472 samples of this type
Critical Thinking Nietzsche’s Apollonian and Dionysian have some differences which individuals can analyze. One of the differences is that factors that are explored in Apollonian include stillness and thinking, while movement and distinct and shared trance are involved in Dionysian. Additionally, dancing is another aspect of Dionysian, which makes it...
Introduction Every person goes through literacy learning in early childhood and continues developing it in various ways throughout their lifetime. The most appropriate and frequently applied practices for it are reading, writing, communicating with others, and expanding vocabulary (Bennett et al. 246). Today, globalization provided humanity with a valuable opportunity...
Figurative language refers to the way a description is used to create a specific image and to elevate a person’s emotions. It seems essential to note that there are different kinds of this phenomenon. The latter may be considered as a vital part of writing, as well as of public...
Introduction The tribute speech to be analyzed was delivered by Former U.S president Barrack Obama during the memorial service for Nelson Mandela in December 2013. The speech highlights the achievements of Nelson Mandela, who was a freedom fighter for South Africa and its first president. The speaker is a respected...
Introduction Second language acquisition is a challenging and complex process both for the teachers and learners. There are many teaching methods and approaches that can be used in teaching English to various groups of students. They often depend on the specific country’s approach to teaching foreign languages and the goals...
The textbook identifies three views of grammar – traditional grammar, structural linguistics, and transformational grammar. Standard grammar refers to a set of prescriptive rules and concepts about the structure of language. This type of grammar has its roots in the principles formulated by the scholars of ancient Greece and Rome....
Assessment Design In this assessment, students will choose a topic and have a conversation about the chosen topic for six minutes in pairs. Students will choose from the following topics: art, childhood, food, hobbies. It will be a summative assessment of the students’ knowledge of the four topics they learned...
Verbal communication is a singular characteristic exclusive to the human species. This fact triggered many subsequent questions among linguists concerning the nature of human abilities to acquire a language, a large portion of them being on the border of linguistics, philosophy, neurobiology, and psychology. The topic has proved to be...
There is a well-known model in which three circles of the English language spread: the inner circle, the outer ring, and the expanding circle. Countries of the inner circle are the states in which English is the official and native language for the vast majority of the population. However, even...
[ðə fɜːst taɪm aɪ wɛnt tə ðʔ1 ʃɒp aɪ θɔːʔ2 ðə wə ᵊ3 raɪt naɪs reːnʤ4 əv gʊdz ðɛː5 | ɪt dɪnt6 siːm tuː dɪə bəʔ7 wɛn aɪ lʊkt ət ðʔ8 ˈpraɪsɪz mɔːˈkeəflə9 aɪ θɔːʔ10 wɛl ˈɑʔʧʊələ11,12 ɪts nɒʔ13 sʊʧ14 ᵊ15 gʊd ˈvɑljuː16 ˈɑːftər17 ɔːl | sɒ18 ðɛn aɪ dɪˈsaɪdɪd...
The communicative approach, also referred to as Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), has occupied the central part of language teaching discussions since the late 1960s. This concept emphasizes problem solving and interactions as the means and final goal of learning a second language (Educopedia Aulas Inglês, 2020). Hence, it stresses essential...
Language is a subject not exempt from misconceptions, some of which are pervasive even among students studying linguistics. In an attempt to alleviate the situation, in the chapter “Nine Ideas About Language,” Harvey A. Daniels (1985) closely investigates nine such misconceptions, relying on compelling arguments and their rather extensive analysis....
The article analyzes the Arabic language’s ‘multiglossia’ since different varieties of the Arabic language exist in the language community, which are used depending on circumstances. The author suggests applying Badawi’s five levels of Contemporary Egyptian Arabic when analyzing the linguistic situation in Egypt. These levels consider sociolinguistic aspects of using...
Abstract Promoting active information acquisition among students is a challenging task for any teacher. However, it becomes even more complicated to empower learners to attain success when having a poor understanding of their culture or language. Although non-native speakers (NNS) of English can deliver rather efficient results as teachers, the...
Introduction In the given paper, the issues concerning the way students and teachers in Saudi Arabia access, use and treat the CALL standard in EFL instructions concerning the preparatory year program at the University of Tabuk are going to be considered and the existing approaches are going to be evaluated....
People of different cultures do not see the world around them in the same way. Those differences are often manifested in the languages they speak. Some linguists believe that language shapes the way we think, while others argue that language does not control the human ability to think and understand...
Introduction Society and civilization exist solely due to human communication which is simultaneously the cause, product, and foundation of the civilized human world known today. Without the ability to exchange information – ideas, thoughts, and emotions – no progress of delineation from the basic biological system of animal species would...
There is an opinion that the biggest challenge that international students experience in UK universities is low English proficiency. I entirely agree with this argument because a lack of mastery in the English language prevents foreign students from gaining as much benefit from their studies as possible. Although some people...
Lesson #1 Functional/ structural To be able to use the present simple of the verb to be when introducing people. To develop the use of the verb to bein the present tense. Skills objectives To develop speaking skills to introduce oneself and introduce others. To develop writing skills: writing a...
English Language Learners must pass a speaking and writing portion of language proficiency assessment for scoring out and being fully immersed in mainstream classes without support. There exist a number of students with different cultural backgrounds who are unable to speak or write English fluently or too shy to speak...
Introduction The most important reason for learning a new language is to convey information in a certain language. Acquisition of language skills does not entail the use of extensively conscious grammatical regulations or hard drilling as many would think. It instead requires one to be patient since the process is...
Introduction Steve Jobs, one of the founders and shareholders of Apple, is famous for introducing unique strategies that tend to evoke general interest to his model of business. One of the major constituents dragging mass attention to Jobs’ success formula is his speech. The three rhetorical components of the man’s...
A lexicon is a group of words within the same language. Also known as thesaurus, a lexicon arranges the mental vocabulary of a language according to certain values. The lexicon of a language is the groupings of words, expressions, and vocabularies. A person’s mental lexicon, or lexical understanding, or idea...
A non-literary text of the “Singapore” flyer is a type of analysis advertisement. This text aims at informing the reader about the chosen Central Singapore District and the importance to recognize its activities in society, underling the concepts of inequality and social support. At first glance, the author of this...
Introduction It is important to review the current literature in order to broaden the overall understanding of the lexical decision-making process. A study suggests that the given concept is mainly comprised of two regimes, which are high levels of competition for low frequency words and revisions for pseudowords (Barca &...
A good translation is essential to communicate an original idea using another language. A translator achieves good translation if they realize the urgency and self-evidence of the original text. In this regard, a good translation is possible when the translated text echoes and focuses on the original message and similarly...
The present paper aims at explaining the distribution of word pairs in the English language based on different types of similarities they may have. Every word in every language has three different aspects that do not depend on each other. These three aspects are pronunciation or phonetics, spelling or graphical...
Today successfully managing a company is as challenging as ever during a COVID-19 outbreak with no clear perspective. It becomes increasingly hard to be sustainable and overcome the barriers of flexible working. According to vital-learning.com, bad management costs organizations an average of $33 per day resulting in high employer turnover,...
Food Words Food words in any language have completely different origins, as some of them are were borrowed and became an integral part of its vocabulary when the need for them occurred. Moreover, the meaning of any word drifts with time, just like its pronunciation. Nevertheless, people have a chance...
Maintaining one’s language is an essential part of developing as a person. A child or an adult in a foreign country may acquire spoken language skills without much effort, but writing and reading are deliberate processes that require full attention and certain techniques. Literacy is honed depending on the setting...
The power of language is a unique ability peculiar to human beings. Although some animals can communicate in non-verbal ways, making different sounds can hardly be called a speech. The language became the primary tool for communication between people, with which thoughts were transmitted from one person to another, from...
Hello, my name is [], and I am [current education/qualification]. I hope to use the grant offered by National Vision and the National Optometric Association to further research, education, and awareness about diabetic retinopathy. In particular, the problem of undiagnosed or untreated diabetes in the African American community is at...
Introduction Teachers’ responsibilities involve making multiple decisions while attempting to promote student learning. The choices belong to three broader categories: implementing, planning, and assessing (Hidayati, 2018). In the adult coaching mechanisms, significant learning experiences involve reassessing, critical self-reflection, and an individual’s self-orientation to action. When the above issues are given...
Introduction One can hardly imagine the modern world without any language. It would have been impossible to achieve the current level of development in the spheres of economics, culture, and others if people had not had an opportunity to express their thoughts verbally. It is challenging to overestimate the role...
Rhetorical appeals are persuasion methods that are often used by speakers to convince their audience. A person can use any appeals depending on the context or people he or she is addressing. In his court ruling, Judge Pauley used logical appeal to guide his final verdict in the case of...
Research Participants The participants of this research were primarily drawn from the linguistic class of 2011. This constituted a sample of 74 students. The students answered the survey questions covering questions about age, gender, different kinds of marks and total grade. The sample size therefore consisted of 74 respondents based...
Introduction Different scholars and researchers in the field of linguistics have presented diverse views regarding the evolution and nature of language. Derek Bickerton is one of such theorists whose works have managed to shed more light on the matter. He wrote extensively in language evolution in an attempt to understand...
One should be aware that writing with the purpose of entertainment instead of informing has several advantages and disadvantages. The major benefit of such an approach is the presence of an opportunity to introduce humor and comedy. By having an additional objective of making people laugh, an author receives more...
The lead architect communicates to the Pharaoh: In life, prosperity and health! This is a missive to inform you my good lord of his goodly plans for his pyramid. The height of the pyramid, according to the plan, is 480 feet. We expect to finish the construction in 23 years...
The article under consideration, “Mother Tongue” by Amy Tan, sets the context for exploring the variations of the English language and its correctness from the point of view of the literary version. The author thereby claims that the English of Chinese immigrants is no worse than its any other form...
All the stories David Phillips told in the video evoked different kinds of emotions: from joy and interest to sadness and sympathy. The reason is that while listening to stories, the brain is filled with neurotransmitters and hormones such as dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and others, the so-called “angel’s cocktail” (TEDx...
Writing an essay can be challenging when an individual meets a writing block. However, there are several writing techniques such as freewriting, responding to the text, brainstorming, or journaling that help to deal with this problem. This paper aims to utilize freewriting and responding to the text techniques to create...
In his article on the bilingual acquisition, Genesee (2006) focused on the main concerns expressed by parents and educators regarding the ways preschool children gain proficiency in two languages simultaneously. The author suggested that all children can learn two languages in their early childhood if they are consistently exposed to...
On Language was weekly New York Times Magazine’s regular column that discussed some language-related topics such as new or unusual usages and popular etymology; the very first column was published on February 18, 1979. William Safire, a famous American journalist and columnist, was one of the most well-known and frequent...
The ability to speak and write in a foreign language is considered to be one of the essential skills nowadays. Modern life and globalization dictate its own conditions, one of which is the requirement to know English at least at an elementary level. Even though for some people it can...
Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced tests are the types of assessments of students’ knowledge. However, they are not equally applicable to everyone, and specific factors should, therefore, be considered. For example, in the case of bilingual students, they provide for varying results due to the difference in their cultural and linguistic background...
Semantic Development One way to promote semantic development is to ensure that learners’ surroundings reflect the language they learn – creating banners, for instance, is a way to facilitate the process of memorizing lexical units. The structural approach, that is, teaching children primarily roots and affixes and their combination, maybe...
Original Paragraph(s) and Description The use of personification in the poem is worth mentioning as it plays an important role in communicating the author’s ideas. The purpose of this literary device is to enhance the meaning of work and add vividness. In his poem, Olzmann gives human characteristics to a...
Indeed, man is the most intelligent creature on earth. Even if it is the only animal endowed with the gift of speech, other animals like the chimpanzee, baboons, monkeys, gorillas, orangutans and bonobos also poses language and the ability to communicate. Language, in this context, refers to an organized open...
Introduction Since ancient times, the Chinese people have had a special attitude to the written language as a normative and correct one. On the opposite, spoken language has always been much more prone to deviations and the appearance of non-normative elements. However, the development of the Internet has led to...
Introduction The topic I would like to focus on in this research paper is the development and spread of new internet slang caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The fact that no previous healthcare crisis has induced such a widespread and intensive reaction makes this subject relevant and important to study....
DateDespite the decades of meticulous research, the notion of linguistic studies still has a variety of aspects that require further examination. One of these aspects concerns the emergence of a language as a verbal system of communication. Among the series of theories, researchers find it hard to identify the most...
Modern healthcare information systems require secure, interoperable networks for communication between healthcare providers. Interoperability is the ability of systems to share information and process the data obtained through exchange (Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, 2013). Additionally, interoperability ensures cooperation between consumers, providers, and corporations, regardless of...
I: Since the beginning of this term, I have known that things would be different for students taking the American literature course in their final year. My sentiments are not meant to nullify the importance of other courses offered in the school, but to highlight the significance of this course...
Introduction The evolution of human language often results in formation of more complex words associated with corresponding images and objects. The theory of natural selection postulates that humans, unlike other primates, developed language as a natural requirement for his survival. Since homo-sapiens had the natural capacity to speak, inherent traits...
The purpose of the following paper is to critique special occasion speeches using the provided speech evaluation form. The evaluated speeches are presented in the form of video. Each of these two speeches will be evaluated separately. The first speech was made by Matthew McConaughey at the eighty-sixth Oscar Academy...
In the modern world the meaning of the term “state line” becomes more and more eroded. The rapid growth of different means of transport brought any place on the globe within the reach. Men took themselves of their homes and the migration of peoples started. The reasons are absolutely different,...
Introduction Contemporary approaches to language education strongly rely on the theory of universal grammar that was put forward by Noam Chomsky and other representatives of generative semantics (Chomsky, 2006). This scholar argues that there are certain grammatical or syntactical properties that are inherent to every human language and a person...
Introduction First language is usually learnt during child development and is normally related to the environment in which a child is raised. This is quite different from the way a second language is learnt, within four years of a child’s development, it is highly expected that the language will have...
Introduction Under the processes of globalization and integration, the development of new techniques and methods of language acquisition becomes even more important. The ongoing cultural exchange and intensified business contacts stimulate the determination of the most effective and fastest methods for language acquisition. The term paper is devoted to the...
Demography The United States Demographically, the United States of America is one of the most multinational countries of the world. The number of foreign-born citizens of the US has been rapidly growing over the last several decades. This number used to be 14.1 million people in 1980, by 1990 it...
Introduction There are nouns in English that we classify as mass nouns. These nouns are uncountable and do not have plural forms. Occasionally, we refer to them as non-count or uncountable nouns. Mass nouns show whether a noun has a singular or plural form. The mass noun is useful when...
Standard and Non-Standard Dialects To find out how people make use of both standard and non-standard dialects, I made a decision to observe the conversation between a teacher of English and a student. The teacher uses a standard dialect that is supported by institutions and characterized by proper grammar and...
The term, “The Theatre of the Absurd” originates from Martin Esslin. The meaning of the term can be traced back in 1920 and 1930s to explain the events that were taking place to ascertain the impermanency of man and all his valuables. Esslin who is a theater critic got the...
The child under this report is a grade D pupil named John* with profound difficulty in fluency in reading. Having been in this school for the last two terms of study, I realized John had general difficulty in fluency with particular reference to Meaning, Structure, and Visual information of words....
The relationship between abstract notions thought, and language as a means of expressing thoughts and notions are complex. Language and culture “can be seen as a way to describe and represent human experience and understanding of the world and members of a language community share systems of beliefs and assumptions...
Introduction Language processing and word formation constitute the major dilemma for psycholinguistic and neuro-linguistic research. The word building deserves a special consideration in terms of different models of word organization. Hence, it is necessary to take into account morphological, lexicological, and psychological aspects. Processing mechanisms reveal the internal mechanism occurred...
For many people, learning a second language is a very difficult phenomenon. This problem does not only affect learners but it also affects teachers who deal with teaching them. For one to effectively learn a second language, it calls for the teacher responsible of teaching him or her to come...
In his essay ‘Politics and the English language’, George Orwell had identified the following llingostylistic flaws, which according to author; significantly reduce the logical cohesiveness of the English language when being found in written text: According to Orwell, there are six simple rules, the observation of which should help authors...
Throughout the course of the second half of the twentieth century, the discussion of how one’s identity is being formed and also how possession of such an identity affects the existential mode of a concerned individual, had become strongly associated with the methodological framework of linguistic anthropology’s discourse. This can...
Introduction This paper is a review of a journal by Lynne Young entitled Systemic Functional Linguistics. The need to develop language structurally to a well-understood form in recent society is vital for better interaction between individuals. The review of the SFL is considered under the following approach: Articulation of ideas...
In any language, the words that express the deed(s) of someone or something are called verbs. Verbs inform about actions being taken, things or beings held and the position taken by a subject. There are different classes of verbs; among them formal and informal verbs. The sense of formality and...
One important role of a country’s education system is to ensure that its students can compete favorably in the international job market. To achieve this, the education system must emphasize the topics of relevance like technology, management, ethics and above all languages which act as the tool of communication that...
Why TOEFL scores should be lowered across university? The aim of this research paper is to advocate for the lowering of TOEFL/IELTS and any other standardized English proficiency test scores in university. In doing so, the author will argue on behalf of the interests of the international student to determine...
Introduction Whenever teachers take charge of children whose acquisition of speech and reading ability is painfully slow, the tendency is to look for physiological problems that affect intellectual, emotional, neurological, and sensory development. These problems include dyslexia, aphasia, autism, and Down syndrome, among other disorders and syndromes. In recent years,...
Introduction Area studies, as interdisciplinary fields of research, have assumed greater importance in the light of the growing need to understand the cultural differences that exist between nations. Area studies programs usually include subjects that are associated with humanistic disciplines. Foreign philology constitutes an important part of area studies. This...
For a long time, it was noticed, that the wisdom and the spirit of a nation can be shown through its proverbs and sayings, where the knowledge of proverbs of a particular nation promotes not only a better knowledge of the language but also a better perception of people’s nature...
Introduction The essay under consideration is “The Seven Deadly Sins Are “In” and Proud of It” by Howard Richler, a language journalist. This work can be referred to an academic analysis, though it does not belong to a pure formal style. The purpose of the author is not to simply...
Introduction Modern political communications in democratic countries are substantially built on general principles. Such principles are not limited exclusively by the requirements of tolerance but also are dictated by the considerations of political correctness. Nevertheless, when looking at the latter terms, i.e. political correctness, it can be seen that the...
The piece of reading we have been assigned to during week three became a highly useful part of our studies as educators as it gave a quite different insight into English phonetics on the whole and into certain parts of studying as well as teaching it. The most value of...
Introduction Language never exists separately from the society this is why it can be considered only in terms of culture it belongs to. Each language can be characterized not only by words typical for it, but by certain set of gestures used as means of emphasis in verbal communication. When...
Outline Language and culture interrelationship has been the center of focus for quite many years in a variety of disciplinary perspectives (Firth & Wagner, 1997). It has brought scholars from several fields of discipline such as linguistics, sociology, anthropology and psychologists together to try and understand the complex interrelationship. The...
Introduction “Of all forms of culture, it seems that language is that one which develops its fundamental patterns with relatively the most complete detachment from other types of cultural patterning.” (Sapir, 1929:211) A curious characteristic of language is its “hidden” meaning of the message. Hidden meaning that makes it possible...
Critical analysis of the literature Culture and SLA The relationship between language and culture can not be clearly defined, though different disciplines have tried to define their similarity and difference. For instance, a second language (L2) acquisition should be structured to incorporate a cultural environment for it to be effective....
The paper, Sociolinguistics – Concepts in Action, is devoted to the problem of language communities and their positioning in the life of a social group. The paper is well-structured and well—organized. It creaky defined the purpose and aim of the research and reflects a deep and detailed analysis of the...
The first issue I am going to analyze is the essence of Linguistics. It is the science that deals with a language, the forms of language, variations, and changes. The language is divided into different categories, each of these spheres is responsible for some certain area of the language studies....
Bilingualism means the individual’s ability to read, write, speak and hear two languages. Monolingualism is the opposite of bilingualism and it means someone’s knowledge of one language only. Today, Spanish is the second most common language in the United States after English. It is very common because there are a...
Imagine a world of verbs and nothing else. Imagine a language whereby each and every word denoted an action, an occurrence or a state of being. To bring this scenario closer home, suppose all the nouns and other passive elements in our English language were non-existent. Such a scenario stretches...
Communicative characteristics of Male/female A constructionist point of view takes gender as a radical challenge to the question of whether women and men use language in different ways. A common assumption that upholds many questions of ‘gender difference’ in speech is simply intricated in everyday speech. Thinking realistically, if one...
Women they say, are the stronger sex. Mainly because even though men are physically the stronger sex, women have been gifted with the uncanny ability to be able to perform multiple tasks that include the duties of men as family providers, whenever the situation calls for it. The gender roles...
Purpose, Test, and Use of the IELTS The International English Language Testing System more popularly known as IELTS is designed primarily to assess the ability of candidates who aspire to pursue their academics or job prospects in countries where English is the principal language of communication (IELTS Handbook, 2007). IELTS...
Introduction Semiotics, the study of processes of signs, as well as the use of symbols in communication at both a personal and a grouped setting is often viewed at as the basic element of the construction and understanding of meaning. Furthermore, signs have been known to mediate meaning, thus confirming...
Introduction First language or mother tongue is the primary language which children acquire due to the social impact of their environment and their surroundings. Thus, language acquisition is more or less a natural process which occurs in various stages and can be successfully achieved by way of practice. In the...
Syntax explains how sentences and texts should be formed. There are two categories of syntax that are similar to some extent but display a distinction between themselves as well. They are constituent structure and argument structure of the language. Thus, the constituent structure of the language is the set of...
Linguistic competence is the ability of a person to speak and understand the language in a manner which is correct grammatically and lexically. The linguistic competence of a person consists of his or her ability to speak a certain language so that others should understand him or her, and at...
Introduction Human language is very unique in itself because it is not acquired biologically like other human traits but it is learned. Human beings use language to communicate by the use of symbols and signs that are conventional (Raymond, 1997). Communication systems especially language is very flexible, that is it...
Introduction If we would like to discuss the role of phonological representations in speech, then we need to focus on such phenomenon as the phonological neutralization. This phenomenon actually eliminates a phonemic distinction, especially in a particular context of the phonology. Such an example as a contrast of the word-final...
Over the years man has developed various forms of writing to convey information or messages. The forms include pictographic, ideographic, logographic, phonographic and alphabetic. Pictographic form of writing is where drawings or symbols are used for illustration. Drawings are used to express or transmit ideas. This form of writing has...
Introduction Numerous studies of the 20th century in the field of linguistic politeness play an important role in modern pragmatic works that touch on this topic and raise issues of verbal communication. As a basis for many ideas and hypotheses, Brown and Levinson’s theory is used as a valid background....
Introduction The differences between various English accents are a well-researched topic, particularly when it comes to the North American and British variations. The difference in how various groups pronounce words may be the most important point of discussion on the topic. It is the most overt difference between various modes...
Martha’s Vineyard is commonly known for its integration of deaf members into everyday community life. There have been various literary works on how this involvement helped the whole community thrive. Two such works are by Nora Ellen Groce and Barry Crouch. There are many similarities and differences between Groce’s and...
Introduction By introducing students to the Arabic language and improving their skills in different types of speech activity, one should take into account that active perception should be promoted. In the context of working with younger pupils, building an educational program based on emotional contact can help establish contact and...
Introduction While teaching and learning language are sometimes perceived as merely providing and obtaining a particular set of prescriptive forms, language is a structural and multifaceted system that integrates knowledge about cultural and social phenomena. This paper aims to examine my personal development as a language learner based on the...
Introduction The modern globalized economy is characterized by high levels of worker mobility. Individuals are traveling far from home to improve their living conditions and find better jobs. English is considered to be the most popular and widespread language in the world due to its historical popularity and relative simplicity...
Introduction During the last several decades, much attention has been paid to the differences between men and women. The discussion of gender differences touches upon various fields of life, and language is not an exception. McCormick said about the differences between how men and women listen and how their brains...
Introduction Research Background Since time in sundry, the art of movement and gesture were the main tools of communication among human beings (Assalahi, 2013). Basically, as a visual language, art has expressive and receptive components through which different ideas may be communicated void of any audible speech (Amin, Benachaiba, &...
The text is a lyric from the song by Beyoncé Knowles called “If I Were a Boy”. It has been chosen since it vividly illustrates the grammar rule to be explained. In addition, the song is popular, and it is quite likely that almost all students know it and remember...
Introduction Expressing negation through conversational exchanges can serve many functions (Gönen, 2011, p. 253). At this point, the exchange of information between speakers can be improved through the presence of Contrastive Discourse Markers (CDMs) (Khatib & Safari, 2011, p. 243). An actual engagement of Saudi college English learners in a...
Introduction Teaching English as a foreign language remains one of the most rewarding careers in the education sector. Tutors must identify the emerging needs of every learner in order to deliver appropriate instructions. It is also agreeable that the teaching process can be demanding since there are certain problems that...
Summary The authors of both articles conducted a descriptive research study by adopting a longitudinal data collection method among the participants for 10-12 months. However, the instruments of data collection differed. The review of the Iranian study (Papi & Abdollahzadeh, 2012) shows that the authors collected data using the observation...
The point of financial literacy learning is in letting people engage in available social opportunities and relations that lead to sustained wellbeing and improved financial performance during their lifetime. Abstract Low literacy is a serious problem in Canada. What accounts for literacy and how to teach financial literacy are the...
The Multi-Genre Analysis of Barrister’s Opinion The article of Hafner (2010) is dedicated to a narrow and specific issue in applied linguistics – the investigation of the genre of barrister’s opinion. The author claims that the present genre is seriously under-researched, but it still represents a very interesting and informative...
English as a Global Language English is gaining recognition as a global language and it is being studied more whether this language should be a global language (Nadkarni, n.d.). For more than half of the century, people who migrated from different parts of the Indian subcontinent have added lots of...
Discuss William Littlewoods’s point of view on choosing what to teach William Littlewood (1981) argues that language education should reflect the communicative needs of students. The problem is that in many cases, children are supposed to learn mostly about various structural elements of the language. For instance, one can speak...
Diversity of language and culture Back in elementary school, a Korean boy had some speech problems. His problem in the speech was notable when speaking letters r, l, and sh. The problem was as well notable in words that contain these letters. His reading skills were poor, coupled with unusually...
Brown, R. (1973). A first language. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd. The present work is dedicated to the peculiarities of sentence construction and sentence understanding since the author believes these issues are of central importance to understanding English grammar and successfully mastering it. He outlines several essential aspects of...
Despite the popular idea that, due to technological advances, which children are fascinated by, it is very hard to get a child excited with reading, the latter can, in fact, be turned into a child’s hobby rather easily. According to what Dr. Peter Afferbach states, watching children learn to read,...
Introduction In this paper what will be examined are the differences in speech between bilinguals and monolinguals through the use of the following YouTube videos: Speaking English in the Philippines Speaking English in the U.S. The videos show two distinct population sets, one being Filipino and the other American. The...
Introduction The present paper refers to the practical and theoretical implications of curriculum design and change; the proper regard is given to the historically formed traditions in language teaching, the most valuable innovations of the 20th century in both traditional MLT and more modern ELT. The ideas of Connelly (1988)...
Introduction Researchers have concentrated on incidental vocabulary learning, especially when examining the efficacy of glosses. From the backdrop of most empirical research studies, Rott and Williams (2003) have established that incidental vocabulary learning can be swiftly enhanced when glosses are made available. This conclusive finding works best when both non-gloss...
Phonetic Knowledge From the transcriptions, Richard showed that he did not have major problems with producing any sound. Most of the pronunciation errors Richard made were mainly due to excitement. He seemed so carried away with excitement that he mispronounced some words. For instance, he repeatedly left the letter “d”...
Introduction English has become a global language. It is the adopted language of many non-English speaking countries. Literary works are being produced in hundreds from places where English is still a second-language for the masses. However, the cultural influences on the language are undeniable. This influence has led to the...
Chapter four summary This chapter concentrates on the role played by a reported speech in oral literature. The author begins by asserting the importance of excellent structural elements in reported speech. Direct speech is restrictive in the way of reporting while the reported speech gives the speaker some flexibility to...
Present the research topic and aims of the research The research topic of the study conducted by Barbara Johnstone, Kathleen Ferrara, and Judith Mattson Bean is gender, politeness, and discourse management in same-sex and cross-sex opinion-poll interviews. The objective of the research was to understand the means of the utilization...
History of Bilingualism in the US Despite the fact that a lot of Americans see bilingualism as a modern trend reflecting the present-day diversity of the nation, the historical perspective of the issue reveals that it has always been present in the country. The earliest settlers were not exclusively English...
Findings in previous studies about the ways that literature can improve the language skills of ESL students Literature has been used over the years as one of the ways of teaching English as a second language. The literature has been incorporated in modern-day technology, such as videos and audios that...
One can easily think of a few words that are likely to be found in a child’s first lexicon. Such words as “mama,” “dada,” “hi,” “bye,” and “no” are widespread early utterances. The important issue is why those words may become someone’s first. Analyzing early utterances can help gain insight...
Content analysis is a term used to refer to the act of altering the symbolic composition of a document from qualitative form to quantitative form. Content analysis may also be described as an example of coding. Coding means compiling similar elements or behaviors into a reduced number of categories. It...
Introduction The English language has increasingly become important throughout the world today particularly in the Arab world. This is why educators and parents in Saudi Arabia have become concerned about their children’s limited level in English especially in oral communication. English is a major problem in Saudi especially among the...
Brain and Language Production Parts of brain There are four parts of the brain, which are the Broca’s area, the Wernicke’s area, the areas known as “the motor cortex and the accurate fasciculus” (Yule, 2010, p. 139). Localization view The ability of the human brain to correlate different aspects of...
Introduction Expressing negation through conversational exchanges can serve many functions (Gönen, 2011). An actual engagement of EFL Saudi interlocutors in a conversational exchange to negate can clearly reflect their inadequate knowledge of the pragmatic functions of CDMs in spoken discourse (Lewis, 2011). The way they frequently negate, by means of...
Abstract The purpose of the proposed study is the analysis of the difficulties experienced by preschool children when studying letters. The research problem is the identification of a viable approach to promoting young learners’ understanding of the letter-sound correlation. Given this problem, the intervention has been selected that is aimed...
Topic Teaching literature in a language course to ESL students has been a topic of a lasting debate. Some researchers argue that, even though there can be certain hazards in the use of literature, it helps students to expand their linguistic knowledge and be exposed to cultural peculiarities of people...
The English language is the most studied languages around the world. Most of the non-native speakers living outside Europe or America have a very good command of written English, but their spoken English is sometimes pathetic. On the other hand, non-native speakers living in Europe and America can speak English...
Introduction The book analyses how various scholars and philosophers provided vital input to the foundations of language during the Hellenistic age. The main consideration in the book is to engage the philosophy of language, linguistics, and other aspects such as the nature and origin of languages as a medium of...
Introduction Understanding the differences between genres and their purposes is critical in writing, as it helps distinguish between the writing styles and figurative language (Wardle & Downs 5). Mass media reporting and scientific researches tend to use various means of expression to deliver the message to the audience. To support...
Introduction The short story under analysis is entitled “Crimson Abbey.” This horror story dwells upon a patient at a mental hospice of the future. It is necessary to note that the story addresses an issue of insanity, which is quite popular in modern society. At present, literate people tend to...
Language is one of the major forms of cognition that distinguishes humans from other species on the planet. Representatives of many other species tend to rely on sounds produced by voice as means of communication, some species even use partially learned systems of vocalisations; however, humans are the only species...
Preschool and early school years are crucial for children to develop their language and literacy skills and increase the linguistic repertoire to use it during conversation, narration, reading, and writing (Owens, 2015). For this reason, children can acquire tremendous benefits from home or classroom activities targeted at enhancing their literacy...
Teaching strategies The article provides useful and valuable insights into the teaching strategies that educators can use when instructing ELLs (English language learners). One of the most effective instructional practices is an explicit instruction that demonstrates how a task is going to be done and what the teacher and their...
Introduction Diglossia is defined by Fergusson (1959) as a specialized form of study where a specific ancient language is analyzed in the context of comprehending its dynamics for writing and oral works. However, he identifies that the summed up knowledge is not essentially used in day-to-day conversations. This is affirmed...
Vocabulary Instruction Vocabulary is crucial for successful text comprehension. Although not many students understand that at first, it is mainly the teacher’s duty to show students how important vocabulary is and why it should be memorized and used. Sedita (2005) points out that there are several categories of students who...
Introduction The growing number of English language learners (ELLs) is a problem with which the education system of the United States is faced. Numerous English second language (ESL) schools offer their services to immigrants and their families. However, early literacy and academic performance of ELLs are still at a low...
Introduction: The Research Background: The Power of Negation The history of English discourse development is rather complicated. Like any other issue that presupposes not only the tangible evidence like texts or any other form of keeping the track of the necessary data but also such ephemeral elements like oral speech,...
Statement of Research Problem In the current globalized society, many people are finding it increasingly important to learn foreign languages because of socio-economic and political reasons. According to Huang (2011), the ease with which people learn foreign languages depends on many factors. Some people find it easy to learn a...
Of all people, a writer is, perhaps, the person that is expected to treat their language with most care and respect. However, the idea of using a language appropriately is rather loose, mostly because the very concept of correct use of the language is quite vague (Crossley et al. 100)....
Discourse markers Discourse markers are elements that are applied in communication to enable conversations to become more articulate. However, the particles augment insignificant meanings in rephrasing the expressions (Povolná, 2012). For instance, elements including oh, well, now as well as you know are some of the syntactically autonomous words. In...
Introduction At present, one of the detriments of teaching vocabulary in the English Learning Institutions (ELI) is the emergence of mixed-ability classes. As noted by Ansari (2013), a mixed-ability classroom environment is made up of different groups of learners with different learning interests, skills, and abilities. Over the years, EFL...
Semantic analysis Semantic in linguistics is largely concerned with the relationship between the forms of sentences and what follows from them. Semantic analysis is an analysis of the sensible set of instructions that form part of programming in a language, for instance, the presence of subject-verb agreement, proper use of...
Introduction English as a second language has proven quite difficult for many students. This has been attributed to the direct influence of their first languages. It is important to point out that it is not only cultural differences that make the students find second languages difficult, but also complex linguistic...
