1104 samples of this type
Background Human health and disease control are some of the oldest yet complicated fields in the history of humankind. Over the years, scholars have published papers and literature in microbial studies concerning the relationship between different microbial communities and their influence on diseases and infections. The microbial communities exist inside...
New ideas, a sense of impact, and unanswered questions are the things that keep all scientists awake at night (Discovery: The spark for science, n.d.). Every discovery comes with a lot of tedious work and effort. Everybody can remember when, as children, they did various experiments. For example, my earliest...
The title of the paper is “Social Equity as a Public Administration Issue”; thus, the two articles that have been identified both touch upon the topic of equality and administration. The first article is titled “Social Equity and Evidence: Insights from Local Government.”, and it was written by S. T....
The first article on the geology of the Grand Canyon, where a series of events led to the emergence of the canyon. It began with the formation of the inner gorge’s metamorphic and igneous rocks two billion years ago, which were uplifted between 70 and 30 million years ago due...
As a result of the study, it was revealed that performing household duties increases the child’s ability to follow instructions (Loderup et al., 2021). I can make this result positive by saying that the ability to follow instructions is disciplining and useful in adult life. In this way, the child...
Kuhn considers science to be a social institution in which social groups and organizations operate. The main unifying principle of the society of scientists is a unified style of thinking, recognition by this society of specific fundamental theories and methods (Sismondo 12). Kuhn calls these provisions uniting the community of...
Phase three of the lab project survey involved collecting and analyzing data from eighteen randomly chosen neighborhood members. The data collected was on happiness and the scale provided was between one “low or no happiness” and seven “high levels of happiness.” The survey was administered using a guided questionnaire where...
The Four Dimensions of Statistical Reasoning The four dimensions are an interrogative cycle, types of thinking, investigative cycle, as well as dispositions. They contain specific and generic statistical thinking habits that operate simultaneously within the thinker. Five thinking types that are marked fundamental are consideration of variation, transnumeration, need for...
Contact lenses have been around for a long time, since 1948, and are extremely popular as a means to temporarily or permanently replace glasses for over 125 million users worldwide. Contact lenses are primarily ocular prosthetic devices for vision correction but are also used for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons to...
The article “Differences in the concentration of ergosterol isolated from strains of Monilinia fructicola resistant to demethylation inhibitor and susceptible strains: understanding the “Mona” element” presents an overview of the scientific experiment. The experiment’s basis is the infestation of peaches and nectarines by the fungus Monilinia fructicola (Hulse, 2021). This...
Many mathematicians influenced the fields of statistics and probability; nonetheless, the brightest example is Leonhard Euler. Notably, Leonhard Euler was a Swiss mathematician who contributed remarkably to statistics and probability. Essentially, Euler was born in Switzerland; nevertheless, he worked mainly in Berlin, Germany, and Saint Petersburg, Russia. Thanks to Leonhard...
There are so many hidden patterns in our world that may not be obvious at first glance but have the potential to have a noticeable impact on society. Among these, of great research interest is the idea of a link between an individual’s smoking and his or her income level....
Heidegger’s technological concerns are not limited to his writings but are clearly devoted to them. Therefore, complete acceptance of his technological ideas needs some consideration on how they are incorporated into his project of philosophy and phenomenological approach. According to Heidegger, phenomenology is a mechanism that attempts to allow entities...
The probability or chance of an event occurring is the probability or chance of it happening. In the most straightforward cases, to calculate the likelihood of event A occurring, divide the total number of events by the number of possible outcomes; after obtaining the probability of event A and its...
The study used a two-group design that involved two samples of 40 participants who had ended treatment for smoking dependence. There were two treatment options; the standard treatment or the standard treatment with mindfulness therapy. The individuals were randomly allocated to the standard treatment option (M= 13.25, SD= 3.51), and...
The most manageable steps of reading a long article are to overview what the authors communicate in the papers. The reader may not get the significant meanings of what the writer speaks about in the report but develops a clue of what he is to expect. The first step is...
Introduction Human thinking is complex and contradictory; constant delusions, illusions, in which consciousness is immersed, can accompany people throughout his life, wherever they work, whatever they do, and wherever they live. The discipline of thinking and its upbringing is a necessary component of the development of children and adolescents, who...
Validity and reliability are among the primary concepts used by researchers to assess the quality of research. More specifically, reliability is concerned about the general consistency, while validity emphasizes the accuracy of a given measure (Cohen et al., 2017). An applied research’s validity is regarded as the extent to which...
Action Research is a methodology that simultaneously involves the researcher and the participants in a cyclical process. Thanks to the theoretical knowledge of the former and the practical experience of the participants, a system with an established working mechanism are realized. There are traditionally three stages in this system: planning,...
Introduction Statistics that keep track of mortality, fertility, and many other life indicators in a region or country include many more hands than it might seem at first glance. A considerable number of different relationships, including mainly the causes of death and the proportional mortality rate, show the ratio of...
Introduction A current events summary is a concise assessment of an event that has occurred recently or will arise in the near future. The article is possible to be analyzed utilizing the methodology of descriptive (positive) dissection. The work is considered to be completed using at least one of the...
Analysis of qualitative studies implies considerations of not only the methodology but also the meaning behind the scholarly exploration carried out by researchers. The goals of the study by Giannitrapani et al. (2018) is to develop an understanding of the critical roles that pharmacists take in the primary care of...
There has been a surge in interest in assessing human development and the elements that influence it. This area has attracted the interest of many academics and practitioners. Some academics had previously claimed that if human development is stagnant, it is a sign of impending doom, and it is impossible...
Introduction The properties of a project will always change depending on the level of criticality and the participants involved. In this regard, small teams can handle projects without the need for reporting and paperwork as there will be less communication (Vijayasarathy & Butler, 2015). However, bigger teams require frequent cooperation...
Introduction The use of scatter plot is one of the strategies that studies employ to visualize and present information to readers. Data visualization has numerous advantages, including enhancing the understanding of a phenomenon, highlighting trends and patterns, and summarizing complex information (Li, 2018). Scatterplot aids in data visualization by depicting...
The measurements of intelligence are a controversial topic, and it is stated sometimes that intelligence cannot be measured at all. However, in my opinion, intelligence can be measured and even should be. The tools such as intelligence quotient, based on the standardized test, are well known, but it is commonly...
The central limit theorem establishes that when independent random variables are summed in many situations, their sum tends to a normal distribution, even if the original variables are not normally distributed. The theorem is a critical concept in probability theory because it implies that probabilistic and statistical methods that work...
Description: Stunning drone images near Lendalfoot in South Ayrshire captured a glimpse of a mammoth whirlpool off the Scottish west coast. According to the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA), the phenomenon is linked to recent rainwater that came into contact with wastewater, forming leachate (as cited in Parsons, 2021). The...
Summary “Hypothesis testing a conceptual introduction” is chapter 9 of the book called “Statistics for Criminology and Criminal Justice” written by Jacinta Gau. It examines the foundation and purpose of hypothesis testing, provides steps, which should be followed to conduct statistical research. Moreover, this chapter describes expected and observed outcomes,...
The article explains the nature of faulting aspects. The author states that any feature may be transformed into a mountain or a ridge. During the transformation process, the horizontal shear changes into an expanding tensional motion across the ridge or rift with a change in seismicity at the point of...
Depending on the type of assessment one needs to conduct, there are different characteristics and variables to base the evidence evaluation upon. For the purposes of this discussion, the relevance-based assessment and the representativeness-based assessment were chosen. Since these characteristics are essential to any scientifically valuable research, both types are...
Introduction Statistical research is one of the most popular modes of examining patterns and variable associations. It entails collecting a large amount of numerical data and analyzing it to make meaningful conclusions. Its three most important phases are data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Often, data analysis can only occur when...
Astronomy has had an important influence on many aspects of past civilizations. Culture, agricultural farming, education, film, and communication industry as well as medicine have used astronomy widely. The knowledge of time as well as differentiating different seasons has depended on astronomy to a great degree, especially in many developing...
Introduction The paper aims to compare four ways of data collection, such as survey research, which involves a process of asking questions and analyzing responses, field research, which focuses on making observations, and secondary analysis of existing data, and triangulation, which refers to the combination of the methods. The author...
The two hypotheses of the article include: H1 – Grabbing water bodies have a negative socio-economic impact on indigenous residents with different livelihoods, H0 – Grabbing water bodies do not have a negative socio-economic impact on indigenous residents with different livelihoods. The hypothesis is correct since the research is focused...
The empirical rule is one of the basic statistical terms associated with the normal distribution. Also called the three-sigma rule, this law states that for a normal distribution, virtually all observable data will be within three standard deviations (Hayes, 2021). There is a ratio of 68-95-99.7, according to which 68...
Introduction The concept of future and present value lies at the center of finance. Businesses strive to perform something worth resulting in a future payout. Therefore, it is recommendable to calculate their future outflow or inflow value using the present value. This calculation heavily relies on the time value of...
I enjoyed Critical Thinking and Number Sense since they sharpened my basic counting and number skills to solve problems. Critical Thinking and Number Sense was the most interesting topic since it is applicable in decision-making, analysis, reasoning, and communicating mathematical knowledge. After the lesson, I felt empowered in using my...
Both qualitative and quantitative research represent sets of strategies, techniques, and processes that are used to collect data or evidence for further analysis with the aim of uncovering new information or facilitate a better understanding of a topic at hand. Understanding the differences between quantitative and qualitative study methodologies is...
Introduction Crude acid phosphatase, an enzyme, is vital in speeding up biological reactions, and as such, it comes in handy in the manufacture of proteins as well as the conversion of sugar compounds into usable sugar substrates. The enzyme phosphatase is an ubiquitous acid found in both plants and animal....
The Neville Theta C function is named after Eric Harold Neville and is mathematically defined as: From the formula, K(m) is the complete elliptic integration of the first kind K’(m) =K(1-m), and is the elliptical nome (Lide 135). It should be noted that the function θp (z, m) can at times...
Research misconduct is a serious offense that occurs quite frequently in the academic community. It is heart-breaking when some researchers violate authorship rights and pocketing years of somebody’s hard work. Thus, it is crucial to monitor plagiarism and unfair practices in scientific research carefully. This paper aims to consider why...
Introduction Quantitative studies often allow for a deeper understanding of phenomena (Campbell & Stanley, 1963), and a multiple regression is a method which permits for estimating whether there is a relationship between a number of predictor variables and an outcome variable (Frankfort-Nachmias & Nachmias, 2015). It can also be used...
The article under consideration is titled “Dynamic bayesian networks based abnormal event classifier for nuclear power plants in case of cybersecurity threats.” It is drawn from a journal called “Progress in Nuclear Energy” and is authored by Pavan Kumar Vaddi together with seven other scholars. The article explains that nuclear...
Definitions In the process of researching, the necessity to provide the correct meaning of discussed terminology units arises on a regular basis to ensure readers accurate understanding. Therefore, the methods and the process of defining are issues of great importance in every study. There are two common approaches to carefully...
Introduction Effect size is an important statistic that reflects the strength/magnitude of a relationship between two variables. This paper uses the article by Mancuso (2010) as an example to show that effect sizes should be reported in studies because they allow for assessing the practical importance of the attained results,...
The purpose of the veterans’ needs assessment is to address the concerns of military families regarding the assimilation of their family members into civilian life. In this regard, the study investigates veterans’ needs in managing adverse outcomes of military services, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health...
Introduction Scientists sought to experiment that drinking coffee may have a positive implication to blood sugar levels that may lead to diabetes. This procedure had to be carefully conducted to articulate positive results that could be verified through standard experimental procedures. In a research procedure, some experiments may only be...
Introduction Standing waves are produced when identical waves occur on the same medium. The waves travel in the opposite direction but have the same amplitude and wavelength. Usually, standing waves are best produced by connecting a string to a vibrating body on one end and a reflecting body on the...
It goes without saying that medical researches deserve close attention and consideration. The medical researches which are made with the claim of their further applicability deserve far more consideration and interpretation, lots of preliminary work before the actual living out of the claims, found within a research book. There are...
Introduction: Importance of Handling Missing Data and Skip Patterns In statistics, missing data occur when there is no value of data stored for a specific variable in observation, which means that no information is provided for a subject (quantitative research). Skipping patterns refer to one or several questions linked to...
Qualitative research is aimed at obtaining valuable data on the deep motivation of respondents and detailed information about the subject of research. Qualitative methods involve the collection of information in free form; they focus not on statistical measurements, but rely on understanding, explaining, and interpreting empirical data. Additionally, they represent...
The overview of the study The scholars analyzed mobility patterns of mobile devices to determine the movement of people in Houston, Texas after Hurricane Harvey hit it. The research aimed at developing a generalizable method that could predict people’s response and recovery after a natural disaster. It was found that...
Methodology The proposed research aims to investigate if people with down syndrome are less likely to have behaviors if they are provided with one-on-one care. Typically, people having Down syndrome without assistance tend to demonstrate aggressive conduct towards other people (Valentini et al., 2021). Therefore, it is crucial to research...
Introduction In science, it is paramount to be able to analyze data in order to discover correlations between phenomena (Campbell & Stanley, 1963). This paper provides a multiple regression analysis of the data for the task 4 of the textbook by Field (2013, p. 355); the data can be found...
Random sampling is defined as a sampling method whereby several subjects are selected for a study from a population. Each member of the population is merely chosen by chance and therefore each member of the population has an equal probability chance for being chosen for the study. On the other...
Introduction In many parts of the world, politics is an area of interest for many people, given the immense weight that political systems confer over the wellbeing and the governance of societies. Political systems are categorized as part of social systems and are among the major sectors in the world’s...
A good, loving, and all-powerful God allows people to suffer, especially Christians, so that they can grow to love Christ more and establish their faith in him. In effect, God allows people to suffer so that they can understand his providence when he comes through for them. Notably, one tends...
Art and science have for a long time been complemented in several ways. It is difficult to differentiate the key features between the two. The key variance is that art is subjective, unlike objective science. Art expresses knowledge whereas science depicts the acquisition of knowledge. The collaboration between art and...
Research plays a critical role in the scientific world, discovering and describing various phenomena, events, causal relationships, thereby promoting the resolution of numerous issues. It can be applied in many industries, especially healthcare, education, psychology, social science, marketing, and business overall. Nevertheless, depending on a research question, scholars use different...
Introduction This critique is concerned with the qualitative article by Sharma et al. (2019) entitled “Death anxiety among elderly people: Role of gender, spirituality, and mental health.” The authors conceptualized spirituality and death anxiety and provided a brief literature review concerning the research on the matter. Sharma et al. (2019)...
The central dataset picked up by satellite geodesy is most useful in the geoidal anomalies than in gravity anomalies form. One noted feature of the earth’s field of gravity is the level of dominance in the low degree, long wavelength harmonics, and a way of viewing the significance of a...
Introduction A radiopharmaceutical, otherwise known as nuclear medicine, is made up of one or more radioactive isotopes called radio-nuclides. Radiopharmaceuticals are pharmaceuticals prepared in readiness for applications in curing and/or identification of diseases in persons. Radioactive element 133Xe, 131I-NaI, or a labelled compound 131I-iodinated proteins and 99mTc-labeled compounds are a...
Sampling distortion happens when some people are more likely than others to be chosen systematically in a survey. In the medical profession, it is also known as ascertainment bias. Since sampling bias jeopardizes external validity, especially population validity, findings are restricted in their generalizability. In other words, results from skewed...
Summary This paper aims to generate a process for analysis of the data collected in previous works resulting in the concise and proper analysis and development of the data implementation into a workable plan. In order to create a comprehensible project, it seems appropriate to apply the table format. A...
Introduction and Choice of article The article that has been selected for this essay is, ‘Rice scientists create a super antioxidant – Common catalyst cerium oxide opens door to nanochemistry for medicine’. The article was published in Rice University News and Media on October 14th 2013 where it was posted...
Two general ethical principles followed in nursing that can be discussed as tantamount to conducting the research involving human subjects are the respect for person and human dignity and truth telling. It is possible to state that these ethical principles are directly related to the ethics of the research involving...
Correlation is referred to as the association between bivariate data, which is also described as data sets containing two observations. Scatterplots, also known as scatter graphs or correlational charts, provide excellent descriptive representations of the interrelationship between two quantitative variables. Each point in a scatter plot denotes a paired measurement...
Modern data analysis includes multiple approaches allowing to conduct of tests for dependent and independent variables in different scenarios. Descriptive statistics, correlation, T-test, ANOVA, and regression can be applied to test healthcare researches information to provide exact responses to studied questions. For example, the answer to “What is the average...
Evaluation is a complicated concept and for it to generate valid conclusions, it needs a carefully thought approach. Such complications emanate from the fact that there are numerous factors that influence the manner in which conclusions are interpreted as well as the outcomes. These factors are usually in a complex...
The Paricutín volcano is the one of youngest on Earth and belongs to the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt. It is situated in the central part of Mexico in the state of Michoacan, 322 km from Mexico City. The eruption occurred from 1943 to 1952 in the Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field (Larrea et...
This analysis delves into the correlates and antecedents of cellular telephone acquisition and ownership rates for a 2005 database spanning 46 countries. Interest is sparked, first of all, by wide disparities in mobile telephony penetration, ranging from zero to 69 percent of the population in the case of the United...
Quantitative studies comprise a significant portion of the basis used for making decisions in evidence-based practice (EBP). However, different studies on the same subject can propose contradictory conclusions. This can complicate choosing the findings that one must follow when making evidence-based decisions. Therefore, one must critically assess the study by...
Brief History of Cryptography The development of civilization provided the need for encryption of data and its secret transmission. Thus, cryptography was used in early states such as ancient Egypt or Mesopotamia. At that time, the primary method of encrypting information was the substitution of symbols (Dooley, 2018). In more...
Abstract This work is a comprehensive analysis of the activities of the most significant Western thinkers: Freud, Darwin, and Marx. Each of them had a special impact on Western civilization, making a great contribution to science and culture. They worked in different fields (psychology, biology, and philosophy), but in part,...
Introduction People have always been interested in exploring outer space and colonizing other planets. Scientists spent years developing and testing rockets that would allow humanity to reach planets where life can be better. As indicated by Worrall (2018), experts claim that the future lies in the stars and not on...
Peer-reviewed articles are primarily based on academic studies, precisely research that has been conducted. They exhibit properly defined methods and attitudes of scholars. When reading through the article, the sense and taste of intelligence are experienced that obviously attracts an arousing strong curiosity. For an article to be called peer-reviewed,...
Introduction Training programs are believed to impact the way the employees consider themselves able to work or rather have the necessary training to complete their work. This research evaluates if such a relationship exists. This is achieved through a series of steps. It is important to note that this research...
The literature review is a fundamental part of any research, as it highlights already existing knowledge on the studied topic. Baker et al. (2015) analyzed sources related to the state of delirium and the ability of nurses to determine it. For example, Voyer et al. (2008) discuss the assessment of...
The core differences between adaptive sampling and network sampling rest on their applications. Adaptive sampling in an entirely new sampling design in which regions, defined in its context as “units” are selected based on the values of variables that are of interest during the observation process in the sampling survey...
Introduction In the task #12.7, a two-way ANOVA was utilized to test the influence of two categorical independent variables on each of the two dependent variables: percentage of immunized persons and the number of days of immunization delay. In this paper, the claim that no statistically significant interaction was detected...
The solar system is believed to have majorly contributed to the formation of the Earth when a cloud of massive swirling dust and gas condensed through a supercooling. Earth has evolved over 4.5 billion years, after such occurrences of massive cooling (Hill, 2016). The solid formed is the current core...
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010), 11% of alcohol consumed in the USA is drunk by adolescents, and 90% of it is consumed in the form of binge drinking. The main idea of this paper is to define five approaches to qualitative research, analyze them and...
Confidence interval (IC) is a type of interval estimate of a population constant. lt is used to ascertain the reliability of a statistical estimate. Rather than estimating a constant using a single value, a range is determined that includes the constant. The interval between the constants is measured by the...
Introduction Sedwick, Lance-Smith, Reeder, and Nardi’s (2012) main apprehension was the increasing rate of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in critical care patients. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is currently becoming one of the common complications among the Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) not only within the United States but also around the world. Therefore, VAP is...
Data Suitability Although the structure of the data appears normal (observations are stored in one record each; replications have separate records; each variable has its own field, which is always in the same column, etc.), not all the variables from the file “Data 02 (1).sav” are suitable for analysis. The...
The article of Smart (2010) discussed in the present paper pertains to the investigation of collective argumentation formation within the process of interaction with organizations holding similar and opposite opinions and viewpoints. The discourse relationships observed as an object for the present research are found across the network of texts...
The assigned article is a detailed analysis of the main methods to use in conducting a needs assessment for veterans. It provides a sound analysis of the possible data collection methods to use while doing so and outlines key research questions for conducting this analysis. After reading the article, a...
Background It has been suggested by previous research findings that surgery is an effective treatment for sports-related injuries. This study aimed to explore the improvement of range of movement of the arm after surgery at one month and 12 months, and examine the relationships between movement of arm at baseline,...
Introduction Statistics has been applied in major attributes of human life Thus it has been deemed of paramount significance for students especially in major areas that impact on human existence to have a strong statistical and analytic background. The essay thus is a close statistical examination of education based on...
Explaining the Sample The case study titled “Social Work Research: Program Evaluation” focused on assisting low-income families. Plummer et al. (2014) mention that analyzing case studies is efficient in developing skills and expertise in social work, and this discussion is used to improve competency in sampling techniques. The program evaluation...
The scientific investigation of Earth has led to the formation of theories that explain how the planet as it is now changed over time. The archeological evidence, fossils, the placement of volcanoes, and glaciers serve as evidential proofs that provided the basis for the Plate Tectonics Theory. Importantly, the form...
Executive Summary The analysis of sales data of five products (1-5) offers important information regarding their structure, appropriate models of the forecast, and prediction of demand. The attributes of product 1 indicated that it has a cyclical structure without seasonality and trend. Based on these attributes, SMA and SES were...
In a study, a film director sought to establish factors that influence the popularity of films. As a research design, the study examined the impact of gender and the type of film on psychological arousal. Gender and the type of film are two independent variables, whereas psychological arousal is the...
Benefits of using mixed methods research Many research studies adopt mixed methods approaches in their study designs that employ both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative methods are concerned with collection and analysis of data (numbers) using statistical tests. On the other hand, qualitative methods are concerned with collection and analysis...
The work of a statistician is closely connected with possible risks of sampling error; therefore, it is always important to approach the study of statistical data wholly and objectively. Thanks to the theory, which includes several analytical tools of sample assessment, specialists can check whether the data obtained during the...
The first critical mistake businesses make in employing Business intelligence (BI) programs is to ignore data quality. Organizations frequently assume that data used in BI programs is free of errors irrespective of the numerous processes they undergo, which may lead to errors at one given stage. A solution to this...
Introduction Aircraft building is a complicated process that requires meticulous selection of the right materials. Engineers must fully understand the qualities and limitations of all construction materials in order to make the right selection. Ideal metals for aircraft production often have minimal weight, are corrosion, fatigue, heat, and crack resistant,...
Introduction It is accepted that the collection of research data should have a definite purpose. It is important to develop a research question matching the data to provide a meaningful result. A good research question is not just interesting but should be grounded in the analysis of evidence (Lipowski, 2008)....
The use of both qualitative and quantitative research designs is critical for different professionals, including nurses. This paper is aimed at discussing the primary strengths and weaknesses of each approach. This discussion can be important for medical workers who need to know how to examine the most important problems affecting...
Protection of human participants In an empirical study carried out by Jayadevappa, Schwartz, Chhatre, Wein and Malkowicz (2010), a total of 201 participants were recruited to take part in the survey. These were patients who had already been diagnosed with prostate cancer. Prior to treatment, the subjects were supposed to...
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals represent a significant portion of modern society, and these people often face numerous social challenges. As a result, various empirical articles address the issue, and the quantitative one by Hatzenbuehler et al. (2017) is among them. The research analyzes how social support for...
The correlation study focuses on the assumption that there is some interrelation between two variables that cannot be controlled by the researcher. In other words, the correlation is not the causation. For example, the correlation study might suggest that there is an interrelation between public health and self-esteem, but it...
As temperature increases, at a constant volume, pressure also increases with the magnitude depending on the level of temperature for laryngeal mask airway made of silicon rubber. This research paper presents a calculation to show this effect due to decreasing barometric pressure. In addition, the complications of these changes on...
Introduction Jupiter has always attracted a lot of attention due to its rings and numerous satellites. The most famous and the first satellites that were discovered are Io, Callisto, Europa and Ganymede. Some researchers even note that these satellites can be seen as “a kind of miniature solar system orbiting...
Introduction Components such as heat shields for spacecraft and for turbochargers are very challenging. They are subjected to very high operating temperatures and especially heat shields should never fail. The recent crash of the space shuttle Challenger happened because the heat shields failed and as a result, the catastrophic failure...
Relation between Pascal’s triangle and the Sierpenski triangle Both Pascal’s and Sierpenski are triangles. The Sierpenski triangle is obtained from Pascal’s triangle by marking or coloring the odd numbers and leaving the even numbers without color. Properties of the Sierpenski triangle and the Mandelbrot set Both the Sierpenski triangle and...
Introduction Heat transfer is a common process in most machines, especially where two surfaces are in contact. The process is conceptualized as energy in transit. The transfer of heat is used to perform work, for example when the parts of the machine are in motion. Heat can also be generated...
Introduction The four lenses of liberal arts are used to examine topics from different points of view. They allow one to understand not only what a topic entails, but how its came into existence and why different opinions of it can form. They also help one to form a more...
Introduction The applied research and the traditional academic research methods derive their processes and procedures from the generalized definition of research. Research is the scientific process through which solutions to problems are derived from statistical inferences (Salkind, 2006). The notion of finding a solution to the current problem is the...
Exploratory Data Analysis A high school teacher is interested in determining whether his students’ test scores increase over the course of a 12 Week period. Descriptive statistics for students’ test scores for the 12 Week period are provided in Table 1. Of the 12 students who participated in this study,...
New Mars rover “Curiosity” landed Mars on August 6. According to the comments of its creators, the purpose of this sophisticated device is in participating in long term robotic exploration of Mars (Webster par. 2). In particular, the mission of this Mars rover is to attempt answering the question that...
Introduction As we know, humanity has been interested in issues of nature and society from the very moment the first cultures appeared. To answer these essential topics, the best minds of civilizations have created science and many categories within it, some of which are mathematics and logic. Despite their technical...
Researchers involved in planning and conducting research related to cohort fertility are required to operate within the framework of legal and ethical standards. Participants in scientific research can take part in them exclusively voluntarily, taking full awareness of the stages, timing, results, and possible negative consequences of scientific work (Yegidis...
Introduction of the study The measures of central tendency like the mean, median, mode that will be discussed in this essay and the descriptive statistics are very useful in summarizing any collected data and help to come up with detailed and correct conclusions. The aim of this essay is to...
Introduction “Pythagorean triple, originated from the terminology referred to as Pythagorean Theorem, which states that each right-angled triangle has its sides that satisfy the formula x2+y2=z2 and thereby, the 3 sides of a right-angled triangle are actually described by a Pythagorean triple” (Stillwell, 2003, p.5). Fundamentally, three numerals that are...
Biostatisticians often experience research-based situations where they are expected to observe the counts of events that occur within a set unit of time, such as the number of reported cases of cholera in different cities or the number of children born per hour in any given day. In such contexts,...
Interdisciplinarity is understood as the interaction of two or more scientific disciplines, each of which has its subject, terminology, and research methods. The existence of such a phenomenon as interdisciplinary research means not only the emergence of a particular science into a new integrative research space and overcoming the boundaries...
Biostatisticians use a multiplicity of statistical terms and concepts that help them to organize numerical information in various formats, understand statistical techniques, and make informed decisions. These terms are important in helping professionals to not only design, analyze and interpret data of studies in public health and medicine, but also...
Problem statement The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between nurse staffing and the observed patient outcomes in hospital settings, paying special attention to acute care, nurse staffing policies and strategies (Penoyer, 2010). In particular, the researcher notes that the relationship between low nurse-patient ratios and desired...
The evidence in the study suggests that xylitol was found to be effective in treating caries. The dependent variable (level of caries formation) and independent variable (xylitol usage) were positively related to each other. The study compared treatment with xylitol chewing gum and oral health education within the intervention group...
Introduction The problem of creating an effective vacuum in many studies is important because different vacuum systems operate under different principles and can achieve the evacuation goal because of different evacuation abilities. Among the system to consider include the condensation systems, mechanical pumps, the ion and penning pumps that have...
Healthcare problem and research question In healthcare, it is prudent to assess relationships between healthcare problems and suspected causative factors. If causative factors are determined and positively correlated to healthcare problems, then preventive measures can be put in place (Polit & Lake, 2010). Correlation analysis statistical tests are used to...
Testing for statistical significance depends on the chosen p-value. Selection of the p-value depends on the sample size (Banerjee, Chitnis, Jadhav, Bhawalkar, & Chaudhury, 2009; Ioannidis, 2005). This determines the location of desired significance on a normal distribution graph. Definition of the alternative hypothesis guides the selection of the left...
Abstract The paper at hand provides a brief review of the tests and scales applied to data measurement in social science. One touches upon the most widely-used approaches, as well as, the basic principles of reliability and validity measurement. A particular focus is put on the health science and the...
Asbestos is one of the naturally occurring minerals, which has a fibrous structure. Hallenborg and Stewart (2003, p. 56) define asbestos as “Naturally occurring fibrous material that has been a popular building material since the 1950s.” The two definitions show that this is a fibrous mineral that is popularly used...
Introduction The solar system has a large number of natural satellites orbiting various planets, asteroids, and comets. Although most of these moons appear to be identical gray rocks moving in space, careful observation shows that they are diverse and have unique and intriguing features. One of the planets with many...
The use of statistics is a helpful tool utilized in a variety of fields. However, there are areas the successful functioning and development of which would suffer considerably without the application of such a tool. Health care is one of the industries the utilization of statistics in which allows promoting...
Throughout its history, humanity has developed numerous methods of multiplication or repeated addition. These can be more or less time-consuming and also vary in effectiveness: while some are better for education, others pursue purely practical purposes. Three such methods are traditional, Ancient Egyptian, and the method of cups and counters....
Introduction Many students who plan to apply for medical studies suggest that they are not going to need mathematics and any mathematics-related sciences in the future and successfully forget anything they learned in school or college. However, mathematics and statistics are an essential part of healthcare research. This essay will...
Introduction The use of methodology is very central to research in any field. In medical practice, qualitative and quantitative approaches are used in the analysis of statistical and analytical data to inform research findings. The two commonly used research methodologies are quantitative and qualitative methods, both of which have got...
Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the critical sources of inspiration in the development and production of components that can be used to produce energy in various environments such as in the harsh undeveloped Martian atmosphere. According to Lyons and Whelan, the possibility of using nanotechnology to produce electricity has...
In order to conduct a complete qualitative research and present a cohesive qualitative research plan, it is necessary to match the structure and topic of the study with existing data collection and management techniques. There are specific patterns and models for organizing data that would immediately allow a researcher to...
The abstract With regard to the theories of Photovoltaics physics learned in the course, this report is an attempt to support and rationalize their implications in actuality. The experiment was done specifically to ascertain how various connected units could be coordinated to give a more reliable and controllable functioning. It...
Research is a dynamic and systematic procedure, whose aim is to establish one or more facts. Because the process is generally dynamic, there are different methods of conducting it (Houghton, Casey & Shaw 2013). The type of research strategy, approach, and technique to be employed is entirely dependent on the...
It is reasonable to believe that science should be appropriately appreciated by most people in the current time of unprecedented progress in all spheres of life and the availability of various information. It forms the foundation for all the technological advancements making everyone’s living more comfortable and attractive. However, the...
Introduction Earth’s surface represents the point of four spheres’ meeting, where they overlap and interact. The atmosphere is the outer gas shell of the Earth, the lower border of which lies through the lithosphere and hydrosphere. The hydrosphere is a water shell of the Earth, which includes all waters on...
Abstract The present paper critiques the sampling strategy and sample size of the selected article. Overall, it is evident that the strategies used (e.g., inclusion criteria, stratified sampling, randomization, and power analysis) were effective in maintaining internal validity and ensuring that findings could be generalized to the wider population. Introduction...
Introduction The power supply unit in electronics is the central unit that provides a load within the system-controlled power. Essentially, the supply unit gets its power from the mains; it then rectifies the AC power input through a series of rectifiers made from a combined circuitry consisting of transistors, resistors,...
Introduction and assumptions The paper will analyze the relationship between the highest level of education, labor force status and the number of hours worked in a week. The paper will concentrate on estimating the measures of central tendency and dispersion (Arnold, 2011). The data will be collected from NORC at...
Introduction The persistence and control of rodent host by Toxoplasma gondii is attributed to brain encystment by trachyzoites derived from the definitive host. Its proliferation into latent brain cysts (bradyzoites) in rodents limits the host’s physiological functioning and induces behavioural changes that favour felid-vectored transmission (Gatkowska et al. 2012; Webster...
Significant of meeting assumptions in statistical test In a statistical analysis, assumptions made are very significant in designing of the research method applicable to a given case scenario. Ensuring that the data meets a given assumption helps in reducing the errors during computation, particularly type one and two errors. The...
The importance of the proposed study in the context of the existing knowledge For many centuries, nuclear reactors in the world hav been relying on fuel cycles based on uranium. Nevertheless, the element thorium is a potential source of nuclear energy in certain types of nuclear reactors. In fact, it...
Introduction There is no doubt that statistics is a multifaceted concept with a myriad of applications; currently, everything ranging from sociology, science, business to mention but a few in one way or another incorporate statistics in their day-to-day activities. With this in mind, it is worth noting that several statistical...
Abstract Conducting a qualitative study means being especially careful with the completion of the key steps required by the existing standards. Carrying out a basic qualitative research in their article, Weir, Bush, Robson, McParlin, Rankin and Bell (2010) have managed to incorporate all basic elements that the existing standards demand...
Introduction When starting work on a study, it is necessary to choose the appropriate method of statistical data analysis. Unfortunately, scientists often consider some essential elements and concepts of statistical analysis as interchangeable. This paper aims to discuss the fundamental statistical issues and present at least five typical examples applying...
Sabine Doebel is a cognitive scientist who knows a lot about the work of the human brain and shares her observations and research in her speech for TED Talks. Doebel (2019) tells about the importance of executive functions of the brain for learning and completing daily tasks, as well as...
Introduction We may lack a universally accepted definition of validity but the concept that comes out from most of the definitions is the degree to which a concept under study is justifiable. According to the American Educational Research Association Psychological Association and National Council on Measurement in Education (1999), measurement...
Introduction A thermodynamic process is defined by thermal heat transfer between bodies according to the principles of physics. Thermodynamic processes initiate energy changes and transfer within systems. The basic elements of thermodynamic processes include internal temperature changes, volume changes, and pressure variations. Thermodynamic processes fall into specific categories. In an...
A mathematical theory is similar to a mathematical representation that is established on dictums. Sometimes, it can continuously be a body of knowledge, for example, built on truism and precision. Therefore, it can be utilized when dealing with an area of mathematical fact-finding within the set guidelines and procedures. This...
