Family Assessment and Diagnosing

Family composition A family consists of two parents and two children. John, the father, is 36 years old. Mary, a mother, is 34, and two boys named Michael and Jack are ten and nine respectively. All members are white. Roles of each family member. Mary is viewed as a leader...

Cognitive Processes: Perception, Attention, Memory

Introduction Cognitive development entails the development of different processes such as learning, perception, memory, and attention, which allow human beings to gain knowledge and understand their surroundings. As a result, these cognitive processes serve different purposes in the human lifespan developmental stages and cognition in particular. For instance, memory is...

Cultures and Worldviews in Counseling

Introduction According to Clinton and Ohlschlager (2002), it would prove quite inappropriate, on the part of a counselor, to pay little attention to what happened to be the particulars of the treated client’s ethnocultural affiliation. The reason for this is that, while aware of what accounts for these particulars’ discursive...

Social Cognitive Theory

Introduction Social Cognitive Theory is one of the models that are used to explain the behavioral patterns of an individual. Developed in 1931 by Harold Brown and Edwin Holt, the relevance of the theory has increasingly become evident in our current society. According to Flower (2009), modern psychologists have been...

The Theory of Sexual Essentialism

The theory of sexual essentialism implies that sex is a raw natural process that has existed outside and before any social implications surrounding it. Despite the inherent biological nature of sexuality, the concept has been profoundly institutionalized and shaped by society through history and the formation of cultural values. Sex...

Compulsive Buying Disorder

People living in the contemporary world have to cope with various issues, and they often choose different ways that can sometimes be rather destructive. Compulsive buying disorder is often an issue of women trying to cope with depression, but this psychological state is not the only reason for the development...

Child Development Assessments Comparison

The fundamental function of assessments is: to try to uncover weaknesses, to evaluate school readiness, to aid in structuring the curriculum and daily tasks; to evaluate the usefulness of a project; and to give parents advice (Wortham, 2008). Comparing assessments is important as it enables one to identify the most...

Erik Erikson’s Third Psychological Stage: Developmental Insights and Implications

The third psychological stage discussed by Erikson deals with initiative and guilt; it commonly occurs during the time children are 4-6 years old (UGA Social Work Student, 2009). Kids start to initiate activities, holding the leading role that gives the power to make decisions. It is significant to give children...

Borderline Personality Disorder and Childhood Sexual Abuse

Abstract This study investigates the hypothesis that experiencing penetrative childhood sexual abuse causes Borderline Personality Disorder. Previous research indicates that sexual abuse puts children at higher risk of developing Borderline Personality Disorder in Adulthood. Borderline Personality Disorder, or BPD. This disorder is characterized by “a pervasive pattern of impulsivity and...

Auditory and Visual Perception Differences

What Do You Hear at a Concert? Music perception explicates the subjective responses elicited by auditory stimuli – in this case, concert music. From every music signal perceived, I will get information about its pitch, tonality, loudness, timbre, and combination tones. A fundamental attribute of simple or complex tones is...

Social Anxiety Disorder and Its Symptoms

Social anxiety disorder is a condition that occurs as a result of excessive fear of social involvement. It is also known as social phobia. The fear arises from the suspension of being closely watched, and receiving criticism from peers and other members of the society (Mayo-Wilson et al., 2014). A...

Attraction-Selection-Attrition and Social Cognitive Theories

Introduction Personality determines the different forms of human behaviors and abilities; hence, it is important for success in an organization. Personality is the most important element that human resource managers consider in the recruitment process. Different roles require disparate kinds of skill sets and aptitudes, all of which are attributed...

Psychological Assessment: Psychology and Testing

Three Types of Decisions Important for Psychology or/and Education There are three types of decisions important for psychology or/and education. These are college admission decisions, diagnostic or hiring decisions, and vocational decisions. Various psychological tests aimed to assist in making such decisions were designed. It is important to highlight the...

Alzheimer’s Disease in the “Away From Her” Movie

Personality As a personality concept for my work, I selected Alzheimer’s disease. Having analyzed the portrayal of this disease in the movie Away from Her, I should note the accuracy of the representation of this concept. The movie presents the following realistic aspects of the lives of people with Alzheimer’s...

How Labels Interfere into the Learning Process of Children

Summary The present article, written by three scholars specializing in psychology, is devoted to the effect, which labels have on children’s category learning. The research was supported by several grants. The central problem of the research is the nature of the label’s effect: while some argue that labeling facilitates a...

Frustration-Aggression Theory and Environmental Factors

The frustration-aggression theory implies that frustration (a feeling of being prevented from achieving a particular goal) increases the possibility of an individual responding aggressively to the environmental factors (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, & Sommers, 2016). One of the factors relates to the close attachment to an individual’s goal or the object...

Emotion Management in the Workplace

Abstract Emotions are a complex and often challenging part of the everyday life of modern individuals. Emotions are present at all times and in every situation we face. Sometimes they are quite pleasant and relaxing, and sometimes they are confusing and frustrating. Both positive and negative emotions have one important...

Comparative Psychology: Strengths and Weaknesses Explored

The article I have chosen for the discussion is “The Janus-Faced Nature of Comparative Psychology – Strength or Weakness?” written by Gordon M. Burghardt. The author examines comparative psychology by using its history as the basis of his investigation and examination. His aim is to show how comparative psychology has...

Motivation in the “Whiplash” Film by Damien Chazelle

Reflective Portion Whiplash (2014) is a superb story depicting the efforts of an ambitious, 19-year-old drummer, Andrew Neyman, to become one of the greatest musicians ever. He attends one of the best conservatories in the United States, the Shaffer Conservatory based in Manhattan, where he gets noticed by jazz guru,...

The Role of Sleep in Enhancing Learning and Memory Retention

In popular literature and culture, intellectuals are distinguished from other people in that, they are constantly sleep deprived when they write important thesis or work on inventions. However, in an article appearing on the Washington Post, Pope (2012) claims that on the contrary, students who spend too much time working...

Borderline Personality Disorder: Symptoms, Memory Effects, and Therapies

People have different personalities that make them unique and stand out among others; ones personality is an element of biological and social factors (Carpenter & Huffman, 2010). Personality is defined as the totality of inner attributes of a person that dictates or influences the way he perceives life; it is...

Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy: Understanding Its Levels and Psychological Implications

Introduction Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theoretical model in psychology that explains human motivation using a framework of five consecutive levels. The model was proposed in the twentieth century by Abraham Maslow and has since been adopted in many domains, including sociology, management, and nursing, among others. The following...

Counseling Profession: Origin and Description

Abstract The paper concentrates on the introduction that gives brief information about the origin of counseling and the people who pioneered it. It also gives a somewhat detailed description of their works and how they helped the development of guidance and counseling. Their discoveries and achievements are also highlighted. Introduction...

Visual Short-Term Memory Capacity & K Scores: Jannati et al.’s Study

Introduction This empirical study was done by Jannati, McDonald, and Di-Lollo at Simon Fraser University. The article explores distinct disparities in the pace of processing as compared to K scores of VSTM capacity. The article begins by exploring estimation techniques for visual short-term memory (VSTM) capacity in K scores. The...

The Expectancy Effect in Experimental Psychology: Implications for Research Outcomes

The study under analysis provides an extensive examination of the experimental psychology. In particular, the scholars have introduced their view on the impact of experimenters’ bias on the outcomes of the experiment, as well as have provided precautious measures to avoid subjective evaluation. During the study, the scholars invited 12...

Effects of Divorce on Adolescents

Introduction Adolescence is a critical developmental stage in life of a human being. The stage is marked by different psychosocial changes that define the transition period from adolescence to the young adulthood (Cohen, Kasen, Chen, Hartmark & Gordon, 2003). During the stage, the adolescents undergo emotional changes that are influenced...

Literature Review on Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is quite a wide-spread and complex health problem. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends screening all children for autism. In some cases, autism symptoms are not severe, but some patients cannot lead a standard lifestyle. The word “spectrum” is used because there is a wide variety...

Development of Mental Health Policies: Best Practices and Current Trends

Overview of Issue The social problem under investigation revolves around how people should maintain good mental health. The promotion of mental health in many countries globally is located within the broader domain of health promotion. It is firmly embedded in interventions that are provided to prevent mental disorders and to...

The Role of the Environment and Genes in Human Development

Introduction Nature or Nurture? This is one of the biggest debates that psychologists have been faced with for a very long time. This is because there is no clear boundary on how each aspect contributes to the development of human beings that is in terms of personality, behaviour, thinking and...

Thanos Reimagined: How Positive Influences Shape His Journey to Heroism

Introduction Understanding what may have happened to the powerful villain Thanos if his life had been different is crucial. Instead of continuing down the destructive and criminal road, rewriting the story so Thanos becomes a good person is the focus. This reimagined narrative explores the major contrasts that have shaped...

Understanding Behavioral Addiction and Food Dependency

Behavioral Addiction Addiction is a physical and mental condition caused by exposure to an addictive stimulus. The result is numerous behavioral, mental processes, and social functioning changes. Addiction is manifested by a strong compulsion to reach for the addictive substance to derive certain benefits or sensations from it or avoid...

Impact of Social Media on Children and Adolescents

Introduction Many children and teenagers are joining social networks, the Internet, and other platforms. They are increasingly drawn to the digital environment, which raises the problem of how social media will influence their behavior. While social media can bring many positive changes to their lives, it can also negatively impact...

Developmental Stages in Human Growth Explored Through Films: Childhood, Early Adulthood, and Later Life

Introduction Human beings undergo inevitable changes as they move from one developmental stage to another. The variations occur throughout a person’s life and are characterized by unique milestones in each stage of growth and development. Since individuals undergo different challenges and encounters, their experiences may vary. Traditionally, there are seven...

Meditation Practice and Its Health Benefits

Introduction Meditation is a spiritual and psychological practice that creates a special state of consciousness, which is described as inner emptiness, thoughtlessness, and stopped thinking. Meditation originated within the religious-spiritual sphere and has been increasingly used for medical and health purposes in recent years. During meditation, a person concentrates, directs,...

Causes and Prevention of Serial Killers: The Cases of Garavito and López

Executive Summary Serial murderers have killed three or more people, usually with a pause in between each killing. They frequently experience a psychological desire to murder, and they could feel they have control and influence over their victims. Serial murderers could have a particular modus operandi or way of doing...

Teaching Psychoeducational Groups About Substance Use Disorders Treatment

Introduction Helping clients who suffer from substance use disorders (SUDs) to learn coping mechanisms is a crucial part of their treatment. Effective stress management is a significant area that many customers experience difficulty with. Stress is a major contributor to substance use, and managing it without the proper coping skills...

The Paradox of Choice and Its Impact on Decision-Making

Introduction Decision-making is one of the most complex issues in human life. On the one hand, people admire the possibility of choosing and using options to demonstrate their freedom and maturity. On the other hand, access to various alternatives might confuse some individuals and provoke additional problems. This essay will...

Self-Concept and Social Comparison: Insights from Key Psychological Articles

Introduction The articles “How You See Yourself” and “Self Concept” explain how one’s perspective of oneself affects how one perceives the world and behaves. Both works explore the idea of self-concept and focus on the elements that influence its growth. Although “How You See Yourself” concentrates on the effect of social...

Humor in Everyday Life: Exploring McGhee’s Program Through Objects and Observation

Recognizing Humor in Everyday Life In “Humor as Survival Training for a Stressed-Out World: The 7 Humor Habits Program” by McGhee (2010), the author explores the significance of humor in navigating the challenges of a stressful world.  In the room I am in, several objects exhibit a square shape: a small...

Impact of Child Disability on Family Dynamics and the Role of Support Systems

Introduction Having a child with a disability can be a difficult and emotional experience for a family. The impact of the exceptionality on family functions can be far-reaching, often leaving the parents and siblings feeling overwhelmed and uncertain about how to cope with the associated issues. There is a variety...

Pop Culture’s Reflection of Social Norms: Deviant Behavior in “Breaking Bad”

Introduction Deviant behavior refers to actions or beliefs that deviate from social norms and are considered unacceptable by the majority of society. Pop culture, including television shows, movies, music, and books, often portrays deviant behavior as a way to challenge societal norms and bring attention to controversial issues. This portrayal...

Working Memory Challenges and Strategies for Improvement

Role of Working Memory Working memory plays a significant role in the processing, understanding, and storage of information. Unfortunately, sometimes, this form of memory is so fragile that it usually loses a lot of information before it is stored (Farmer, 2019). This memory is limited in both capacity and duration...

Rauch’s “Caring for Your Introvert” Article Analysis

Introduction Introversion is typically seen as a significant impediment to adequate socialization and building relationships with others. However, in addition to misrepresenting introverts, the specified approach to understanding the subject matter affects introverted people adversely to a significant extent, creating a social stigma (2003). In his article “Caring for Your Introvert,”...

Evaluating the Implicit Association Test: Bias Detection and Cognitive Assessment

Introduction The implicit association test, also known as the IAT, is a measurement tool used to identify unconsciously formed connections among mental images of concepts in the mind. The evaluation of subconscious biases possessed by individuals being tested, which includes relationships between specific categories of races and prejudices about these...

Behavioral Dynamics in a College Lecture Hall Setting

Introduction One particular behavioral context that comes to my attention is the lecture hall within a college campus during a scheduled class. This context is restricted to a specific physical location and time, commonly a designated classroom, with definite limits of space and time that set it apart from other...

Heroism and Perseverance in William McRaven’s The Hero Code

Introduction The Hero Code is a book that guides readers through a journey to becoming a hero. Written by William McRaven, it guides readers into being extraordinary by teaching them traits of real-life heroes from the stories of inspiration, determination, and bravery, as well as the author’s experiences in his...

Using Operant Conditioning to Improve Workplace Communication and Ethics

Description of the Target Behavior I want to teach my colleagues how to communicate correctly and effectively with coworkers and management. This can be useful for establishing friendships and effectively building corporate ethics in a team. Selected Learning Theory For the proper training of a colleague, I would choose the...

Emotional Impact of Promotion on Memory Encoding and Recall

Introduction There is no greater professional achievement than a promotion to a higher position. It can be a life-changing experience because it represents the culmination of years of effort and devotion on the job. Hearing such news profoundly affects the memory system, which is in charge of encoding, saving, and...

Public Perception of Global Risks and Emotional Responses

Introduction People’s perception of various levels of global risk is an imperative topic for understanding the processes that occur in society. Emergencies can manifest their impact in different aspects of people’s lives, from general ones, such as the healthcare sector, to individual, more targeted consequences. At the same time, people’s...

The Link Between Bipolar Disorder and Creativity: Insights on Artistic Expression

The Link Between Bipolar Disorder and Creativity: Exploring Physiological Effects and Artistic Expression There is a widespread belief that many artists who have been exhibiting symptoms of bipolar disorder are, to an extent, more creative because of their condition. Additionally, different levels of creativity have been associated with either the...

Everyday Psychology: Teaching Dogs and Memory Recall

Introduction Exploring fundamental psychology, we uncover the link between teaching tricks to our dogs, illustrated by Rusty learning to roll over and grasping the cognitive aspects of recalling events like a car accident. This journey delves into basic principles shaping behavior and memory. Learning Psychology Operant Conditioning Teaching my dog,...

The Impact of Active Play on Child Development and Social Skills

Introduction Active play is normal for children and teens and involves being able to move around through exercise. It is linked to decreased body mass, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and better mental health. Physical activity allows children and teenagers to try new activities, explore their capabilities, and have fun...

Loneliness and Aging: Impact on Health, Social Isolation, and Mortality

Introduction In order to counteract the negative consequences of aging, there is a need to comprehend the ways the related problems appear. Loneliness is a universal issue among older adults that worsens their quality of life by a significant margin and increases mortality (Zastrow et al., 2019). It is possible...

Solitude and Personal Growth in Raymond Kethledge’s “Reclaim Solitude”

Introduction The central assertion made by Raymond Kethledge in his address, “Reclaim Solitude,” is that having isolation is essential to leading a fulfilling life. He contends that solitude is crucial for introspection, psychological development, and the emergence of traits that lead to a happy and meaningful life (“Reclaim Solitude” 5:08)....

Personal Grief Maps and Therapeutic Approaches to Mourning

Introduction Nothing molds the human experience like grief with its intricate, non-linearity and deeply personal accord. The individual orientation of the trajectory of mourning, as depicted by a personal grief map, illustrates a non-linear journey through grief that calls for spotting that complexity. Looking at suffering through different therapeutic paradigms...

A 15-Year-Old’s Development: Identity, Cognitive, and Moral Growth

Selected Age and Developmental Context A high school student called Sarah is the object of the investigation of her personal experience. She is 15 years old, meaning her psyche is going through the most significant changes at the moment. Sarah is navigating the complex journey of adolescence, which is absolutely...

Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s Theories on Early Childhood Development

Introduction There are a large number of theoretical approaches that focus on early childhood research. The most influential theories in this field of knowledge about the development of individuals are those developed by Piaget and Vygotsky. Even though scientists studied one area, they had distinctive views on the early stage...

Ethical Issues in the Milgram Experiment: Consent, Harm, and Suggested Changes

Introduction This article is a scientific accompaniment, description, and discussion of the well-known Milgram Experiment. This classic study was conducted in the 1960s and focused on examining the specifics of obedience to authority and the associated behavioral changes (Milgram, 1963). The process itself concentrated on gaining an understanding of the...

Active Listening and Communication in Counseling

Introduction Reflective and active listening skills are undeniably indispensable tools in the realm of effective communication with clients. They form the bedrock upon which successful therapeutic relationships are built. These skills transcend mere words and gestures, delving into the intricate nuances of human interaction. Not only do they serve as...

Exploring the Impact of Blind Spots on Personal and Professional Life

Introduction Many situations may arise in professional and personal life that require special attention from individuals. One of these is the definition of possible blind spots, which may relate to issues such as the alignment of the unconscious mind and conscious beliefs or biases. As part of this work, I...

Shift from Primary to Secondary Deviance: Theories and Social Implications

From Primary to Secondary Deviance: A Story of Transformation The concepts of primary and social deviance, two sequential and related concepts of social behavior, explain the various degrees to which members of society violate social norms or rules. These two can be traced in the story of a 14-year-old teenager,...

Early Adulthood: Health, Sexuality, and Physical Changes

Introduction Adulthood begins at the age of 18 in many societies, although some cultures may have different age thresholds. This is the age when a person is generally recognized as an independent individual, capable of making their own decisions and bearing responsibilities. Physical Changes One physical characteristic associated with adulthood...

Analyzing the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Jung Typology Assessment in Counseling

Some of the most common in counseling are the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the Jung Typology assessment. The MMSE consists of 32 questions that assess a person’s cognitive development. It includes orientation, memory, reading, and calculation skills (Neukrug & Fawcett, 2015a). The exam helps to assess the client’s level...

Moral Development in Children Aged 6-10: Understanding Kohlberg’s Theory

Understanding Moral Judgments in Children Children between the ages of 6 and 10 tend to judge acts as unilaterally right or wrong, which provides insight into the idea of moral absolutes. It is assumed that youngsters in this age bracket have a propensity to form snap judgments about people’s actions...

Impact of Gratitude and Kindness on Emotional Well-Being

Introduction to the Project This reflection essay delves into a self-study project aimed at exploring the impact of gratitude and acts of kindness on an individual’s emotional wellbeing while employing concepts from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). CBT is a prominent psychotherapeutic approach that accentuates the intricate...

Covert Observation in Research: Examining Parent-Child Interactions with Technology

Observation Technique Observation is a methodological technique used to research behavior, phenomena, and events in the real world. It allows researchers to discover connections and trends and thoroughly comprehend the topic under study (Tomaszewski et al., 2020). Factual data are gathered by observation and then evaluated and interpreted. Observation may...

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Applied to Patients in Healthcare

Introduction Psychology is one of the disciplines aimed at studying and understanding the mental aspect of human beings. Many models have been developed to explain and describe all aspects of one’s psyche. One might say that Maslow’s pyramid, his magnum opus, is a universal model that perfectly describes human needs....

How Parenting Styles Influence Bullying Behavior in Children

Introduction The relationship between parenting styles and a child’s involvement in bullying, whether as a victim or perpetrator, is a complex issue that requires careful consideration. While numerous factors contribute to the widespread occurrence of bullying, a child’s behavior is significantly shaped by their parents’ styles of upbringing. Parenting styles...

Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory: Understanding Personality Development

Introduction Modern psychological science is in constant motion and undergoes various qualitative changes. Due to this, the maximum rapid and reasonable development of it is achieved. Many scientists are addressing the issue of research of theories of mental development within the framework of modern psychological science. One such theory is...

The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Well-Being: A Critical Analysis of Key Studies

Beyens, Ine, et al. “The Effect of Social Media on Well-Being Differs from Adolescent to Adolescent.” Scientific Reports, vol. 10, no. 1, 2020. Web. Beyens et al’s. article investigates the relationship between social media use and adolescents’ well-being across a particular time. This study conducts a rigorous assessment of 2155...

The Impact of Hard Decisions on Character: Exploring Ariely and Chang’s Insights

When it comes to choosing decisions, the options we have to make frequently reveal the subtleties of human nature and the nuanced nature of our ideals. No matter how insignificant or essential, every choice comes with a weight of responsibility and consequence. These decisions, especially the difficult ones, frequently represent...

Overcoming Obstacles: Lessons from Thomas Edison and Tim Tebow

Introduction Obstacles are often challenges that prevent individuals from reaching their full potential. Problems create a sense of hopelessness and a desire to give up in the face of difficulties. However, they can also be perceived more positively as they facilitate growth, self-improvement, and resilience. While being more manageable, a...

The Crucial Role of Infant Brain Development and Maternity Leave Policies

Introduction People frequently look at the first few years of their lives with surprise and awe because they are full of promise, development, and discovery. The first year of a baby’s existence stands out as a period of unmatched significance among these formative years. This article explores the complex web...

Ethical Approaches to Counseling Alcohol Use Disorder: A Case Analysis

Identifying the Problem Kassi is a 38-year-old mother of a daughter who is seeking drug misuse therapy because of the adverse effects alcohol has had on her career, parenting, and personal relationships. The ethical issue here is that Kassi is unwilling to admit the true extent of her alcohol use...

A Self-Leadership Theory Based on Self-Regulation, Self-Management, Self-Determination, Positive Psychology

Self-Regulation Theory Description The self-regulation theory is closely related to the social cognitive theory as the notion of influence and observation is incorporated in both frameworks. According to researchers, self-regulation stems from one’s skill to plan, monitor, and perceive behavior (de la Fuente et al., 2022). Self-regulation is achieved when...

Mental Health Challenges Faced by Veterans: Insights and Perspectives

Ganzer, Christine Anne. “Veteran Women.” The American Journal of Nursing, vol. 116, no. 11, 2016, pp. 32–39. JSTOR. Web. The source is an academic article about mental health consequences of military service for women. Its purpose is to synthesize recent research on mental health conditions that affect female veterans, which...

Recognizing and Avoiding Logical Fallacies in Argumentation and Perception

Fallacies and Their Role in Misconceptions Fallacies in our reasoning and perception of information are one of the main reasons for the formation of misconceptions. There are patterns of perception of specific facts that lead to false conclusions. All logical fallacies can be divided into three main types: fallacies of...

The Role of Behaviorism and Humanism in Learning Theory: Key Experiments and Concepts

Definition of Psychology Considering the word’s origin, psychology is the doctrine of the human soul. This science generally studies human behavior, thoughts, feelings, and mind. Undoubtedly, psychology is found in everyone’s life, whether paying attention to it or not. This diverse science consists of various subdivisions that study different theories,...

Exploring the Science of Happiness: Practical Steps to a Joyful Life

Introduction Imagine waking up with an immense feeling of joy and empowerment to tackle all of life’s challenges. While most individuals think that the key to happiness is amassing wealth and having good health, science begs to differ. Let me unravel the simple secrets to happiness and share how leveraging...

The Interplay of Nature and Nurture in Human Development: A Comprehensive Analysis

Abstract Nature and nurture have sparked an unending debate among scientists on which influences human behavior. Researchers have conducted studies and established that genetics impact the development of human traits. Studies conducted on nurture also substantiate people’s experiences and relationships’ impact on human development. As there is no clear winner,...

Low Self-Esteem and Its Impact on Relationships

The Cycle of Toxic Relationships and Low Self-Esteem Some people, coming out of one toxic relationship, immediately fall into similar ones. They are haunted by suffering, humiliation, and lack of mutual love. Psychologists are sure that the reason for this lies in low self-esteem (Shrout & Weigel, 2019). Low self-esteem...

Techniques in Interpersonal Psychotherapy: Building Rapport and Collaborative Approaches

Interpersonal Psychotherapy Techniques The second part of the “Psychoanalytic Therapy Over Time” (American Psychological Association, 2019) series features an insight into interpersonal therapy techniques demonstrated and discussed by J. D. Safran. It features several essential details necessary for a productive session, including the ones that create a good rapport in...

Barriers to Critical Thinking in Customer Service and Outside the Workplace

Introduction Sally is a 34-year-old woman working in customer service at a small printer company. She works primarily with customer complaints, and while she does her job well, she often overloads there. Her performance can be evaluated because she can understand customers, imagine herself in their situations, and find ways...

Forgetfulness: Myths and Realities of Aging and Memory

Introduction In general, forgetfulness and memory lapses are familiar to many, especially older adults. Initially manifesting itself as absent-mindedness and inattention, this pathology gradually progresses. In some cases, memory disorders in old age lead to a loss of self-service skills and a person’s complete dependence on the help of others....

Understanding Stress, Conflict, and Negotiation Techniques for Well-Being

Introduction Regardless of age, gender, or socioeconomic level, stress is an unavoidable aspect of life that affects everyone. There are many different reasons why people become stressed, including social, environmental, and occupational issues. While a certain amount of stress might help individuals reach their goals, prolonged stress can seriously negatively...

Influence of Marital Relationships on Parenting and Child Development

Introduction The influence of marital relationships (MRs) on child development and upbringing has been the subject of in-depth research in recent years. Positive MRs are recognized to significantly affect parenting abilities and children’s well-being, resulting in sensitive and upbeat parenting. On the other hand, adverse MRs and parental disputes have...

Clinical Depression: Symptoms and Influencing Factors

Introduction Depression can have various forms of manifestation, each of which has a certain level of influence on a person. Clinical depression is a complex and severe disease that negatively affects the daily lives of individuals who develop it. Treatment of this mental deviation requires the development of programs and...

Confidentiality and Mandatory Reporting in Counseling Minors

Introduction The process of therapy is inherently based on the confidentiality of counselor-client relationships. The clients come to therapy sessions to discuss their psychological problems and safely share their deepest secrets and fears. In that regard, psychologists hold a position of power that they must not abuse. In most cases,...

Classical Conditioning and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Behavioral Approach to Recovery

Introduction The theory of classical conditioning explains how ordinary things may become the reasons for people’s negative emotions, fears, and stress. In this case, they substantially impact the quality of life and limit day-to-day activities. This paper addresses Michael, who developed PTSD or an individual phobia based on the connection...

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in a Child: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

Introduction The object of study is a family that has experienced a traumatic event. The family includes a 10-year-old girl, Amy, and her parents. One day, when the whole family was at home, burglars broke in and beat the parents in front of the child. They also stole many valuable...

Effective Life Coaching: Theories and Scriptural Foundations

Theoretical Approaches to Life Coaching Life coaching is a growing field of professional services that assist individuals in improving their lives and reaching their full potential. The most common theories used to develop an effective life coach are cognitive-behavioral theory, humanistic-existential theory, solution-focused coaching theory, and narrative coaching theory (Gavin,...

Wellness Strategies for Counselors Facing Burnout and Compassion Fatigue

Introduction A professional counselor cannot help others when their physical and mental state is unstable. Specialists working with clients who require emotional assistance are often tired of compassion. Their active participation in the problems of other individuals leads to an increased risk of burnout. As a result, the counselor’s inability...

Challenges in Graduate Students’ Mental Health: Stress, Stigma, and Self-Care

Introduction The article draws attention to graduate students’ mental health challenges, especially those enrolled in psychology degrees. Students’ mental health may be negatively affected by the high demands of their coursework and the intense rivalry within their chosen sector; this is particularly true for individuals who are already dealing with...

Evolution of Behavioral Health: Key Historical Developments and Advances

Introduction The mental health of individuals is a critical aspect fundamental to their well-being and the ability to live in society. For this reason, researchers have always investigated it to create methods that can help people feel better. Thus, behavioral health emerged as the result of the historical development of...

Effects of Child Abuse on Mental Health and Behavior

Introduction Kids who were fortunate to survive abuse may sometimes have problems with their mental and health status because of experiencing neglect and abuse for years. Kids feeling insecure or unable to get the assistance they require may go through life striving with abuse effects. Physical effects typically are the...

Family-Centered Practices in Early Childhood Intervention and Brain Development

Introduction Children learn and develop physically and emotionally through daily interactions with parents and caregivers. Family-centered practices (FCPs) are intended to ensure children receive the right support and services. For the purpose of clarity, family-centered practices utilize “a variety of tools for child development” (Dunst & Espe-Sherwindt, 2016, p. 123)....

Psychoanalytic Theories and Their Differences

In psychoanalysis, there are many theories, on the basis of which therapists successfully build their practice. However, those that lose their level of relevance and cease to be trendy, as it happened with the teachings of Z. Freud, are among them. Moreover, there are often contradictions and mutual exclusions between...

Concrete- and Formal-Operational Periods of Cognitive Development

Introduction Human intelligence is determined by both genetic and environmental factors, whose influence can vary in different life cycles. Operational and formal-operational periods are two critical stages of intellectual development in which genetics and environmental factors play various roles. Let us analyze these two periods and examples of their differences,...

Recognizing Defensive Postures at the Workplace

When people feel vulnerable or threatened, they often take defensive positions of the body, which can help them protect themselves from danger. However, these positions can manifest themselves in business situations, making communication and teamwork difficult. As a manager, it is essential to recognize these defensive positions and understand how...

Interprofessional Collaboration in Mental Healthcare

In this study paper, Maehder et al. evaluated the efficacy of a collaborative and stepped care (CSC) approach for patients suffering from common mental illnesses. In this context, the authors carried out a prospective randomized controlled study in primary care that was clustered and directed by the Collaborative and Stepped...

Crime, Deviance, and Social Control

Social norms guide people on the paths to take and how to relate. Various cultures are guided differently based on country, tribe, race, and cultural practices. Western and African cultures are different since the latter is formed by beliefs that dictate the dressing mode of elder-youth interaction. People deviate from...

Enhancing Organizational Performance Through Psychological Assessments

Introduction The implementation of psychological assessment at the workplace is an effective method for evaluating the needs, capabilities, and appropriate career choices of employees. This framework generally suggests that personality traits exist and play a crucial role in defining one’s behavior. In this sense, a thorough psychological assessment is beneficial...

Treatment of Alcohol Dependency Through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Introduction In our case study, the client is a Mexican American male aged 45 years, married and has three school-going children aged 15, 11 and 5 years respectively. The client comes to the clinic in the company of his wife who provides the counselor with background information about the reason...

Barack Obama: A Leader’s Psychological Portrait

Barack Obama Barack Obama was born in Hawaii, in the United States of America, on August 4, 1961. His full name is Barack Hussein Obama II. From 2009 to 2017, Barack Obama served as the 44th president of the United States (Barker, 2018). Additionally, he was the first African American...

Forensic Psychology and Criminal Behavior

Introduction Forensic psychology and criminal behavior are interrelated, as they are both concerned with human behavior and character. Forensic psychology can be defined as the application of psychological knowledge and methods to address legal matters in crime, clinical, civil, or administrative proceedings. Forensic psychology explores the relationship between human behavior...

Developmental Transitions in Young Adulthood

Introduction An individual’s mental health is one of the major determinants of his/her well-being. The recent years, there has been a tendency toward the emergence of numerous problems in the given sphere. Stress, high speed of life, and social pressure impact people and their quality of life. Under these conditions,...

Cognitive Bias in Learning About Other Cultures

Introduction Research on in-group bias helps explain why and under what circumstances group members tend to evaluate their connections more positively, as opposed to the negative assessment they give to other people. In-group favoritism is stable when belonging to a group creates clear advantages, for example, among whites and other...

Conceptualization of Emotions-Focused Therapy

Introduction Emotion-Focused Therapy consists of psychological Therapy whose focus is emotional processing. It views emotion from an adaptive point of view; that is, it allows people to survive as they react to the environment without neglecting the connection of emotions with their needs. This type of Therapy is also known...

The Play Therapy Process and Stages

Traditionally, play therapy consists of four stages: initiation, resistance, work, and termination. These phases have their own peculiarities that should be considered while working with a client. Thus, play therapy is a potent tool that can be used to work with various issues and assist a client. For instance, anxiety...

School-Aged Children’s Mental Health During COVID-19

Steed, E. A., Phan, N., Leech, N., & Charlifue-Smith, R. (2022). Remote delivery of services for young children with disabilities during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Journal of Early Intervention, 44(2), 110-129. Publication by Steed et al. (2022) evaluates the efficacy of the U.S....

Trauma and the Impact It Has on a Child’s Life

Introduction Trauma can be described as an emotional reaction to an unexpected event, such as an accident, a natural disaster, and others. Trauma can also be associated with harm caused to a person’s mental health as a result of exposure to adverse environmental factors. U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs (2022)...

Piaget’s Cognitive Stage Theory Critical Constructs

Introduction Jean Piaget’s cognitive stage theory of child development contains four critical constructs. Most importantly, Piaget believed that children gradually proceed through the developmental periods, with every next period holding the influence of the past and the prospect of the future (Miller, 2016). In total, Piaget defined four periods of...

Psychology of Aging: Stages of Development

Introduction The psychology of aging examines the various biological, social, and economic issues that individuals experience in different stages of development. Researchers use behavioral, cognitive, and psychosocial theories to examine the issues linked to various development stages influencing individuals’ thinking, physical health, and behavior at each stage. Middle and late...

Blaming for Behavioral Disabilities

Conduct disorders are characterized by persistent and profound behavioral habits that drive children to act inflexibly and uniformly in diverse conditions. The disabled demeanor differs from normal in feeling, thinking, sensing, and communicating. These ingrained behavioral patterns cause hardships, create anxiety in the soul, or interfere with daily life. Diverse...

The Remember-Know Scheme as a Memory Pattern

Introduction One of the fundamental questions in cognitive psychology is the identification of patterns of human memory functioning. Memory can work differentially depending on whether or not some associative experience preceded memorization (Rajaram, 1993). This report explores patterns in the Remember/Know pattern, where the participant either “just knows” or remembers...

Development: “The Absorbent Mind” by Maria Montessori

Introduction In Richard III and Godfather II, one can fully trace the main characters’ history and formation, making it possible to understand their motives in favor of choosing a criminal path. The hero of Shakespeare’s work, Richard the Third, is the main manipulator of the tragedy, who skillfully uses any...

Stress from a Perspective of Abnormal Psychology

In abnormal psychology investigating patients’ atypical behavior, stress might serve as the trigger for mental illnesses. As any life challenges that affect people’s emotional well-being are perceived as stress, it has multiple ways of affecting disorders. These are based on the person’s predisposition to mental illnesses and personal characteristics. When...

The Developmental Milestones and Activities for Children

Introduction Understanding how children develop at different developmental milestones is crucial. It will help correctly assess children’s abilities at the appropriate stage of life and balanced growth. At each level of a child’s development, the key parameters are such indicators as visual and auditory reactions and emotional reactions. Moreover, monitoring...

Behavior: The Perception of Reality

Introduction The perception of the world and its phenomena differs from person to person, for this is how the whole nature of things is determined. Different experiences, worldviews, values, and perceptions influence how one’s perception of reality will be shaped. Differences in perception form human uniqueness, as it proves that...

Research Methods Employed by Behavior Analysts

Introduction Behavioral research is the study of the potential cause-and-consequence relationship between behaviors and the environment. Behavioral techniques are used to assess the influence of other variables on an individual’s behavior. There is a variety of designs that can be achieved to determine whether a change has been successfully implemented...

The Aspects of the Stroop Effect

Introduction The Stroop effect is associated with an experiment in which people should not name a word but a color with which it is written. The investigator’s motivation is assessing a research subject’s cognitive flexibility and attention span (Magee, 2021). The author tried to answer how successfully this subject can...

Autism in the School Environment and Inclusion in the Classroom

Learning a second language can be challenging, but it is even more difficult for individuals with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a developmental condition that affects communication, social interaction, and behavior. Various characteristics define the disorder, such as difficulties in verbal and nonverbal communication and social interactions. ASD affects many students...

Growth Mindset vs. Fixed Mindset

It is a mistake to believe that a human’s brain reaches its peak of development in childhood. On the contrary, a brain changes throughout life because it, as a rule, reacts to experience and can be overwritten due to education (Smith, 2020). In brief, a lot depends on how people...

Mental Illness: A Generalised Anxiety Disorder

Introduction Mr X is a 19-year-old in his second year at the university struggling with a generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). The problem emerged two years before, and the new university responsibilities made the situation more unbearable. While preparing for his advanced level qualifications (A levels), he struggled with emotions and...

The Truth Behind the Behavior of Introverts

Introduction The personalities of introverts are commonly misunderstood in a world dominated by extroverts. For this critical analysis project, I chose an article by Jonathan Rauch called “Caring for your introvert: The habits and needs of a little-understood Group”. The following text will review the goal, the reason, the target...

Mental Health Considerations for Child Welfare

Introduction The work in child welfare implies dealing with many challenges. Not only does it put great responsibility on welfare workers, but it also requires a solid amount of empathy and compassion. Moreover, child welfare workers have to understand the sources of danger to be able to react respectively. In...

Dealing with Stress in Police Training

Introduction Police officers are trained to handle stressful situations in different ways, and the approach used in their training has been a topic of debate in the recent past. On the one hand, some people advocate for a supportive and collegiate-type police training academy that develops skills without creating artificial...

Low Self-Esteem and Psychological Disorders

Introduction Self-esteem is a critical factor in the overall well-being of mental health. Self-esteem influences an individual’s resilience to stressful situations and ability to adapt to different conditions and stages in life, which affects their emotional state. Individuals with high self-esteem tend to be proactive, confident, happy, and outgoing, while...

Parental Addiction’s Impact on Children

Family has the most significant influence on the correct mental and emotional development of each child’s personality. In a family where one or both of the parents suffer from addictions, the child develops in a psychologically traumatic environment. Parental addiction causes behavioural changes that can leave severe mental trauma for...

The “Family Victim” Ethnographic Video Analysis

The ethnographic video Family Victim examines the reciprocal influence of cultural and familial settings in a person’s growth with a distinctly non-typical behavioral pattern. The reputed “bad coconut” of a prominent Javanese family is Estu (Lemelson, 2010). Social factors associated with Javanese beliefs about development and maturity require Estu to...

Rationality in Anticipated Regret Approach

Making important life decisions is difficult because the consequences of the choice can dramatically influence a person’s life. Furthermore, there is no possibility of going back in time and making an alternative decision. Moreover, it is impossible to know what would have happened if a person had made a different...

Clothing and Politics: A TED Talk Comparison

Introduction People have always been fascinated by two facets of human behavior: politics and dress. Throughout the years, this fascination has only grown stronger. Both of these aspects of life have the potential to transmit personal, cultural, and social values, and they are both capable of having a significant impact...

Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology and Its Advantages

A bachelor’s degree in psychology can provide students with numerous advantages. Some advantages of majoring in psychology include understanding people’s behavior, developing better problem-solving and communication skills, and understanding human behavior (Landrum, 2018). Studying psychology can help students better understand the world, develop a greater appreciation for diversity, and learn...

Indigenous Mental Healthcare in Ontario, Canada

Introduction I am going to speak on the current problems in providing community mental health and addiction services to our Indigenous adolescents, adults, and families. The topic of this conference, “The Future of Indigenous Health Care in Ontario,” is of utmost significance, particularly in light of the problem of untreated...

Trauma-Informed Counseling Techniques in Indigenous Communities

Introduction Duran’s book outlines how colonialism and racism have shaped the experiences of indigenous people, leading to systemic wounds that can affect every aspect of their lives. He also covers topics such as cultural safety, community-based healing practices, and the importance of self-determination. This book as a whole provides an...

The “Caring for Your Introvert” Article by Rauch

Introduction In his article “Caring for Your Introvert: The Habits and Needs of a Little-Understood Group,” Jonathan Rauch comprehensively explores the world of introversion. With a focus on educating the extroverted majority, Rauch debunks stereotypes and sheds light on introverts’ unique characteristics, habits, and needs. He breaks down his primary...

Child Cognitive Development

Introduction Taking into account Piaget’s theory about the cognitive development of children, from four stages, the preoperational phase is chosen (Babakr et al., 2019). At this stage, the most obvious manifestations of intelligence are revealed. Children acquire new skills and ways of knowing the world, for example, through digital games,...

Theories of Adolescent Development

Cognitive development includes the growth of an individual’s abilities to think and reason. This domain is especially important in adolescence as children aged 12 to 24 learn to solve more complex cognitive tasks. Primary cognitive needs in adolescence include abstract thinking, metacognition, moral reasoning, and critical thinking (Newman & Newman,...

Substance Abuse Counseling Approaches

Counseling is a therapy and practice that mainly involves talking to clients. Qualified professionals apply their knowledge and skills to help others solve their problems and overcome traumas and difficulties in life. Using a variety of theories and methods, counselors can provide psychological therapy and support. There is a wide...