to witches in different spheres. For example, geographic...

The 1619 Project: African American History and Its Sociopolitical Impact

Introduction The 1619 Project is a collection of articles that examine a crucial facet of American culture through the lens of African American history, from the arrival of the first slave ship in 1619 to the current day. It also contains photographs, prose, poetry, and other art projects. Project Critique...

The Pre-1914 System of European Security, Its Effectiveness and Failure

Introduction Two key rival alliances dominated the politics of pre-1914 Europe. On the one hand, the forces behind the creation of a unified Germany greatly destabilized the balance of power on the continent. On the other hand, the fear of Germany’s growing influence prompted the development of a French and...

Martin Luther King Jr.’s Leadership: Moral Intelligence, Values, and Legacy

Background and Leadership Style America’s heritage, leadership, and culture have been shaped through history by various leaders with a vision for the country. One of the most prominent figures who took part in the making of today’s America is Martin Luther King Jr, an American activist who fought for equality...

Samurai and Mongol Warriors’ Honor and Strategy in Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

Introduction A vital route linking the African continent to the rest of the globe was called the Trans-Saharan trade. It was a crucial trading route that helped people travel between Europe, Asia, and Africa (Magnavita 334). The journey was perilous and complex, with several barriers in the form of hostile...

Railroad’s Impact on U.S. Expansion, Economy, Society, and National Unity

Introduction The former colonies that, with the help of George Washington and his contemporaries, gained independence and grew into the greatest democracy in the world, have registered significant change throughout the 19th century. Geographically, the young country spans from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. The United States expanded its...

Historical Waves of U.S. Immigration and Evolving Policies

Introduction People have immigrated since the beginning of time, but until a few centuries ago, it was not a worldwide phenomenon. The history of immigration dates back to the rudiments of civilization, which makes one wonder if nationalities even matter because the roots might have been mixed long ago. Even...

The Declaration of Independence as a Primary Source on Early US History

Introduction The Early United States History era spans a wide period, from pre-1492 through 1877. Many notable historical events and personalities developed during this time frame, shaping the path of American history. The signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 is one such occasion. This text proclaimed that the...

Greek vs. Roman Empire: Geography, Culture, and Imperial Expansion

Greece Geographical Factors Greece’s geographic position significantly impacted the empire’s culture, economics, and military. Greece is at the confluence of three continents: Europe, Asia, and Africa (Hornblower, 2018). The Greeks successfully created trade channels with nearby nations like Egypt, Persia, and Rome. Greece was further exposed to attack from other...

The Women’s Suffrage Movement as a Social Justice Victory

Introduction The women’s suffrage movement of the early 20th century was a long and hard-fought battle for social justice in the United States. The movement aimed to end gender discrimination and promote women’s empowerment. The movement began in the mid-19th century and lasted until the passage of the 19th Amendment...

Emancipation Park and Juneteenth: History, Legacy, and Cultural Significance in Houston

The Meaning of ‘Emancipation Park’ The park’s name resulted from the Emancipation Proclamation by President Lincoln that marked the Juneteenth celebration of freedom from slavery. He was in opposition to slavery, and hence, he had to find the most effective way to end people’s suffering as a leader. To him,...

Freedom and Democracy in the American Civil War: Triumphs and Limitations

Introduction Freedom and democracy are the pillars of American society and the principles that its government must follow in making all decisions. Political science circles constantly debate when these two virtues triumphed and when they were neglected during the historical course of the United States (US). In this essay, the...