2172 samples of this type
When you are looking with your friend at the same photograph where both of you are captured, your friend is sure to find some drawbacks of lightning that wrongly reflect on his/her face or his/her somehow not ideal smile while you will try your best to see any shortcomings of...
Introduction Donnellan et al. (2007) define the locus of control which is synonymous with self-esteem as how an individual perceives whatever happens to his or her daily life and what he or she alleges to be the contributing factor(s). Under this context, individuals can be classified into two loci. We...
Overview A battered woman’s syndrome is a mixture of feelings alongside other temperamental patterns which are as a result of the consequences of trauma, lack of assistance and a round of violence which makes the affected female victim to blindly acknowledge that it is impossible to evade the abusive relationship...
Conscious Definition Conscious is a word that has been adapted from the Latin word conscius which is translated to mean self-knowledge. Consciousness can be said to be a state of alertness and awareness. A conscious person will be one that is at a wakeful state and one that is able...
Abstract Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory (MMPI) has been in use for quite some time mainly in the treatment of mental illnesses. Earlier criticisms led to the development of MMPI-2 which remains to be in use up-to-date and is usually administered through 10 different scales, with each scale providing information about...
Show how the various aspects of ‘egoic’ consciousness During the course of recent decade, it became a gesture of good taste, on the part of many politicians in Western countries, to praise the collectivist values of “spirituality” and “closeness to earth”, while actively opposing them against the individualist/euro-centric values of...
Introduction Most of the information about sexuality today tends to focus on the negative aspects of sex which includes diseases like HIV/ AIDS and sexual crimes such as rape; this portrays sex more risky than it is fulfilling (Miracle, Miracle and Baumester p.3).This paper explores human sexuality and how it’s...
Introduction Stages of psychological development are generally defined by the behavioral traits and aspects of a person. In fact, the development of a child depends on numerous factors, including the factors which were observed during pregnancy. In fact, child development depends even on the factor whether the pregnancy was planned...
Introduction The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory is a test that is utilized in the measurement of various abilities and personality dispositions of the test takers. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory is used for civilian cases as well as the armed services. Below is a look at the test. Minnesota Multiphasic...
Introduction Psychological analyses indicate that children who have undergone molestation are likely to experience anxiety, depression, post traumatic stress disorder, physical injury and may be susceptible to more abuse in the future. When a child has been molested by a family member then this is likely to lead to even...
Introduction The majority of human being doesn’t bring back much knowledge from memory about learning to talk. It merely appeared to come in a natural or normal manner. Without much doubt human being does not bear in mind to a great extent with reference to how they learned to interpret...
Introduction The mother-infant bond is a special kind of bond that begins from the time of conception. This interaction continues even when a baby is born and continues throughout the infancy stage. Nevertheless, as infants, communication takes a unique pattern particularly in infants who have not yet started talking. It...
Introduction Bipolar disorder also referred to as manic-depressive complications, is a mood or brain disorder that influences the change in personal behavior, feelings, thoughts, and perceptions that lead to abnormal shifts in an individual’s energy, mood, and ability to function (Huxley, 2002). These changes are usually different from the common...
Abstract Howard Gardner’s research on the seven types of human intelligence has added rich amounts of literature to the understanding of human personality. Introduced by Gardner in 1983, multiple intelligence is a theory about the brain that argues that human beings possess a single intelligence during their times of birth...
America Psychological Association’s ethical code has four main which are the introduction, the preamble, the general principles, and the standards of ethics. The main issue that the author of this document addresses in this text is the ethical standards that psychologists are supposed to uphold. The introduction has a detailed...
Introduction Psychotherapy refers to the counseling done by a psychotherapist to assist the patient in different problem-solving skills. It mainly focuses on the individual’s well-being. Group psychotherapy is a form of psychotherapy where a group of patients is treated by one or more therapists. This is usually done in a...
Introduction Fresh graduates leave colleges and universities after years of academic work culminating in the joyful reward of being holders of degrees or diplomas. Many of them end up seeking jobs in various institutions a difficult task that demands patience. Employers when hiring, look for the best the market can...
Both phobias and addictions are two weak states of a person’s mind where one can be weak while thinking of or seeing something. They can really weaken a person and if a person has intensive phobias or addictions then he or she must consult any psychiatrist to resolve the problem...
Personality, a key constituency of individuals has attracted varied definitions, for example, Funder (2001, cited in Mroczek and Little, 2006, p.108) defines personality as those characteristics which individuals possess and which manifest in terms of thought, emotion and behavior together with the psychological mechanisms that are either hidden or not....
Introduction This is a research that studied the results yielded from the execution of evaluation-based behavior support plans on the participation and problem behavior of three young children with behavioral difficulties in a community early childhood program. The research relied on recent studies on the early involvement to young children...
The concept of self-esteem is derived from self –theory. Theory of self has been based on a Euro-American view, which has low value on the African –Americans. A basic assumption of self-theory is the need to appreciate oneself and be appreciated by others. This basic assumption, according to Cross (1971)...
The basis for education is empowerment; children and toddlers are also not exempted from this kind of empowerment. This enables them to discover their passion and raise their confidence in everything they do. Professionally trained teachers are made to understand this concept. Empowering toddlers to enjoy learning is critical because...
Since ancient times, physical punishment has been one of the most popular methods of child upbringing. Given the current level of violence, it should come as no wonder that physical punishment is so widespread. Thus, critics cannot consider such physical punishment as a sole problem; it is, actually, just another...
Introduction Human development is a step-by-step process that takes a person’s lifetime. On the contrary, the development of the brain is active in childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood (Lemme, 2006, p. 56). In this essay, we consider the developmental milestone of a twelve-year-old male who moves to the UK and...
Introduction Cognitive development is part of human development and refers to the abilities of individuals to acquire “thinking, problem solving, concept understanding, information processing abilities and overall intelligence,” (Oakley, 2004, p. 2). Various cognitive changes take place as people grow from infancy to childhood, teenage, adulthood and finally as they...
Aggarwal et al (2005) highlight chronic as one of the health problems that are frequently unexplained for various reasons including a tendency to co-occur with other conditions. The etiology of chronic fatigue remains a quagmire with biological and environmental factors being mentioned as causal factors. Assessing the relationship between different...
The events in an individual’s life during childhood vastly influence the personality type of that person during adulthood. In most cases, the roles played by parents contribute significantly to the personality of a child even as he or she grows to maturity (481). During the infancy stage, there is a...
The study intends to establish whether integration of functional behavior assessment and function-based behavior support can be used in reducing problem behavior in young children of school-going age by analyzing variables that may increase the proportion of children to whom the first step is applicable. This position is supported by...
Serial killers belong to one of the patient groups investigated by psychology and psychiatry. Psychologically, serial killers are characterized as people with psychosis and dissocial personality disorders. The murder of a stranger is not seen as mainly motivated by prior interpersonal frictions in the killer-victim relationship, but rather as the...
Introduction Life is organized into eight stages that extend from birth to death (Karen, 1998). This organization is best described as a portrait. One can visualize himself from this portrait. You can conduct a self-assessment and verify each stage. Erik Eriksson organized these stages of life in a way that...
There are characters in the society whose habits and moral behaviors are something out of the ordinary. These individuals exist in each society. They have the propensity to engage in certain inhuman activities without being empathetic in any way. The cruel acts they commit do not seem at all cruel...
Introduction This research will examine the effects of television watching on children. It intends to find out how television influences the behaviors of young children. Television has replaced the school as the key socializing agent apart from the family since a good number of American children spend most of their...
Introduction According to Anonymous (Anxiety disorders, 2010), anxiety refers to a human reaction that is natural which involves both the body and mind. It is an alarm system that undergoes activation every time an individual perceives a threat or danger. At the time there is a reaction of the body...
An entrepreneurial mindset refers to aspiring and devising the organizational setup by introducing a ground-breaking business approach as a trademark in the market. In the philosophical business sense existentialism, axiology, pragmatism, and ethics are the key magnets that influence the nurture of an entity’s persona and establish the organizational behavior...
There are various questions about how puberty affects adolescents because not all people are impacted in the same way. The fundamental answer is associated with the environment of a certain adolescent, experiencing cognitive, biological, and social changes. The three mentioned changes and the very context shape an adolescent’s perception of...
Background information Teenage substance abuse continues to be a major social ill that society has to contend with. Research studies have indicated that a great majority of adolescents have at one point or another engaged in alcohol and other illicit drugs such as marijuana, heroin and cocaine among others. The...
Introduction The purpose of the article is to expound on the interfering behaviors in persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), formulate an approach for preventing and lessening interfering behaviors, and present a range of evidence-based applications that can be used to tackle interfering behaviors in children and youth with ASD....
Depression is a mood disorder and is generally accompanied by feelings of intense sadness and hopelessness. Anyone, irrespective of age, race, or gender can be afflicted with depression and it is one of the most common illnesses afflicting people around the world. According to WHO, about 121 million are affected...
Introduction Generally, the life span development is categorized into five stages as Infancy from birth to 1 year, childhood from 3 to12 years, adolescence from 12 to 20 years, adulthood from 20 to 65 years, and seniors who belong to the category of 65+ years. This paper is focused on...
One of the many fallacies of human existence is their selfish desires. A person will go to extraordinary lengths to ensure that they benefit from any action that will be taken. Although self-preservation is one strong characteristic of a human, such preservation at the expense of another person is morally...
Abstract With divorce rates being more common in the 21st century more than any other time in history, children are increasingly on the receiving end for decisions made by their parents. While it may be too complicated for the younger children to understand, those aged between eight to eighteen years...
Introduction Description of the injury John twenty-two years old rugby player got injured while in his first year in college. He landed himself badly on his shoulder thus causing the joint in the shoulder to separate. The injury separated his Acromio Clavicle (AC) joint from the shoulder. Description of the...
Abstract Notion of reflection is something that is respectably a part of counselling and affects the way one view issues. The personality of the person concerned thus affects how the popular ideal will be meted out. To notion of reflection is largely responsible for the adherence or flouting of the...
Introduction Psychology is both an applied and academic field which is concerned with the study of human and animal mental functions and behaviors scientifically. Psychology is an old discipline that was founded by Wilkhelm Wundt in 1879 as an independent field of study in Germany.Wundt set up the first laboratory...
Introduction Bipolar disorder is one of the most common cognitive behavioral disorders and it affects people of all ages. The disease has very many names that the psychologists and psychotherapists use to describe it. The disease is also called manic depressive disorder, affective disorder or manic depression. It is a...
Depression is a mood disorder and is generally accompanied by feelings of intense sadness and hopelessness (Hammen, 1997). Anyone, irrespective or age, race or gender can be afflicted with depression and it is one of the most common illnesses afflicting people around the world. According to WHO, about 121 million...
When an individual wants to write a good essay, it is important for him/her come up with a pre-write. It simply means to state the main points or ideas that an individual intends to write about. This helps to maintain the flow of ideas in an essay or any other...
Abstract The Brohfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory of Development is a context that explains the role of ecology on our growth and development. The theory projects how resiliency and other factors prompting our development mentally. The incorporation of resiliency as a subject in learning theories based on societal contexts is an important...
Introduction Daydreaming? Getting lost for a moment when doing a certain task? Being absorbed in one’s thoughts and forgetting the rest of the world for a moment? These are most common examples of what we call mild dissociation and it is just a normal experience for any person at some...
Ever wondered where the surplus embryos created by infertile couples end up? This has been the major bone of contention for the fertility clinics which are left with the responsibility of taking care of the unused embryos on behalf of the donors. The essay that follows intends to tackle the...
Purpose of the study The purpose of this study was to establish whether check in check out system could be used in reducing problem behaviors where three tier prevention mechanisms like the universal, targeted, and intensive interventions are used to target primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions respectively. Are social problems...
Introduction The consumption process is a learning experience that affects and is affected by perception. Perception influences the selection and interpretation of marketing information, symbols, and products. Because it affects the expectations of potential results from various customer choices, it is a significant factor in individual and group reaction. In...
Introduction Self-control simply being in a position to have a guarded behavior, actions, emotions and line of thought. Having full control over your emotions, behavior, and thought is a whole developmental process. Self-control can also be called self-regulation. A number of factors impact one’s ability to practice utmost self-control. Scientifically,...
Introduction All of us get depressed at one time or another for one reason or another. But these feelings are in general brief and only have slight effects on our day-to-day life. The distress in a family is even more when a member is suffering from bipolar disease. Bipolar disorder...
Introduction Cognitive theory is usually a learning theory that tries to explain the human behaviour based n their thought processes. The logic in human helps them to make decisions and choices that are more sensible to their lives. The individual thoughts are the paramount determinant of the emotions and behaviours...
Psychology has become an integral part of our life and science of great importance for humanity since a human being is a subject it studies. There are a lot of specialized, peer-reviewed periodicals that offer recent news from the sphere of psychology. However, it is possible to find connections with...
About the Article The article ‘Psychology in the study of Physical Security’ is very realistic. It considers the major elements of physical security. These aspects are technology and people. Many issues have not been researched in the field of physical security. The article lacks some physical security considerations such as...
Introduction According to (Muchinsky, 2008), An I/O psychologist is someone who has studied operations that take place in workplaces. This particular specialization is very essential in the promotion of workers’ behavior and their way of thinking. It is also applied in the selection of people to employ so as to...
Introduction The article “Six-Year Follow-up of Preventive Interventions for Children of Divorce. A Randomized Controlled Trial,” written by a number of researchers deals with the behavior of adolescents whose parents have been divorced. The study presented in the article is based on the results obtained by interviewing and observing the...
Introduction To begin with, it is necessary to mention that everyone is subjected to making mistakes. It is impossible to be ensured against them. These actions are always criticized with expressive remarks made by other people, nevertheless, psychologists have their own ways of explaining dumb things, made by smart people....
Introduction A great interest in animal consciousness has been centralized in philosophy and scientific studies for decades. It is necessary to stress that the problem of determination whether animals are conscious or not stretches the scientific methodology and knowledge limits; the question is concentrated on the contrast and comparison of...
Introduction Mistreatment of the children may lead to child abuse and neglect. Mistreating a child may be in a form of physical, mental abuse, emotional and even sexual. Child abuse and neglect usually start at home through the people who often accompany the child. There have been different interpretations of...
Introduction This thesis aims to report on Out of Home Care (OOHC) in the context of Australia. This includes discussion on its importance and the scope of OOHC in Australia. Furthermore, this study will also focus on how OOHC is currently being addressed in Australia and what are the consequences....
Even before the revolutionary breakthroughs in the field of genetics had taken place during the course of last fifty years, which point out to one’s personality as having largely biological subtleties, people used to suspect that individual’s behavior does not solely account for particularities of his of her upbringing. In...
Introduction Addictive behavior is any behavior, activity or object that an individual gives a great priority or attention such that it becomes the major focus in life and is physically or mentally harmful to the person and to the society in large. A person who is completely obsessed or dependent...
Research Hypothesis The research is aimed to study the aspects of bipolar disorder. Originally, the authors of the research state the following: “the research investigating the childhood and adult etiology of bipolar disorder will be organized according to the situational, behavioral, and organic factors proposed in PB theory. Finally, 15...
Introduction Children undergo a series of developmental stages as they grow towards maturity and it is important that parents understand the difference between the normal adolescence behaviors to attempt to disobey rules and authority and the full-blown Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a behavioral disorder that mostly...
When contemplating the man-like intelligence of machines, the computer immediately comes to mind, but how does the ‘mind’ of such a machine compare to the mind of man, and precisely what is meant by the term ‘mind’? A human brain assimilates and processes in much the same way as a...
The existence of the human society is based on the process of learning and putting the knowledge and skills learnt into practice. This process facilitates the technological progress of mankind and is one of the reasons for the emergence of human rights movements, feminism, movements for equal rights for all...
Humans have a varied productivity cycle depending upon their bodily constitution, environment and cultural factors. This essay explains the most productive period of the day as applicable to the writer of this essay. The author feels most fresh and productive early in the morning after a good night’s sleep. The...
Introduction Self concept is a term used to explain how people feel about themselves which determines how effectively they handle life experiences. Throughout the world, human beings have continued to question life’s reason. We often wonder what our essence in this world is and who we really are. In a...
The purpose of the study reported on in “Developmental Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms from Early Childhood to Late Adolescence: Gender Differences and Adult Outcome” (2007) was to discover if there were gender differences in depressive symptoms and if these depressive symptoms in early life could predict outcome in adults. The...
Introduction In our society, children are considered the most inquisitive and fast growing members. Attention and care for children has been considered of importance as they are vulnerable to injury and/or adopting socially unfit behavior. At the childhood stage, much is seen and heard by the child. These experiences can...
The term personality refers to the sum total of all characteristic traits of an individual like: attitudes, aptitudes, desires, emotions, cognitive functions etc. There are set a of personality theories that speak on the development and growth of the whole personality of an individual. This paper attempts to sum up...
Introduction It can be argued that since the start of human history and despite advances in technology and society in general, human behaviour remains the same. There are issues regarding human behaviour that can surface very easily when human beings are placed in extreme conditions such as prisons. This was...
Most of the juvenile cases reported are committed by youngsters who fall between the age group of 11 to 17. Many reasons cause the increase in the number of juvenile delinquents this may include; cross-cultural marriages, illiteracy among parents, and peer influence. The most notable cause that has seen the...
Introduction Domestic violence is a serious problem in the contemporary American society (Buzawa). Most of the violence against women is committed by intimate relations of the victims and criminal documentation of the same is not available. Thus a study on the effectiveness of the present prevention and regulatory system is...
Introduction The main purpose of conducting this research is for determining the different practices, assumptions, beliefs, and attitudes that are shared by transpersonal therapists distinguishing them from other therapists. The research mainly focuses on the areas of spiritual beliefs relating to psychotherapy, transpersonal training, spiritual experience, personality orientation, psychotherapeutic orientation...
Introduction In human perception and reflection of reality, there is an issue which has been the focal point of research for psychologists and linguists: whether it is the language or the thought that develops first, which of them determines the course of the other, and what exactly is the nature...
A Master’s degree in counseling is undertaken by college graduates. They undertake it to widen their career opportunities. Graduates with this degree can specialize in areas such as child counseling, marriage and family counseling. Master of counseling graduates holds various professional positions. The following are examples of some of the...
Introduction Addiction is one of the cognitive mechanisms characterized as a psychological disorder. In defining behavior as the domain of psychology, a serious problem arises in distinguishing between behavior and physiological events. In restricting the domain of psychology to behavior and its relationship to the environment, molar behaviorism does not...
Introduction Bipolar disorder, previously termed manic depressive psychosis, is a serious mental illness characterized by mood swings with episodes of both elevated and depressed moods (Bipolar Disorder, 2005). Stressful conditions and functional disturbances are the triggers of mood swings. Effective therapy being available, the positive approach by the families and...
Introduction I started the paper with description of Social Cognition and Dialogical Self paradigms as the issue is to explore the chances of integration of above two. In the above context, I used Forgas writings that quoted Plato about primitive, animalistic mode of responding and ended up with universally beneficial...
Introduction Personality is the mortal of an individual in character, thoughts or feelings. It is a person’s public image. The big five factors of personality is a theory that explains the personal traits of an individual that are summarized into five as was published by Fiske in 1949. These traits...
Research in general can be explained as the pursuit for knowledge or a methodical investigation in search of information to form or support available facts. Research work can be classified into two where; there is basic research that does not go into deep details on the area of study and...
Abstract According to the United States National Institute of Mental Health (2009), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) has been defined as “an anxiety disorder characterized by chronic anxiety, exaggerated worry, and tension, even when there is little or nothing to provoke it.” The prevalence of GAD, along with the associated incidence...
Abstract The purpose of this discussion is to look at identity and self in counselling psychology. It will look at how the contemporary issues of identity, diversity, and self impact the couselling. This is because society has been going through many changes in its practices from the traditional, modern, and...
“Parapsychology involves the study of anomalous experiences, such as OBEs, (out-of-body experiences) that may be primarily due to quite normal psychological processes, as well as the study of what we might call the “core phenomena” of parapsychology: phenomena such as ESP, PK, and DMILS, which may suggest the operation of...
Introduction A person’s life period has different stages like childhood, adulthood, youth, and old age. At each of these periods, people show some common tendency in their character and their attitude. This essay discusses the adulthood lifetime of a boy. His name is Don, and had 17 years old. Assuming...
Introduction The personal and professional seminar has made a great change in me. This essay deals with the changes that were made in my thought process and attitude by the ideas of personal and professional seminars. I have tried to reflect my understanding of my personal and professional sense in...
Educational Theories Formal and informal learning takes place in guided frameworks or structures commonly referred to as educational theories. According to educationalists, these are theories that outline the purpose of education, its application as well as the interpretation of educational learning. These theories provide a guide through which Knowledge, skills,...
It is extremely important to understand when stress levels are high and when they become out of control. Stress is extremely dangerous and can dominate over one’s actions and personality. Stress adversely impacts the behavior, mind and body of a person and almost every individual is exposed to experiencing stress...
The purpose of a democratic society is to make all people that are the cells of society equal. However, there are people who have inborn or acquired disabilities that complicate their communication with other people. The further study will be based on the analysis of the features of mentality and...
Analysis of the Article The phenomenon of Savant Syndrome is studied by many psychologists and scholars in this field. The article under consideration is called Inside the mind of a Savant and is written by Darold Trefferd and Daniel Christensen (2006). The paper is dedicated to a comprehensive study of...
Introduction Anger and personality disorder have one thing in common. People who suffer from either have no ability to empathize. When a person is angry, they defy empathy by developing severe anger. The person feels that the source of their anger is disparaging their suffering. Their anger, therefore, increases when...
The humanistic perspective focuses on the ‘self’ that defines “you”, “your perception” and “your experiences”. The basic motive behind this approach is the facilitation of personal development. There are two theorists who put forward their studies in this regard, Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Carl Rogers Carl Rogers is not...
As the sun sets in the small city of Espanola in New Mexico, parents stay worried as their kids come home completely drugged and in a sorry state. They look upon the government to help salvage them from this terrible situation of rampant drug abuse that has engulfed them like...
Violence against women in society causes trauma, depression, stress and other psychological-related disorders. So as to alleviate the symptoms related to the trauma, buttered women have to seek counseling services where they are given support and life skills. This paper explores the literature that has been done so far concerning...
Lifespan development is the growth of the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes that incurs throughout life. It is multidimensional and encompasses the psychoanalytic models of physical, cognitive and socio-emotional growth. The conceptional rationale for the transition from infancy to early childhood is determined by a series of crucial developmental stages...
Introduction Research has shown that, both organizational and home stresses are great threats to reputation because it causes a lot of anxiety. Such kind of stress will have effects equally on both employees as well as employers. (Eaker, 2000 p66) argued that, “The anxieties generated at place of work are...
In treating the psychological conditions of war veterans returning home from the battle lines psychologists began realizing that many of them had the same general symptoms that were associated with other individuals who had suffered through terrifying ordeals. These symptoms included an overdeveloped startle reflex, an emotional numbness, a loss...
Introduction Who Moved My Cheese? An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and Your Life is a book about motivation enhancement by the author Spencer Johnson published in 1998. According to the New York Times, it has been a best seller ever since. The general message of...
Bipolar disorder The incidence of bipolar disorder is fairly high: more than 2 million people in America above 18 years have this illness (Bipolar disorder, 2007). It can be present at adolescence or later and may have a triggering event in the life of the patient. The one advantage of...
Introduction Many perennial conflicts have failed to be settled due to failure of the mediators to come up with the appropriate strategies which would put all the aspects of the conflict into consideration and hence translate into positive results. In addition, some factors have proved to be difficult to deal...
ERG theory Alderfer proposed ERG theory as a new version to the Maslow’s need hierarchy theory. Similarities: The research on the Maslow’s need hierarchy theory shown that the needs in the hierarchy have some common characteristics. And thus there is a need for to clear the ambiguity. Alderfer proposed a...
Introduction Decision-making is one of the central processes in human lives. Individuals’ lives depend on the choices made concerning certain issues. With the decisions, one’s future becomes either favorable or terrible. In addition, decision-making determines one’s success in a career and also effective leadership within the individual. Similarly, the decision-making...
Introduction Cognitive development is related a child’s development process. It focuses on the child’s memory, development, problem solving skill development, thoughts and language development and social and meta cognition. Cognitive development is mainly related to human’s brain growth. It can be discerned as the development of intellectual abilities in a...
The emotional, psychological and physical maltreatment of children is referred to as child abuse. It is defined as the ill-treatment and exploitation of children by acts such as emotive abuse, psychosomatic abuse, bodily abuse, and sexual abuse. Most of the instances of child abuse happen while the child is at...
Self-efficacy is an important variable that is characterized by a significant value in contemporary psychological research, and its definition may be easily explained with the help of the children’s story under the title “Little Engine That Could”. The little engine from the story was “smaller and weaker than the others”,...
The working environment is considered to be the principal cause of depression and stress. The case study analysis depicts Michael’s stress sufferings at work; being a 40-year-old experienced airline pilot, the man completely devoted himself to his work. The analysis of possible causes leading to stress and depression is based...
Psychology has proven to be highly relevant in today’s world. It is a multi-faceted social science that finds itself useful in all human situations. It involves the study of the mind and behavior and covers many aspects worthy of study. Its broad scope encompasses all areas of human behaviors in...
In today’s society losing someone or something, you love is quite painful yet it occurs frequently in human life. It is such an aspect of life that almost everyone will experience at some point in their lives in this world full of dynamism. The concern is not the occurrence but...
Fairy tale stories such as Cinderella stories must be taught to young children as they are one of the best ways to tell the children about the surrounding world. Cinderella stories form an excellent literature study aiming at character education. You can find different versions of the Cinderella stories. There...
Some people regard short stories as something entertaining, childish, and not serious. The size of the book cannot show its context. Short stories are even better to perceive, as you read without interruption. The reader perceives the whole information at once and can make some conclusions immediately. Short stories are...
Introduction Psychology refers to childhood as the time between birth and puberty, just before the human being enters adolescence (Gowers, 2005). However for sociologists, childhood is considered as the period after infancy, wherein the human being begins to actively participate in his or her immediate social environment and make conscious...
Introduction Breaking Away is a light comedy with Dennis Christopher and Paul Dooley in the leading roles. It was directed by Peter Yates and released in 1979. The movie presents a story of four high-school graduates each of them having separate interests and none of them having desire to further...
In personality development, childhood is considered to be very significant. Therefore in an attempt to analyze appropriate moves about children breaking away stand by me or hope, I will consider Erickson’s perspective of psychosocial development, as far as childhood is concerned. According to Erickson as the child develops ego identity...
To understand things from the outside world and inner feelings, a person has to rely on his own culture and experience. In this situation, the human mind becomes the main tool that helps people to determine reality and perceive some knowledge. People infer the truth about some causally connected but...
Introduction Functional Behavioral Assessment is defined as a process aimed to analyze and evaluate problem behavior patterns of students with special needs The influences of special education and the mental health movement upon the development of school psychology should have provided a basis for school psychologists to develop roles that...
Introduction From the point of birth to the point of death, an individual keeps growing and having changes occurring on his or her body, such changes are not normally random; they are orderly and follow a certain pattern. For instance, a child loses teeth in the process of development and...
Introduction Society is the many-sided form of existence for people. It is represented in many different ways through the life of every member of society. Political system and its conditions is the issue due to which any society of any state exists. Then comes the social obligations put both on...
Introduction In psychology, the problem of nature and nurture is one of the most controversial one. Behavioral geneticists have extensively explored the nature and nurture of general cognition, the etiology of specific abilities has received comparatively little attention. Conclusions about the relative impact of genes and the environment on different...
This paper is to give the description and illustration of various concepts of the Bowen theory on differentiation of self, through which his terms such as emotionality, individuality and togetherness will be brought to light. Introduction A Family as unit is the primary source for educating and developing an individuals’...
The mind is a complicated body machine that can not be imagined. Research has shown that it weighs about 1.5-kilo grams and that it has more than 50 billion connections to the body through nerve endings and nerve cells. The brain is not independent but it works together with other...
Introduction Extrasensory perception pertains to an experience associated with awareness of either messages or beings without the employment of any of the five senses of the human body. There are four major types of extrasensory perceptions that have been popularly described for decades. Mental telepathy is a form of extrasensory...
Introduction This research is aimed at investigating the causes and effects of such mental disorder as depression. In addition to that, I intend to analyze various treatment modes and ascertain their effectiveness. This particular aspect interests me, because depression is by far the most widespread mental disorder, and its causes...
Introduction For human beings it is typical to unite in various groups, teams and organisations. For the sake of order and avoiding anarchy certain rules and laws are established in these organisations that regulate the principles of organisational behaviour. Accordingly, organisational behaviour is the basis of the successful performance of...
Dialogue I happened to meet 17 year old Ryan at one the sessions in his school. To my greeting him, he responded warmly by wishing me back and taking his seat. I: Shall we start by my asking this: What are your hobbies? Ryan: Football. I spend a lot of...
Introduction Over the past three centuries mental outcomes war-related syndromes had various names as shell shock, combat neurosis, combat fatigue, mental conflict, or mechanical impact exhaustion (Shalev and others, 1996). Each name represented a theoretical outlook to the cause of mental trauma (Shalev and others, 1996). The diagnosis of posttraumatic...
Introduction The following research paper is about the relationship bond of an Adult and a child shown in American movies. The paper would explore the meaning of a relationship between an adult and a child and would emphasize its importance as well. The relationship between that particular adult and the...
Abstract Mind’s thought has been found to control most of the body’s behavior regarding health issues in human life. The argument is, if an individual can focus on a certain control of his/her mind and imagine that he/she is already being subjected to the physical conditions he/she would desire to...
Abstract This paper is going to deal with the reasons of antisocial and delinquent behaviors. Theories of Social and Self Control discussed by Ronald L. Simons, Lesley Gordon Simons and Laura Ebert Wallace in “Families, Delinquency and Crime: Linking Society’s most Basic Institution to Antisocial Behavior” will be thoroughly considered...
Having read the article titled Some Conditions of Obedience and Disobedience to Authority written by Stanley Milgram (1965), one is forced to contemplate on the intensity with which people have to undergo mental pressures in adhering to orders and instructions. Such tendencies are experienced by all in real-life situations whereby...
Introduction Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was born on September 14, 1849 at Ryazan. Even during his early study period, he showed a lot of interest in physiology. In 1891-1900, at the Institute of Experimental Medicine, Pavlov did a lot of research on the physiology of digestion. During his study of the...
It was in the 50s that the concept of stress was initially brought in by Hans Selye. However, he called it General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) and he explained that all individuals respond to all types of threatening situations in the same manner (guidetopsychology.com). Today, we know that the knowledge of...
Introduction Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder defined by behavioral problems that include social disability, communication impairment, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. It is a brain disorder that impairs social interaction and communication, thus causing restricted and repetitive behavior, all starting before a child is three years old. It is...
Abstract The combat and operational stress can push a soldier to his outermost limits. Negative reactions to such stress include an agitated mood or moodiness, anxiety, and panic attacks, a feeling of pressure, hypervigilance, sleeplessness, troubling memories, rage outbursts, a feeling of shock and numbness, thoughts about the people who...
Talking about meditation, I’d like to start with mentioning that meditation as a spiritual practice is considered to be even older than Hinduism which, by the way, is the oldest of five major religions. The roots of meditation travel back to ancient times and primitive hunter-gatherer societies are believed to...
In the course of history, parenting has always been a challenging vocation. Since children are not born with “how to raise” manuals, parents usually have no choice but to figure out things for themselves with regards to rearing their offspring. Often, when children become difficult to control, parents resort to...
Introduction Psychological disorders are reported to be very severe and are usually debilitating resulting in an inability of an individual affected to perform the usual routine practices for example household matters effectively and efficiently. This paper will therefore analyze various psychological disorders that are commonly found to be affecting individuals...
Introduction Zen Buddhism has been a topic of interest to westerners for a very long time. Zen Buddhism is a movement that occurred in the 1960s and involves monks, their feats and their monasticism, and the study of doctrines. However, Zen Buddhism is also a social and religious aspect that...
Why do so many people associate the field of psychology with clinical issues rather than science? Since its inception, Psychology has been widely taken as a clinical way of treating mental disorders or working out relationships (PsychNet UK) through counseling. Due to this reason, it is usually perceived to treat...
Social Influences in the film Zack Mayo is almost an orphan, having lost his mother and he now has moved in with his father, a womaniser who abandoned his wife and the child. The father Byron, works as a U.S. Navy Boatswain’s Mate and is stationed in Philippines. Coming from...
Introduction Depression is a focal public health question. In the childbearing period, it is commoner in females than in males with a 2:1 ratio. According to the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse-World Health Organization (2008), postpartum depression is at least an event of non psychotic depression fulfilling the...
Children’s emotional development: Challenges in their relationships to parents, peers, and friends Maria von Salisch. 2001, The international study of Behavioral Development. The article focuses on the relationships between children and their parents, peers, and friends and how they pose a challenge to the emotional development of the child. This...
Introduction Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder, which can be viewed as a response to such traumatic events as witnessing or committing homicide, surviving pain, tortures, or extremely harsh physical conditions. The present paper is designed to review three research articles, which explore different sides of PTSD. The...
Abstract Developing the classification scope of sleep disorders helps to identify possible causes, differential diagnosis and subsequently proper management. This essays aim at providing a brief yet a comprehensive review on the types, causes, and common treatments of sleep disorders. Introduction Sleep and wakefulness are two phases of brain activity,...
The book by C.S. Lewis titled the Abolition of Man provides information on the education in schools and the orientation which should be adopted by the educators when teaching children. The specific subjects that are to be taught to children that are highlighted in the book include English, natural laws...
Introduction Using physical force as a means of punishment is also known as corporal punishment. This is causing intentional physical pain and discomfort to a person with an aim of making the person amend his behavioral ways. Main text This method of physical correction has for a long time been...
Human brain is considered as the highly evolved organ to execute diverse environmentally adapted functions which may rely on the interaction between the cognitive and visual skills. Disorders associated with the mental function may lead to abnormal psychological behavior. I am having keen interest in understanding the psychopathology of certain...
