2465 samples of this type
Introduction The United States and Canada are the largest economies in North America. According to Pete (2015), there has been a raging debate as to which of the two countries is best to call home. Factors such as income and cost of living are some of the most important factors...
Introduction Microeconomics is a branch of economics that studies how individuals, households, and firms make decisions to allocate limited resources typically in markets where goods and services are being bought and sold. It examines how this decision behavior affects the supply and demand for goods and services, which determine prices,...
Abstract The nature of development and its primary concerns vary from time to time. The issues that were considered as most significant in past may not be a part of today’s key concerns. As the world crosses the premises of a new millennium, the nature of global development has considerably...
State-of-the-art of the UK startup market Recent historical market trends for startups in the UK In spite of the ongoing global financial turmoil and economic challenges faced by Europe, for years, the business environment of the United Kingdom remained not only stable but also positive, forward-looking and open for business....
Introduction The financial crisis of 2008 affected the economies of many countries across the globe. Many scholars agree that the housing bubble recorded in the United States between 2006 and 2007 triggered this meltdown. The discussion presented below uses the documentary “The Big Short” to give a detailed analysis of...
Introduction The financial crisis of 2008 affected cultural institutions across the United States. For instance, the Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA) in Los Angeles found itself financially strapped and incapable of achieving most of its cultural objectives. The absence of government support and reduced endowment gifts forced many institutions to...
Abstract This paper outlines the knowledge management in the context of globalization and using personal experience with virtual learning. Both the class theory of organizational knowledge management and innovational strategies are reviewed. Companies will be able to use distance learning and other applications or platforms to spread expertise and competencies...
Introduction The presented paper aims to analyze the implications of China’s trade policy for the global economy. The significance of the topic is determined by the fact that China has become one of the largest trading powers within several decades and plays a vital role in the world’s economy. The...
Introduction The inequality in financial matters, socioeconomic policies and the public domain has become a global concern. Russia has moved from the Soviet era of populism to abject poverty and extreme riches. The fast financial development that Russia has encountered in the previous decade did not cause any change in...
Transporting is a critical part of modern life that enables people to travel both long and short distances. Thus, this industry is distinctly vital for humankind. Businesses working in this field provide services connected to the movement of people or things from one place to the other. Railroads are a...
Introduction The topic selected for this report is “Investigation of the relationship between the number of Starbucks’s stores per capita and Canada’s ‘GDP per Capita’.” Starbucks Coffee Company (Starbucks) is a leading coffee brand that has the largest chain of stores. It is based in Seattle, Washington and its shares...
Introduction The history of banking dates back to Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. The first prototypes were created by merchants around 2000 BC in Assyria and Sumeria. During the Roman Empire and in Ancient Greece, banks were primarily based in temples. Lenders accepted deposits, issued loans, and changed money....
Among the factors that define economic growth and development, human resources and unemployment are considered to be the most vital. The well-trained and educated labor force has a significant and direct effect on the economy by producing a high-quality product. However, the problem is not only in finding sufficiently trained...
The first post-war most prolonged recession occurred in December of 2007 and came to an end only in June of 2009 and received the name of the Great Recession. Apart from its continuance, the Great Recession was ponderous in many aspects. The global crisis led all the financial markets and...
Introduction: The Issue Divorcing a strong and powerful economic community is a rather controversial decision that will inadvertently cause significant internal and external conflicts for any state. The case of Brexit proves that the refusal to be a part of the European Union (EU) is fraught with serious consequences that...
Introduction Crude Oil or petroleum, as we all know is the world’s most robustly dealt commodity. In her book Oil: The Economics of Fuel, Joann Jovinelly emphasizes the importance of this source for the whole world and the USA in particular (2007). It is extracted from the earth through oil...
Introduction As far as adding to the scientific deliberation, the work of scholars gives non-specific systems to sustainable development. Such non-exclusive systems recommend that various procedures can be taken after as a major aspect of sustainable development, each of which views the idea of sustainability through various lenses, or a...
WACC What role does the cost of capital play in the overall financial decision making of the firm’s top managers? There are different sources of funds that could be accessed by a company to manage its various business activities. These may include funds obtained from either operating activities or non-operating...
The main issue covered by Graham Smart’s article is that the set of genres and wide range of meditating technologies associated with the Canadian Central bank’s communications strategy can be perceived as portions of local organization action. As he attempts to prove his point, Smart explores two aspects of the...
External factors such as Consumer Price Index (CPI), consumer behavior, and inflation rate play a very important role in stimulating economic growth. For instance, the rate of inflation of a given economy will affect its growth since a high inflation rate may lead to low economic growth. Though internal factors...
Introduction Muhammad Yunus, Nobel Prize winner, is the founder of the Grameen banking system; he had the aim of elevating poverty through financial empowerment of the poor in the society. The idea is moving fast in developing and developed countries. This paper discusses various aspects of the Grameen banking system....
Introduction The housing market of Canada is managed and governed by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. It provides up-to-date and reliable reports, which help monitor the Canadian housing market, analyze it, and make predictions about its development. This resource provides data related to the rental market, housing construction, mortgage...
Introduction The budgeting process is the way toward outlining, executing, and operating spending plans. It is the administrative procedure of budget spending and planning, budgetary control, and the related strategies. Budget planning requires volumes of the bookkeeping regarding the firm’s operations (Okpanachi & Mohammed 2013). In summary, spending plan is...
Introduction Modern dictionaries define luxury goods as items whose price is worth more than the functional properties of the product itself. The luxury market continues to grow exponentially. In 20 years, from 1985 to 2015, its market size grew from 20 billion to 250 billion (Global luxury good industry n.d)....
Introduction The objective of this chapter is to describe the methodology employed by this study to collect and analyze data. Reyes (2004) recommends Watkins’ (1994) research methodology, which involves seven steps: novelty of the problem; investigator’s interest in the problem; practical value of the research to the investigator; worker’s special...
Introduction Aggregate demand is normally understood in the context of the total value of goods and services demanded by a given group of consumers at a given period and a given price (Brux 2007, p. 375). In other words, aggregate demand essentially refers to the value of goods and services...
Introduction Finances and exchange rates play a substantial role in the functioning of the international market while ensuring the circulations of goods and services. The importance of these economic matters cannot be underestimated, as the currency devaluation caused by the fluctuations in the exchange rates could be regarded as a...
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is considered an indicator of the overall economic wellbeing of the country. It should give a representation of the general welfare of the nation as the higher the level of production, the higher the country’s well-being. However, GDP does not reflect the social state of the...
For most intents and purposes, credit cards are superior to carrying cash. They are more compact and secure and can enable payments over the Internet. The situation for vendors is somewhat different, but credit card readers are becoming increasingly widespread. Nevertheless, many people prefer to use cash instead of cards...
About the Economies The UAE The UAE was established in 1972 after the merger of six states. The UAE has a vibrant economy. Its performance can be compared to nations in the European region. The country heavily depends on the production and sale of oil, other oil equivalent products, and...
Abstract This paper is based on the topic of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). It explores the topic through an analysis of a company selected from the database of the world’s most ethical companies. One of the issues which are discussed is how the company behaves in a socially responsible manner...
The strategy adopted by Vue Cinemas to acquire Ster Century posed a potential threat to ticket prices because the company would gain monopoly power to control the pricing of products in the industry. Monopolies are companies with exclusive control in the market and in a monopolistic competition market prices are...
Introduction It is necessary to mention that the influence of the capitalist market economy on impoverished working people is the topic that has been actively discussed over the last few years. Karl Marx and Adam Smith are two prominent figures whose works are praised and commonly studied. A contrast between...
Executive Summary The finance market is made up of different institutions that play different roles that are complementary or totally different. Whenever businesses require more money that they do not have, they are entitled to borrow from other institutions without forgetting that they are profit making organization. Different financing options...
David Ricardo was a modern orthodox economist whose main ideas centered on positive economics. He is notable for his contribution in economics during the classical period of economics. The period lasted about 100 years and his book “On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation” that was published in 1817...
Describe the essential characteristics of a bond and how these characteristics interact to determine bond value, inclusive of how both the interest rate and coupon rate influence bond value and pricing. It is probable to identify bonds as the investment option of primary importance, and the proper usage of bonds...
Abstract Oil prices rise and fall depending on the demand and supply of the commodity in the market. Several factors affect demand and supply and a balance of these two is required in order to keep prices stable (Hansen, 2005). Due to uncertainties in oil supply, strategic oil reserves are...
Introduction Background The banking sector remains one of the most important industries that have a significant impact on other industries within a country’s economy. According to Cornée, Karmi, and Safari, the banks provide finances needed by other sectors to run normally (498). They provide a platform for trade among large...
Introduction The trend of forming mergers in business has become very popular in the banking industry lately. In simple terms, a merger occurs when two different firms join their operations to firm one single organization (Braggion, Dwarkasing & Moorey, 2010). One of the fundamental effects of mergers is that it...
The article under consideration, “India’s Booming Smartphone Market” by Sean Mclain (2015), provides information concerning the development of the smartphone market in India while pointing out the tendencies that are bound to cause the increase in the product demand in the region. Description of the Article The article describes the...
Background information The Indonesian housing market is heading towards a burst. This reality has been necessitated by economic factors that are integral to its propagation. There are numerous similarities that are evident between the Indonesian case and the United States housing bubble in 2008. Several factors were responsible for the...
Evolutionary economics has made most scholars change their view of neoclassical theory given the dynamism of understanding certain market occurrences. Technological learning has been at the centre stage of the development process since effective comprehension of changes in the economy requires co-evaluation of technologies, as well as the institutional compartments...
Abstract The paper provides a critical review on a journal authored by Nichols, Raska, and Flint (2015). The authors conducted a millennial customer research on the impact of buyer humiliation on volume and worth. This journal was based on how millennial and non-millennial clients were affected by their emotional impacts...
Introduction Since the Second World War, the United States has been working hard to overcome the deepest as well as the longest recession it has ever faced (UN, 2011). However, on its way to recovery, the country has experienced a very slow speed. The growth that was experienced in 2010...
There are various definitions and assertions as to what constituted the transition period. According to Marx, the transition period was a time when the means of production was brought into common ownership by the working class using the power of the state. In other words, it was a period when...
Abstract The economy of the United States has gone a long and difficult way from being weak and completely dependent on the outside factors to being represented by a set of rigid yet efficient rules and a number of entrepreneurships ranging from SMEs to global enterprises. When considering the effects...
Poverty is defined as the state of deficiency of a certain amount of material wealth or money. In common use, it normally refers to a lack of enough food materials, safe and clean water, healthcare and education, and clothing and shelter. World poverty figures have been rising since the second...
The move by Prime Minister Najib Razak’s government to apply cuts on subsidies in 2013 to reduce Malaysia’s fiscal deficit and high debt burden is part of the reason for the faster increase in prices of essential commodities. So high was the inflation that the consumer price index surpassed the...
The Japan-US relations have been a complex issue for a long period of time. The problems based on the idea of the American military bases on the territory of Japan, Okinawa in particular, caused a number of discussions as it had a certain impact on the country’s economic and political...
Introduction In many modern societies, getting rich is the major goal pursued by every member. In spite of this, very few people understand the key steps that should be followed to achieve the objective. A number of factors must be brought together for one to become rich and successful (Dennis...
Insurance has a long history, which stretches back to the 3rd millennium BC. In its early history, insurance was nothing other than rudimentary risk spreading mechanisms employed by Chinese traders. They distributed their wares into many vessels so that if one or a few vessels capsized, the loss was evenly...
Summary of the book In their book, Scott Bittle and Jean Johnson discuss various financial problems that currently affect the United States. Overall, the authors focus on such an issue as the growing national debt of the country (Bittle and Johnson 4). In their opinion, this tendency has long been...
Case Summary Nestlé’s Nespresso system sells affordable coffee makers and profitable single-serve capsules, with 5.5 billion capsules sold in 2009. To protect its design, Nestlé filed 1,700 patents. Sara Lee identified a gap in Nestlé’s patents and launched compatible capsules in France in 2010, leading Nestlé to sue them there....
Introduction As the chief advisor to the president of a developing country, I recommend adopting a floating exchange rate regime. This can provide a much more flexible and adaptive approach to managing currency rates, promote exports and foreign investment, and not constrain the country’s macroeconomic policy. Comparison of Floating and...
Introduction Envision laboring diligently for all your days yet still grappling to meet your most fundamental requirements. This is not a mere theoretical scenario but a stark truth for countless Americans who earn the bare minimum. Whether you are a scholar, a caregiver, or simply embarking on your professional journey,...
The Role of Money In its various forms, money has been an essential aspect of human civilization, facilitating trade, storing value, and providing a unit of account. In today’s world, money has evolved into several forms, each serving specific economic functions. This essay will explore the different forms of money,...
Product, Its Price, and the Type of Market My product is a virtual reality headset called “Immersive Vision i24”. Its price is $299, which is a low price for these products in the market. The type of market is monopolistic competition since many companies, not only industry pioneers, present similar...
Introduction International businesses are highly regulated operations by governments around the world. They do this to protect their countries from harmful trade that may harm their economy and citizens. The action by countries through their government to protect their domestic industries through policies restricting international trade is commonly referred to...
Introduction Caterpillar Inc. is a leading global manufacturer of construction and mining equipment and industrial engines. The company lacks immunity from the supply chain disruptions and global economic problems that complicate the heavy equipment industry. This paper discusses how Caterpillar responds to inflation, problems in its supply chain, and demand...
Executive Summary In 2020, the then United Kingdom prime minister Boris Johnson agreed to a trade deal with the European Union (EU) in which the country left the single market and the customs union. Mr Johnson said the deal would allow the United Kingdom to do more business with its...
Summary The present report discusses different typologies employed by criminals to layer the profits obtained illegally and thus requiring to go through money laundering. The paper begins by introducing stages commonly needed to legitimize illicit capital and explains the concept of layering. In the subsequent section, the examination focuses on...
Data Description The present paper conducts an econometric analysis of the article “Drunk Driving Legislation and Traffic Fatalities: New Evidence on BAC 08 Laws” in order to understand the data and methodology used. It is necessary to define the data and its features with which the researchers work in the...
Introduction Policymakers, market analysts, and researchers must understand how individuals form expectations about critical economic variables. In one of the most pioneering studies, the authors used an extraordinary information experiment incorporated in a survey to examine how families change their expectations regarding home price growth. The essay focuses on the...
Federal Reserve Actions to Curb Inflation and Slow Economic Growth When the Federal Reserve believes that the economy is overheating and there is a risk of accelerating inflation, it has several tools at its disposal to slow down economic growth and tighten credit conditions. One of the primary instruments the...
Product Investment Considerations Investing in new products is presented to the company as an opportunity to contribute to its development and gain a competitive position in the market. At the same time, the central aspect that requires reflection is the feasibility of investing in a product line overseas or keeping...
Identification of an Ongoing Ethical Failure in Metro Vancouver The Metro Vancouver Regional District, also known as Greater or Metro Vancouver, is a modern and well-developed area with more than two million Canadians from various ethnic groups living there. Despite the intention to create favorable conditions for all citizens, sometimes,...
Introduction The issue of minimum wage has raised significant concern in many countries across the globe due to the increased debate around economic disparities. The main focus among economic experts and the government is to establish a reasonable balance between social justice and financial necessity. Originally, minimum compensation was supposed...
Introduction The robust banking system is based on the strength of the leading financial organizations. Among the most well-known banks are J.P. Morgan, Bank of America, Citibank, and Wells Fargo. However, behind the veneer of success and unbreakable nature are countless scandals, undermining the reputation of each bank. From the...
Executive Summary This task involves analyzing the dividend growth and implied rate of return for AT&T and Verizon. First, the most recent quarterly dividend for AT&T will be identified on the “Dividends” page of morningstar.com, which is $0.52 per share. Based on this, the total expected dividend for the next...
The Core Functions of the Bank of Hawaii The Bank of Hawaii is one of the oldest financial institutions in the country. It has operated since 1897 and is located in Honolulu (Yahoo Finance, 2023). This institution offers financial services to individuals and companies, ensuring sufficient economic activity. Retail Banking...
Research Background The research study mainly focuses on training, performance, and labor productivity concepts and their effects on staff retention in the Qatar banking sector. The study’s relevance is that the banking industry plays an essential role in the Arab country’s economy. In 2023, Qatar banking is unstable, especially after...
Introduction In the intricate world of customer service, portraying friendliness is akin to unlocking the golden gateway to customer satisfaction and loyalty. The art of customer interaction transcends the mere transactional exchange of goods and services. It is a delicate dance where the organization must employ many techniques to exude...
Introduction Understanding the numerous aspects that influence a society’s growth and well-being is necessary for measuring societal success. Economic growth, gross domestic product (GDP), per capita income, employment rates, and poverty levels are a few of the variables frequently used to evaluate social performance. However, there is a growing understanding...
Introduction The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is commonly known for producing and exporting oil. It is the largest county in the Arab world, covering a land area of about 2.15 million square kilometers and approximately 28 million inhabitants. The country’s capital and financial center is Riyadh city, in the middle...
Nominal GDP and Real GDP When measuring the Gross Domestic Product, government agencies first assess it without the effects of inflation (nominal GDP), and then factor the impact of price changes (real GDP). Thus, real GDP is adjusted for inflation while nominal GDP does not consider how changes in the...
Introduction Joblessness and inflation rates are essential economic indicators that have a substantial impact on a country’s economic well-being. Parts one and two of this report explore the complex link between redundancy and inflation. Part 3, on the other hand, reveals a complete study of non-employed statistics broken down by...
Introduction Assessing the economic performance of individual states through credible data is a way to obtain objective information about development-related characteristics. Based on the extraction of current data from valid sources, such parameters as per capita GDP, population size, economic freedom, and some other indicators will be considered. Country-specific examples,...
Introduction Exchange activity may be characterized by drastic actions by various organizations to strengthen their position. Thus, resorting to stock splits and reverse stock splits differ in results but have similar justifications for improving companies’ attractiveness. Carrying out such operations can significantly help firms remain relevant players on the stock...
Introduction Investment decisions and long-term planning for any investment or economic action often require a complete analysis of all associated risk factors. The concept of interest rates plays an essential role in determining the cost of capital. Real risk-free and nominal interest rates have fundamental differences that determine their different...
Population, Need, and Rationale The participant pool was sourced from Miami-Dade, Florida — a region with significant housing needs at affordable rates. Rolfe et al. (2020) found that this grew to one-fifth (21.8%) of Miami-Dade County households who were cost-burdened — spending more significantly than 60% of their earnings on...
Introduction Market dynamics are intriguing, and understanding the forces that drive demand and supply curves is critical to comprehending the overall economic picture. As previously stated, different non-own-product pricing variables might influence the demand curve, whereas technical improvements and input prices can affect the supply curve. I discovered two intriguing...
Introduction Efficiency is a fundamental concept in economics, and it is essential for maximizing the use of available resources in the economy. Allocative efficiency, in particular, is critical in determining the optimal allocation of goods and services in a given market. It is concerned with allocating resources to satisfy consumer...
Introduction The Deluge asserts that the United States’ economic strategies during and following World War I, such as deflation and tariff increases, significantly influenced its emergence as a global economic power. However, these measures also triggered the Great Depression and World War II by fostering economic and political instability, obstructing...
Overview of The Policy The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is a social welfare policy that provides tax credits to low-income working families in the United States. It was initially established in 1975 as a temporary program under President Ford, but it was made permanent in 1978 (Boardman, 2019). Since...
Introduction The suggestion that the First Home Owners Grant is potentially being pocketed by developers rather than reaching first-time homeowners can be analyzed using economic theories such as the theory of subsidy incidence, the principles of supply and demand, and the concept of rent-seeking. The Theory of Subsidy Incidence The...
Introduction In today’s world, extending high-risk credit to individuals or businesses can be a risky endeavor. Lenders need to protect themselves from default or bankruptcy on the part of the debtor. One mechanism that can help in this regard is the establishment of a security interest. This essay will discuss...
Introduction The Reserve Bank of Australia has undertaken one of the most aggressive interest rate hikes in recent years. With 11 consecutive increases in one year, the interest rate reached 3.85%. Although the RBA continues to work to maintain cash flows and ensure high economic stability in Australia, an increase...
Case Background Daniel, a Starbucks barista and finance student, has RSUs (restricted stock units) that convert to shares after two years of continuous employment. Starbucks established the Bean Stock program, allowing employees to “participate in their financial success.” Daniel decided to invest his stock in the stock market after five...
Introduction Equity schemes are often seen as preferable to grants for several reasons from an economic perspective, mainly due to their ability to prevent artificial price inflation and offer continuous support. Equity Schemes and Grants in Housing In the context of housing markets, equity schemes function by the government, providing...
Introduction From an economic perspective, land tax is considered preferable to stamp duty due to its efficiency, equity, impact on speculation, and potential influence on affordable housing. Benefits of Land Tax Over Stamp Duty One key advantage of land tax lies in its efficiency. Unlike stamp duty, a lump-sum tax...
Economic Climate The Russian economy mainly depends on oil and gas exports since this country is rich in these resources and is one of the leaders in the world market. Accordingly, the national currency, macroeconomic indicators of inflation, or the critical rate are adjusted depending on the dynamics of oil...
Market dynamics are based on the interaction between supply and demand. The need for a steady supply of power increases as the world’s population rises and urbanizes. The utility sector, with electricity as a good example, is crucial to this knowledge. To highlight how important the electricity sector is to...
Introduction Embarking on a virtual journey through Bloomberg’s rates and bonds webpage, we’ll explore the dynamic world of global interest rates, delve into the importance of the Yield Curve, dissect the causes and consequences of an Inverted Yield Curve, and unravel how market interest rates sway bond prices and yields....
Introduction The housing market is an integral part of any economy across the globe, encompassing a wide range of activities, including construction, buying, selling, and renting of houses. Over the last five years, the housing market has experienced significant changes, particularly in demand and supply. Such changes can be attributed...
Introduction The healthcare system in Mexico is a complex combination of public and private providers. The government, through the Ministry of Health, controls access to health care to a significant degree. Mexico has a universal health care system known as Seguro Popular, which was implemented in 2004 to ensure that...
Introduction Over time, prices of goods and services tend to rise, and this process is known as inflation. It is a phenomenon that affects people’s lives significantly and in various ways. From this perspective, the effects of inflation can be both positive and rather negative, depending on the circumstances and...
Introduction The American company Occidental Petroleum Corporation, frequently referred to as Oxy, is involved in global hydrocarbon exploration. It primarily operates in a number of industries, including the chemical and oil and gas sectors (Oxy, n.d.a). Around the world, particularly in the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America, Oxy manages...
Introduction Investing is a great way to build wealth and generate income, and there are many different types of investment vehicles available to help investors reach their financial goals. They vary in terms of risk, liquidity, and return on investment and include short-term investments, stocks, fixed-income investments, exchange-traded funds, and...
Introduction Economic, political, and social processes in society can have a significant impact on how the financial and business sphere develops in the country. With various major shocks, crises, or vice versa, great discoveries can become a significant test for the country’s economy. Their influence can have a negative effect...
Examining Economic Trends: Is Texas Heading Toward a Recession? There are signs of recession in Texas, but people do not feel it yet. Instead, they are concerned about other relevant issues. According to the journalists, despite the signs of the recession in Texas, things are going well (KVUE.). For instance,...
Introduction Innovation economics is a relatively young and expanding area of practical and theoretical economics that places a strong emphasis on innovative thinking and entrepreneurial activity. It includes putting any innovation, particularly one of a technological nature, to use for commercial purposes (Uzunidis, Kasmi, and Adatto, 2021). In the U.S....
Introduction Rare, important, and directive strategic decisions determine an organization’s long-term course. Leaders rely on policies to help them evaluate and make strategic decisions since they greatly impact the entire business. This paper examines a recent strategic choice made by the Bank of Canada. Furthermore, it considers the decision’s level,...
Introduction Clark Dale, a pronounced specialist in investments and portfolio management, now faces a choice of strategy. It’s about hedging a treasury bond portfolio worth $15 million. Clark is considering using treasury bond futures. His decision will ultimately be either successful or lead to unnecessary losses. Thoughts about hedging strategy...
Introduction The term stock market pertains to the marketplace where purchases and sales of shares and other securities happen. This essay discusses the seven steps to follow when investing in a surging stock market. The outcome of a diversified shares portfolio is relatively stable in the stock market (WSJ, 2014)....
Introduction Creating a portfolio that would yield high returns during economic growth and recessions is complicated. This situation is because past performance does not always set the ideal foundation for predictions, and many geopolitical, social, and economic factors can lead to significant changes. Kane and colleagues (2021, p.11) mention that...
Country Information Country name: Italy; Population size and age structure: 61,021,855, where 64.61% are people of 15-64 years, 12.08% – 0-14 years, and 23.31% – 65+; Government type: parliamentary republic; Legal system: civil law system; The size of the economy (GDP): $2.478 trillion (2021); GDP growth rate: 6.74% (2021); Major...
A Sample Line-Item Budget for a Human Services Organization The sample budget for the fiscal year 2023/2024 for the East Los Angeles College Foundation (ELACF) is based on the comparison to the fiscal year 2018/2019 budget, considering rising costs and expenses, as well as an increased income. The fiscal year...
Overview of the Houston City Budget The Houston budget is approved by the City Council annually. The procedure involves discussing all critical issues and amending budget items such as the police, fire departments, and, for example, solid waste management. Each city has different specifics and dynamics of financial requirements –...
Introduction The topic for the discussion is whether raising the national minimum wage is harmful to the economy. The argument put up by proponents of the hike is that raising the minimum wage will improve the conditions for workers’ social security. However, others opposed to the hike also contend that...
Introduction Investing in bonds is common among risk-averse investors seeking to mitigate risks on principal amount and income. However, selecting the optimal bond mix is challenging, given the impact of taxes on bonds. This essay will explore the concept of taxable equivalent yield and compare the DES Corporate Bond with...
Introduction Financial planning is one of the critical tools of conscious living, allowing one to forecast expenses and assess risks. An approach in which an individual can manage money wisely and create an environment in which finances can multiply allows one to create greater freedom of action and be prepared...
Measuring GDP Performance: Analyzing Sequential and Year-to-Year Data It is crucial to gauge the performance of sequential and year-to-year data when assessing important macroeconomics to determine GDP growth or decline. Sequential data, which contrasts current economic performance with the previous quarter, can be used to spot trends in the near...
Introduction Target-date funds are investment tools that allow pensioners to significantly simplify the accumulation of pension funds and make it easier to access them. These funds are an interconnected system that can automatically adjust the assets contained in the funds. This is done in parallel as the investor approaches their...
Introduction In the modern economy and investment analytics, two methods of stock estimation are used more and more often – the assessment of dividend discounted and the discounted monetary model. Both models differ in the principles for stock valuation and yield different results. In practice, both models are used to...
Introduction The paradox between capitalism and bank regulation is perhaps one of the most debated topics in financial circles. A capitalist nation such as the United States has adopted a regulatory framework that controls institutions in the financial sector and limits their participation in a free-market economy guided by supply...
A Turning Point: The Discovery of Oil in 1938 Saudi Arabia is a dry country, and most of its people lived as nomadic pastoralists before the discovery of oil. The government also earned some income from tourism activities as Muslims’ pilgrimages visited the holy city of Mecca. However, the country’s...
Introduction The forward foreign exchange market is a crucial component of the global financial system because it enables individuals, businesses, and governments to mitigate the risks associated with currency exchange rate fluctuations. This market allows parties to purchase and sell currencies at a predetermined price for future delivery, providing a...
The Laffer Curve The concept of tax incentives is widely used in economic theory, political economy, finance, and various specific economic disciplines. One of the key concepts of this aspect is the Laffer curve – this is a graph of the dependence of the volume of government revenues on the...
Introduction The Market Crash of 1929 is classified as one of the climatic events that marked the end of one age and the beginning of another. This is because the U.S. economy, which was booming, was forced to a sudden reversal leading to the massive crash. The Stock Market Crash,...
The Role and Impact of Base Interest Rates (LIBOR and SONIA) on Corporates and Individuals Central banks such as the Federal Reserve mainly use a base rate interest to control borrowing rates and encourage or discourage spending. Base rate interests are defined as interest rates that a central Bank charges...
Abstract The rising inflation affects the UK housing market and has caused significant fluctuations. Research findings report that the current inflation rate is 9%, an increase of more than 1.5% from the previous year’s recorded rates. However, the trend in the increasing rate of inflation has been experienced for the...
Introduction The U.S. central banking system, known as the Fed, is responsible for monetary policy and regulation. The Federal Reserve Act was enacted in 1913 to establish the Federal Reserve, which functions as the central Bank of the United States. The Federal Reserve has several responsibilities, including maintaining a stable...
Introduction Hello and welcome. I am your host and today we will be talking about UK trade policy implications from calculating the intra-industry trade (IIT) index. This is an important matter, so ensure you listen in all through. Trading between different stock market indices or IIT is common. Most investors...
Introduction Of great importance is a correct understanding of the cause-and-effect relationships that determine the dynamics of the price of oil, which directly affects the prices of other types of products, both exported and consumed domestically. The dynamics of the price are characterized by periods of sharp ups and downs,...
Introduction This memorandum report identifies and explains key microeconomic principles using a set of simulation games. The outcome of these games illustrate how microeconomic principles can be applied within real-life situations to help us make better business decisions. This report is a summary of the simulations I played and their...
Introduction As a travel agency, 4D Travel (Dalal’s Deliciously Delirious Departures) plays a crucial role in the tourism industry by providing tailored travel packages to meet clients’ diverse needs and preferences. These packages streamline the travel planning process and offer significant cost savings by bundling essential components such as transportation...
Introduction It can be challenging for entities in an international trade transaction to agree on the delivery conditions, the party responsible for the goods while in transit, and the mitigation of unforeseen risks. Thus, adopting Incoterms, which refer to clusters of standardized regulations in international sales contracts, can be helpful...
Introduction Bernie Sanders’ wealth tax would essentially be a tax on the wealthiest Americans’ net assets. The proposed plan would impose a 1% yearly tax on households with a net worth of $32 million or more, and an 8% annual tax on households with a net worth of $10 billion...
Introduction It is no secret that the Great Depression (1929-1933) was the most significant and prolonged U.S. economic recession, which developed into a global financial crisis. It was synchronous and comprehensive, affecting virtually all spheres of society, and it got its name from the emotional state in which people were....
Introduction Exchange rate risk refers to the potential financial loss that a firm may experience due to fluctuations in exchange rates. Firms with international operations or cross-border transactions are exposed to exchange rate risk, which can negatively impact their profits. In order to mitigate this risk, firms use various hedging...
Analysis of Expenditures Given the numbers provided in the 2022/23 medium-term and expenditure framework, the municipality will adhere to its allocated budget during the MTREF. Even if the budget is financed, there is evidence that this municipality is not producing sufficient money to support its operational expenditures, not to mention...
Understanding the U.S. National Debt The United States national debt is the federal government’s debt to creditors. The funds are borrowed to meet the budget deficit and cover all costs, including health care, infrastructure, and defense. This is also advantageous to creditors because it is not typical borrowing as in...
Recently, the stock market has become one of the most interesting and main instruments for investing and raising capital by companies and investors. Most companies use the advantages of stock markets to attract public funding for business development. Thus, it is important to discuss how companies and different investors choose...
Securities play an essential role in the structure of the market economy, as they are an analog of money in the form of a document. Possession of them gives the right to receive a certain amount of funds or certifies property ownership. One type of security is stocks, which provide...
Bond yield risk is the possibility of investment losses brought on by an increase in the going rates for brand-new debt instruments. For example, if interest rates increase, the secondary market value of a fixed-income investment or a bond will decrease. The price and yield have an inverse relationship, and...
In reading Sun Yuan’s The following factory of the world: How Chinese investment is reshaping Africa, one can arrive at ideas about why capitalism continues to work and how society contributes to it. The author draws attention to the problems of the clash between the inner core of Africa and...
Introduction The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) publishes a report every six months on violations of the law that were identified during inspections. The Bureau vetted companies and suppliers for compliance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA). The CFPB found multiple violations, especially inaccurate information in credit reporting and...
The US government incurs significant expenditures in each fiscal year to ensure the well-being of its citizens. Over the past decades, the country has been spending mainly in areas such as social security, defense, transportation, income security, and payrolls. The system of governance is divided into three key categories; federal,...
The shift toward Post-Fordist immaterial labour in the information economy was originally hailed as bringing more flexibility for workers and freeing them from tight control by bosses. At the same time, this shift has resulted in the rise of precarious gig work and the primacy of unstable short-term contracts. Using...
Introduction By the middle of the 1990s, Mexico seemed to be a prime example of economic liberalization. The country managed to attract a significant inflow of foreign investments. However, the success was short-lived since the political instability led to a drastic deterioration of the investment climate. The situation worsened because...
As the second and third biggest economies in the world, respectively, China and Japan are the two most powerful nations in Asia and substantially impact political and economic cooperation within the area. However, at best, ties between these two nations are cordial. Due to the disagreement over the Diaoyu or...
Insider trading is trading in shares or other securities by people that have access to confidential information. However, alongside illegal forms of insider trading, there are legal ones. The insiders are not only directors or people from management, but any person “with a stake of ten percent or more in...
The topic will illustrate the digital currency and its effects on consumer behavior in Saudi Arabia. A digital wallet is any program, electronic gadget, or internet service that enables people or organizations to conduct transactions electronically. Along with other things like gift cards and driver’s licenses, it keeps users’ payment...
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented contraction in the economy of the United States. The impact of the pandemic cuts across all departments within the federal government. Hiccups in supply chain management led to inflation due to the high demand for goods and dependability on imports. The lack...
Introduction Bangladesh is constantly developing and is one of the most populous countries in the world. Because of its large population, a large number of the young and hardworking labor force. The country’s location attracts a lot of investment – Bangladesh is on the trade route between South and East...
In recent years, the rising cost of college tuition and the increasing burden of student loan debt have created a college affordability crisis in the United States. To address this issue, President Biden’s administration has proposed a student loan forgiveness plan to relieve millions of Americans struggling with student loan...
To begin with, demand is the customers requirements and desires, which might be changed because of external factors. When saying “demand,” economists mean the desires of customers to buy some products or services during some period of time, and these wishes can change due to different aspects and situations on...
Introduction Dermontti Dawson was a former Pittsburgh Steeler who appeared in the NFL from 1988 to 2000. Despite a successful career, he experienced significant financial issues and declared bankruptcy in 2010, having around $70 million in debt (Andrew, 2022). Overinvestment in real estate, according to his instance, is a primary...
Introduction Inflation is a significant point of concern for all experts in the economy, as well as for ordinary citizens. The rise in consumer prices, which is not comparable to the values of the next few years, has a significant impact on consumer behavior and business. In order for society...
The minimum wage is one of the many political-economic systems measures that work to redress the economic imbalance. It is the minor salary that an employer must provide to their workers at any given time. Many have strong feelings regarding the minimum wage principle, which is a contentious subject. It...
