Medical Microbiology: Salmonella – Causes of Infection and Its Prevention

Introduction Salmonella is a type of gram-negative bacteria that can lead to typhoid fever, food poisoning and paratyphoid fever. These species can cause the production of hydrogen sulfide and are motile. Their name is derived from that of an American veterinary pathologist, Daniel Elmer Salmon. Along with Theobald Smith, who...

Geometrical Inference and Reasoning

Geometry is traced for over 2000 years back from ancient Greece. World-renowned science pioneers like Pythagoras, Aristotle, and Euclid were greatly associated with geometry, which its real denotation could be established from the Greek language. ” Geos” in Greek is simply, earth and “metron” is referred to as measure. The...

Technology Industry and University Research

Introduction The knowledge base of technology usually derives from basic research. It focuses on generating scientific knowledge and deals with fundamental questions of science. Nature of the environment plays a very significant role in creation and application of knowledge. Government policy plays a very significant role in establishing a national...

Large Hadron Collider’s Launch and Consequences

Introduction The aim of the present paper is to argue on the matters of Large Hadron Collider launch, the probable consequences of the launch, and to compare the view on the probable consequences of the launch. For several years, politicians and researchers alike have announced that “globalization” is the future...

Resource Value Effects Territorial Defense by Broad-Tailed and Rufous Hummingbirds

Introduction An animal of a particular species may defend a territory from animals of other species or its own species. Mostly the territories are held by either individuals, a group or mated pair. Food is the overall key determinant for a species to hold the territory. The key factor for...

Anthropology: The `Kennewick Man Controversy’

Introduction The Kennewick Man Controversy is a prime example of disability to resolve an issue in a proper and skillful manner and the all the involved parties, the archaeologists, the US Government and the Umatilla tribe, lacked the understanding of the other party and ultimately lead to a fiasco of...

Bonobos’ Sexual Receptivity and Social Behaviour

Introduction The Pan group of non human primates resembles the human beings the most. They are the chimpanzees of the Pan Troglodytes and the bonobo ape of the Pan Paniscus. Their sociosexual behaviors resemble hominoids. Their lives in the wild gave them special characteristics which were modified when they moved...

All About the Role of Genetic Engineering and Biopiracy

Introduction The term genetic engineering makes the headline invariably every other day in newspapers. With demand for surplus growth, every attempt is made to increase productions and control pest damage using artificial and secondary methods. In India, the government has given the clearance for the first time, the testing of...

Monocropping Cotton and Organic Cotton

Monocropping is the traditional agricultural pattern in Africa based on the practice of growing cotton year after year on the same land. This practice is very popular in Africa because it is one of the cost-effective solutions: it allows specialization of equipment and production techniques. African farmers use large amounts...

UK Population: Statistics Project

Introduction This paper provides a discussion on description and analysis of data. For this population, the population statistics of UK for the years from 1970 to 2006 has been used. Data was obtained from the World Bank site (WB. 2008). Description of Data accessing The data selected for the paper...

Genetic Engineering and Cloning Controversy

Introduction Genetic engineering and cloning are the most important and controversial issues in modern science. The benefits of cloning are possibility to treat incurable diseases and increase longlivity, reduce human sufferings and treat genetic diseases. Some people argue that this kind of genetic intervention is motivated by the desire of...

Chapter 4 of “Your Inner Fish” by Neil Shubin

Neil Shubin is one of the most famous biologists and paleontologists of the modern world. His works, “Your Inner Fish,” especially attract readers’ attention and positive feedbacks of critics not only by their strong theoretical basis, a wide variety of evidence and support, and well-developed structure but also by the...

Position of Earth in the Universe Between Astronomers

Though, in general, the scientific community has been taking its work ahead by picking up threads from the god’s creation, but there are instances in history where religious practitioners and the scientific community had been on a collision course. The dispute over the position of the earth in the universe...

Risk: A Statistical Perspective

Introduction Risk is a term widely used in different contexts and different disciplines of knowledge. This is perceived in many different manners in different subjects. In probability, this is defined as the product of an event multiplied by negative impact (quantum of loss) associated with that event. Thus it is...

Quantitative Research: Methodology and Main Focus

The strategy uses for this study is going to be quantitative. In quantitative research, your aim is to determine the relationship between one thing (an independent variable) and another (a dependent or outcome variable) in a population. Quantitative research designs are either descriptive (subjects usually measured once) or experimental (subjects...

Statistics in “Trump Wall” by Rodgers & Bailey

Introduction Displaying statistical materials as one of the convenient reporting methods is a common practice in various fields. In the sphere of homeland security, graphic charts and diagrams are often utilized to demonstrate the level of the violations of state borders, crime rates, and other crucial data. Nevertheless, even in...

The Development of Life on Earth

Evolution of both animal and plants took place through out the geological time, though in the initial stages of the geological time scale only rudimentary form of life existed. The various life forms that dominated during these times are: Precambrian era: According to (Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed 2007) “fossilized bacteria...

Tectonic Forces Originating Deep within the Earth

Introduction Tectonic force are those kinds of forces that originate from beneath the surface and alter the surface configuration of the earth due to lithospheric plate movement. (Marko, 2002) Plate tectonic movement is the movement of the continental plates. It is believed that the earth was once a continuos land...

Complexity Theory in Educational Administration

Introduction Complexity theory is closely linked to chaos theory, this theory studies systems that are very complex to precisely forecast their future, but nonetheless show fundamental patterns which can assist us to deal with this increasingly complex world. Science typically examines the world by breaking it into smaller and smaller...

Alternate Catalysts for Organic Reactions and Synthesis

Introduction The study is based on the principles of green chemistry that can be considered as the main notions regarding the importance of the responsibility to the environment in different forms and along with the issues related to Chemistry and compositions of different organic systems. Due to the twofold importance...

Bias: Clinical Trial, Pragmatic and Explanatory Trials

Bias in Clinical Trial It is a challenging task for researchers to conduct a study that will be credible, mainly when it refers to large clinical trials. In this case, scholars should overcome various kinds of bias to make their work free from possible errors. Thus, “Effect of Behavioral Interventions...

Santa Barbara Lands: Biome Project

Selected Area Description The selected area for the Biome Project is the small city Santa Barbara, California, on the Western coast. The town is located near the coastal line and has borders with natural resorts and reservations. Moreover, the city has no evident or visible sights of agricultural land or...

Four Types of Correlation Coefficients Comparison

Table Table 1. Four Correlation Coefficients and their Comparisons. Statistical Method What the Statistical Method/Test Measures What type of research question would best apply to this method? Pearson’s r This is the parametric coefficient for determining relationships between variables, including their direction and magnitude, and making inferences about correlations between...

Genetics Impact on Health Care in the Aging Population

In contemporary medical practice, a number of prevalent diseases in the aging population, such as type-2 diabetes, heart diseases, and obesity, have a genetic origin. Recent scientific advances in the field of genomics raise demand for new health public policies, introducing innovative laboratory testing and treatment methods. This paper briefly...

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Publication Critique

Quantitative Study The quantitative research study that is to be critiqued is the one written by Pickham et al. in 2018. The researchers highlighted the problem of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers (HAPUs) and the benefits which routine patient-turning practices failed to demonstrate. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the...

Drinking: Survey Tool Development

Introduction Surveys can assist in collecting diverse types of information for varied types of studies, including quantitative ones. This paper will follow the development of a survey tool that is meant for a quantitative project dedicated to binge drinking. Two online surveys will be analyzed, and their examples, along with...

Theory Building in Nursing

Building theories allow scientists to study phenomena of the real world by representing them in the form of abstract models. This approach provides researchers with a useful tool that makes it possible to reduce the complexity of the processes in question by focusing on the most relevant aspects of them....

Transport for London: Marketing Analytics

Sampling Scheme The appropriate sampling scheme that Transport for London (TfL) should use in surveying attitudes and preferences of passengers for Night Tube services is stratified method. Since TfL lacks a sampling frame, the use of the stratified sampling method would allow the categorization of passengers into distinct groups with...

Forensics of Fire and Explosions Critique

Reading the work by Professor Fred Smith on the forensics of fire and explosions compelled me to gain deeper insights on the field and the scientific community around it. First and foremost, the paper was eye-revealing in regards to the importance of scientific evidence in the criminal justice system. To...

Developmental Stages of Human Beings

Human beings have to go through a sequence of developmental stages or milestones. Each phase is essential since it supports the acquisition of both physical and cognitive abilities. A detailed analysis of each childhood stage can make it possible for caregivers and guardians to offer timely or evidence-based support. The...

Evidence-Based Practice Project: Quasi-Experimental Designs Analysis

The research methodology that would be most suitable for the evidence-based practice project is quantitative quasi-experimental. Quasi-experimental designs characteristically enable the researcher to align the project with the treatment situation while employing another criterion apart from the random assignment (Heinen, Mackett, van Wee, Ogilvie, & Panter, 2018). Because the project...

Istanbul’s Economy and Demographics

Economy of Istanbul Istanbul is an economically developed city that combines the industry, tourism, and transportation sectors. Its GDP in 2017 amounted to one-third of Turkey’s GDP, or 970 billion Turkish liras (Kistak, 2018). The beneficial geographical location of Istanbul, as well as the history of its economic development and...

Aspects of Human Evolution

The Role of Adaptations in Hominid Development Climate changes have an essential effect on the development and evolution of organisms since they support natural selection processes. Particularly challenging climate conditions require organisms to develop adaptive behaviors, and failure to do so usually results in extinction. Hominid development was also influenced...

Obesity in African-American Women: Methodology

Introduction The problem of obesity in African-American women aged between 40 and 65 continues growing and challenging many nurses and public health workers. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017), approximately 56% of black women older than 20 are obese and required additional medical help to manage...

EBSCO/CINAHL and Medline/Pubmed: Evidence Appraisal

Abstract The paper reports the results of the evidence search conducted by using two databases: EBSCO/CINAHL and Medline/Pubmed. The purposes of the assignment, as well as search criteria, are briefly stated in the introduction. The following section, Methods, and Results, describes the tools and approaches used during the search and...

Spectroscopy of “Reactive Intermediates” Trapped in Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets

The goal of the experimental research program was to separate and stabilize transitory intermediates and yields generated by prototype combustion reactions. The main method used was the Helium Nanodroplet Isolation (HENDI), which is a groundbreaking technology that uses liquid helium droplets to freeze out high-energy, highly stable structures of a...

How to Make a Good Research Project?

What is a Research Project? It is a particular type of academic assignment that requires studying an issue of interest to contribute to theoretical or practical knowledge. The paramount goal of the research project is to examine a topic in an in-depth manner, integrate the available evidence, and produce new...

Beryl Mineral’s Physical Properties

Introduction Beryl is a mineral composed mainly of beryllium aluminum cyclosilicate. However, traces of cesium, lithium, and sodium can be found in beryl. The gemstone originates from igneous, metamorphic rocks. It has a refractive index ranging from 1.57 to 1.58 and a specific gravity of 2.6 to 2.92 (Sultana &...

Statistics in Real-Life Application

Introduction Numerous students of different ages who study statistics admit that this course is boring. They stipulate that this subject is based on unrealistic materials that are not useful. However, in-depth insight into statistics and its underlying principles can show that this discipline offers some helpful information that can be...

Istanbul: Urbanization Trends and City Attributes

Istanbul, a city, colonized in the seventh century BC, is still one of the cultural centers of the country and the world (Fisher-Onar, Pearce, & Keyman, 2018). Even though Istanbul lost its status as a capital, the level of its urban development remains significant. Istanbul was the capital of three...

Misinformation and Fake News Study by Scheufele & Krause

The problem of public misinformation has become surprisingly common in the U.S. setting, causing numerous clashes between citizens. The study by Scheufele and Krause (2019) seeks to analyze the process of becoming misinformed about basic scientific knowledge, which seems to have become an issue in the American social environment. Specifically,...

Far-Red Shifted Chlorophyll Definition

The claims that photosynthesis is one of the most critical processes on Earth are not without merit. Life on Earth is based on carbon, oxygen, and their sunlight-induced interplay. The same sentient beings that are continually studying the mechanism of photosynthesis would not exist without it. The carbohydrates that provide...

Interview With a Science Professional: Steven Kidder

Steven Kidder is an assistant professor of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at the City College of New York. He received a doctorate from the University of California Institute of Technology in 2012 and a master’s degree from Arizona University. These accomplishments allowed Mr. Kidder to specialize in structural geology, which...

The History of Oak Cliff Neighborhood, Dallas, Texas

Geographic Level The neighborhood of Oak Cliff occupies “an 87-square-mile section of the city south of the Trinity,” which constitutes about the third of the whole territory of Dallas (Stone, 2015, para. 1). Just like Dallas in general, Oak Cliff has all of the geographic features associated with the area...

Switching Majors and the Probability of Degree Completion

Introduction In today’s increasingly competitive and high-paced educational and working environment it can be very difficult for students to make a good decision as for the choice of their primary major. For this reason, there exists a phenomenon of changing academic majors, which can have both a positive and negative...

Telephone-Based Support for Post-discharge Breastfeeding Mothers

Data Collection The proposed research project is focused on the following PICOT statement: (P) – new mothers after a vaginal delivery; (I) – lactation support phone calls after discharge; (C) – patients receiving no intervention; (O) – the increased chances of breastfeeding success; (T) – six weeks after delivery. Since...

Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research

Introduction The PICOT question for this study is “In children with asthma between the ages of 5 and 19 (P), does a combination program consisting 5 weeks of education sessions, once per week including children and their families in the primary care setting and a daily controller medication (I) compared...

An Atomic Radio Receiver

Introduction The history of electromagnetic waves being used for communication is rather long. People have been receiving and sending signals since the end of the nineteenth century. The style of the antenna used for radio received has been the same for many years as well (Emerging Technology from the arXiv)....

Research Methods for Nursing and Healthcare

Sample and Setting The researcher will sample nurses and congestive heart failure patients at Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami, Florida. Nurses will be sampled from the hospital’s department of cardiology. They have to have worked in this department for at least five years. They will provide their expert opinion on...

Colombia: Country Analysis for Business Expansion

Colombia is a country of great potential due to its people and considerable natural resources; the ineffective management of these assets leads to a high poverty rate. However, Colombia has well-established economic relations with the USA, so it is important to understand the peculiarities of this state. The country is...

Kyrgyzstan’s Demographics, Government and Culture

Basic Information The official national name of Kyrgyzstan is the Kyrgyz Republic (Central Intelligence Agency, 2018). A citizen of Kyrgyzstan is properly referred to as a Kyrgyzstani (Central Intelligence Agency, 2018). Products of materials from Kyrgyzstan are referred to as Kyrgyz in origin (Central Intelligence Agency, 2018). Demographics The population...

Anthropology: Infectious Disease Education for Indian People

Introduction In the modern world, much attention is paid to health literacy and the exchange of necessary information. Community involvement cannot be ignored because this practice makes multiple sources available for creating new strategies and understanding human behaviors (Scrimshaw 7653). Along with social scientists, health professionals, and researchers, anthropologists play...

Sexual Assault: Non- and Professional Articles

Journals are an important source of information that can provide individuals with facts, data, or knowledge they need to improve the understanding of a particular aspect or issue. However, during the research, it is critical to take into account the fact that there are various types of works preconditioned by...

Bologna-Surface Bacterial Analysis: Bacterial Contamination on Two Food Contact Surfaces

Introduction The natural environment contains many micro-organisms that are suspended in the air, in water and on other organisms, for instance, humans. Modern laboratories are busy settings as personnel usually share equipment across overlapping work stations, which are near busy areas or high-traffic instruments. Therefore, it is essential to practice...

Robert Hooke’s Contributions to Modern Science

Introduction Robert Hooke was one of the most significant scientists of the 17th century. While his research and discoveries were often argued by his rival Isaac Newton, it is impossible to question the importance of his developments in such fields as physics, astronomy, biology, and medicine. This outstanding figure had...

Anthropological Development and Modernity

Introduction Attempting to understand the human essence regarding the influence of factors on the formation of this biological species is the key task of anthropology, and research in this area proves that evaluation criteria are different. Modern people living in highly developed cities and enjoying the latest technological advances have...

Visualizing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Mid-Atlantic Ridge Scrutinizing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from the perspective of the Continental Drift Theory (CDT), one will understand the nature of the object and the processes that take place within it. If the entire mass of water is drained from the Earth, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge as a divergent plate boundary...

Birth of Massive Black Holes in the Early Universe

In astronomy, there are a lot of investigations that are connected to the study of massive black hole sources in the universe. The present paper on astronomy offers an overview of an article entitled Birth of Massive Black Holes in the Early Universe, published on January 23, 2019, on the...

Homo Floresiensis and Human Evolution Models

Homo florensis were discovered recently as a new hominid species and provided some new evidence for the three models of human origins – Out-of-Africa, the Multiregional, and the Assimilation theories. According to Whitehouse (2018), Homo florensis were found on the island of Flores in Indonesia. The main characteristic that differs...

Near-Death Experiences and Life Understanding

Death is a resonating topic in modern culture and the main source of people’s fears. Humans have been reflecting on mortality for millennia, and this practice plays a big role in religion. Studies of near-death experience contribute to the discussion, by taking a look at individuals who were at some...

Staphylococcus Aureus Infection in Humans

Classification and Morphology The genus Staphylococcus has various species, which are mainly divided depending on their ability to cause clotting of the blood plasma. This process is referred to as the coagulase reaction. Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase-positive, implying they cause clotting. The organisms are mainly found in the axillae and...

Death Before and After Urbanization

The theme of death is among the most popular topics in modern culture, and it resonates with many people. The fear of dying is sitting deeply in the minds of individuals in western civilizations, but there are substantial cross-cultural differences that can be found in the way people from different...

Research Problem, Design and Sample

The relevance and validity of data used as evidence depend strongly on the research method used by the research team. Both the research design and the sampling method have a significant influence on the applicability and reliability of the results. The following paper describes the most common research design related...

Repeatability and Reproducibility Analysis

The introduction of reproducibility and repeatability as the means to remove the threats of machine errors as well as human ones is crucial to the performance of a company. Herein lies the importance of carrying out the corresponding analyses typically known as gage studies (Pyzdek & Keller, 2014). Considering the...

Theory of Continental Drift

What was Pangaea? According to the continental drift theory, over 300 million years ago, all the continents were joined together forming a single landmass surrounded by water. This landmass is called Pangaea. List 4 type of evidence which supported continental drift The continental drift theory supposes that over 300 million...

Country A vs. Chad: Economic and Social Differences

Introduction The case country is Chad, one of the least developed countries located in Central Africa. Chad is bordered by Libya in the north, Niger to the west, Nigeria and Niger in the southwest, Central Africa Republic to the south, and Sudan in the east. Similar to Country A, Chad’s...

Peer Review Cycle and the Differences Between Editor and Peer Reviewer

In the peer review cycle, the first important point is conducting the actual research. This is imperative because it helps one to have a critical perspective of the issue at hand and how its implication on the field of study. This acts as a determinant of the next steps in...

Genetic Variants Influencing Effectiveness of Exercise Training Programmes

Introduction Intended Audience: Healthcare professionals, medical students, academics Author Background: All three authors have extensive medical backgrounds. Writer’s Angle: The authors examine human predisposition towards obesity from the genetics point of view and observe how this predisposition is affected by physical training and other factors, such as diet, socioeconomic factors,...

Factor Analysis vs. Principal Components Analysis

One of the main differences between factor analysis (FA) and principal components analysis (PCA) is that FA attempts to find “unobserved variables” (factors) in a set of original variables, whereas PCA transforms the existing variables into several new variables (components) (Field, 2013, sec. 17.3.0-17.3.2; Warner, 2013, p. 830). Therefore, in...

Natural Selection and Evolution Impact on Health

Introduction: Natural Selection Natural selection has helped humans identify the most crucial areas that impact genetic adjustment to the environment (Vasseur and Quintana-Murci 596). With the assistance of evolution, it is possible to forecast the engagement of different genes in human illnesses. Much progress has been made in genetic investigations...

Statistics: Dummy and Orthogonal-Coded Regression

Introduction The current paper provides the results of two multiple regressions performed on the same data but using different types of coding of dummy variables: dummy coding and orthogonal coding. After the description of the data file and after testing the regressions’ assumptions, the research questions, hypotheses, and the alpha...

Self-Reflexivity: Body Ritual Among the Nacirema

Self-reflexivity is considered the highest stage of knowledge (Popoveniuc, 2014). Therefore, to understand the peculiarities of research, it is necessary to apply the concept of self-reflexivity. Realizing biases and viewpoints of other cultures will help me to apply cultural relativism to my work. When analyzing the sources used for my...

Statistical Science: T-Test Procedure

Various Forms of the t-Test A t-test is a procedure utilized to assess whether the means of two measurements statistically differ from one another. The independent samples t-test is employed when it is needed to choose samples from two different populations; the populations have a common variable but may differ...

Application of T-Tests and F-Tests

Application of t-Tests A research question that can be addressed by using an independent samples t-test about the area of General Psychology is as follows: “Are married couples (both spouses aged 18-25) that have no children and live separately from their parents have fewer quarrels than those married couples (both...

Unit VIII Project: Group Meeting

I have recently attended a group meeting in my community, which aimed at the discovery of the necessity of the vegetation in the area. In this instance, the group consisted out of six members, and I could freely observe their interactions. The primary goal of this assignment is to conduct...

Qualitative Study: Case Study Methodology

Selecting Methodologies Qualitative studies focus on trends and meanings, opinions, and attitudes. One of the most common and very effective methodologies is the case study. The case study concentrates on the investigation of a phenomenon, including but not confined to an individual, a program, class, a group of people (Lichtman,...

Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research

How Does a Research Problem/Question Guide the Determination to Conduct a Quantitative versus a Qualitative Research Study? The description of a specific research problem or how a research question is formulated defines the selection of the study design since the nature of the analysis is encoded in the research question...

Evidence Value and Research Design

It is important to determine the validity and reliability of the research instruments when reading a research study. How does the validity and reliability of an instrument influence the credibility of the study and the value of the evidence? When carrying out research, one must make sure that the value...

Characteristics and Geopolitical Significance of Russia

One of the most notable characteristics of today’s geopolitical situation in the world is that, as time goes, Russia becomes ever more potent in both: economic and political senses of this word. In its turn, this causes the U.S. and its allies a great deal of concern – the West...

Characteristics of Central Asia

Chapter number two by Cummings called “The Region of Central Asia” explores the characteristics of this area as a region about its political, geographical, cultural, and historical peculiarities. The area known as Central Asia consists of five former Soviet Union republics such as Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. For...

Xenobiotics and Their Biotransformation

Every day people are influenced by various chemical elements, also known as xenobiotics, which get into the organism through lungs, skin, and the digestive tract with air, food, drinks, or medicines (Denali, 2015). Some xenobiotics do not impact the human body, while most of them cause chemical reactions. As a...

Science Communication and Public Understanding

In NASA/TREK, Constance Penley proposes a “popular science” approach that engages science communication by emphasizing the importance of fantasy, entertainment, and popular culture. Choose a popular depiction of space travel – real or fictional – and discuss its significance to you in light of Penley’s approach to popular science. Use...

Students’ Ethnicity, Performance and Intelligence

The problem of discrimination in the educational setting according to the race and ethnicity factor is very controversial, and researchers are interested in discussing the presence or absence of differences in minority students’ intelligence and abilities to demonstrate the high academic performance. While focusing on this problem, it is necessary...

Training, Stress and Performance: Study Findings

People often need to work and interact in stressful environments, and it is necessary to investigate whether techniques for decreasing stress levels can help people resolve complex tasks under pressure. The research involving participants with different life stress levels is designed to determine whether specific training can affect people’s performance...

Australopithecines to Homo and “The Story of Lucy”

According to “The Story of Lucy”, did our ancestors become bipedal first and get smart later? The discovery of Lucy has revealed crucial facts proving that bipedalism came first. The remains of the skeleton presented specific anatomical features. It turned out that the upper part of Lucy’s body was apelike,...

Human Evolution. “Neanderthals on Trial” Documentary

Could Homo neanderthalensis have interbred with Homo sapiens? Neanderthals could have interbred with Homo sapiens due to the DNA evidence, their inclination to producing paintings, tools, music and pieces of jewelry. As per DNA, the Neanderthal are 99, 7 percent same to human DNA, which is one percent more than...

Statistics for Professional Psychologists

Statistics plays an important role in the professional expertise of a psychologist. It is a necessity for a psychologist to possess at least a basic understanding of statistics in order to comply with the ethical duty of competence, even if they do not use statistics in their daily work. Without...

Hotel Chain Marketing Techniques and Methodology

Overview The major reason as to why the researcher took the initiative of conducting this research was to establish the manner in which the hotel chains support their product differentiation through the use of marketing as well as social media. The exploration of hotel chains’ marketing approaches in a strategic...

Implementing Cost-Effective Stem Cell Innovation

Introduction Stem cell research is a branch of medicine that focuses on harvesting stem cells from living organisms for purpose of disease treatment (Ncbi.gov, 2010). It was first feasible in 1981 when stem cells were successfully isolated in mice; however, a breakthrough in isolating stem cells in a human was...

Teaching Evaluation Using a Mixed-Methods Analysis

Methodology The authors utilized a multiphase mixed method to examine the context-based legality (i.e. subject legality and sampling legality) and hypothesis-based legality (i.e. substantive legality, natural legality, result legality, and generalizability) of an instruction assessment instrument through evaluating learners’ views regarding features of successful institution tutors (Onwuegbuzie et al., 2007)....

Deductive and Inductive Inference

In his discussion on induction, Hume suggests that inductive argumentation is fatally flawed because it must always “argue in a circle”. In your own words, and with reference to Hume’s article, explain what you think Hume means by this In this case, Hume wants to argue that humans make inductive...

Group Discussion: Training and Development

Icebreaker To make sure that the audience is engaged with the subject matter and is ready explore the opportunities that case studies provide, one may consider inviting the participants to take an active part in the deconstruction of the phenomenon of a case study. However, apart from focusing on what...

Nottingham’s The Art Organization (TAO) Study

Executive Summary The art business contributes very much to the development of the country because of its adherence to diversity, non-profit nature, and role in nurturing the various talents. This is because the organization offers many services for prospective consumers to choose from. Indeed, the art organization (TAO) is well...

Evidence-Based Qualitative Research in Practice

Introduction The value of qualitative research in evidence-based practice includes cases when the results cannot be measured using qualitative research but observations, assessment, interviews, and reports can be processed to find out how some actions influence the patients. For example, qualitative research in evidence-based practice can help to find out...

Research Process: Developing a Scientific Hypothesis

Hypothesis is a proposed expression of experimental phenomena. A scientific hypothesis needs to be tested to qualify as a hypothesis. However, mathematically a hypothesis is referred to as an idea whose value needs assessment. Hypothesis can be used in prediction through reasoning. It can predict the result of a test...

The Nez Perce Nation and Its Development

Synopsis The Nez Perce Nation is a case study written by Berry, Grossman, and Pawiki. The case study explains the problems encountered by the people of Nez Perce. From the case study, we understand that the Nez Perce community was expelled from their land by American settlers. The authors give...

Defining Scholarly Research: Components and Research Problems

Typical components of a scholarly research report Journal articles are used widely by the scientists in their work for various reasons which include; creating awareness, teaching, and conducting research work. Over the last three decades, the number of journal articles read has significantly increased due to the steady increase in...

Modifying Natural Processes: Advantages and Disadvantages

Introduction The world is inundated by scientific innovations that are characterized by various dilemmas on whether to embrace the innovations or else retain the natural processes. Moral, environmental and legal issues arise as a result of scientific advancements in genetic and medical fields. Various advantages have arisen as a result...

Archeological Excavation of Fort James in South Dakota

Fort James lies on a huge track of land that currently belongs to a Hutterite community in South Dakota. American soldiers built Fort James in 1865 while on a mission to protect the white settlers from the Sioux Indians. The Sioux Indians started an uprising in 1862 over land payments....

Earth Science and Geographical Features

Pros and Cons of Using Fluorite in Jewelry Pros Fluorite is a semi-precious earth mineral of the family of calcium fluoride and it is part of the gemstone group of minerals. Although fluorite is a common stone that gemologists often consider unsuitable for the making of jewelry, this mineral has...

The Significance of a Standard Score: Sampling Distributions

Z-values, also known as standard scores, can be defined as the elements that allow defining whether “the number of standard deviations the original measurement is from the mean” (Brase and Brase “Normal Curves and Sampling Distributions” 62). Herein their significance lies. For the same reason the specified elements do not...

Hypothesis Testing: Meaning, Proportion and Elements

Type I and type II errors associated with hypothesis testing According to Brase and Brase, the type I error occurs when the correct null hypothesis is rejected (Brase and Brase 394). The type II error, in its turn, can be attributed to the situations when the false null hypothesis is...

The Capital Veterinarian Clinic’s Study Methods

The Capital Veterinarian Clinic (CVC) is a facility that is located in Sacramento, California, and it is oriented to providing high-quality veterinary services in the community. Currently, the organization’s hierarchy is headed by Dr. Marissa Sandoval, the Clinic Director, who supervises the operations in the CVC. The work of nine...

Geologic Time and the World Ocean: Diving a Bit Deeper

Compare the distribution of oceans between the northern and southern hemispheres. Which hemisphere has more ocean surface area than the other? Since the surface of the Earth is far from being even, the distribution of oceans is not quite equal between the two hemispheres. Taking a closer look at the...

The Link Between Cultural Artifacts and Body Systems

Artifacts People surround themselves with objects which reveal their cultural background and identity. People live in society and they are brought up by some rules and values, which are represented by numerous objects (Sole, 2011). For example, my friend has a baseball in his room. This object occupies a central...

Substances Identification and Their Chemical Properties

Describe the difference between a mixture and a compound The matter is classified as an element, mixture, or compound, which varies due to composition and separation. A compound is described as a substance, where atoms of various elements are chemically bonded by either ionic or covalent bonds to give a...

Hybrid Teaching Approach: Research Methodology

Qualitative Design Research Design and Approach In order to investigate the effectiveness of the hybrid method of teaching vis a vis face-to-face and pure online learning methods, I propose to use a research design that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative techniques. A combination of these two approaches will enable the...

Sampling Methods, Statistical Tests and Variables

The use of stratified random sampling Stratified random sampling is a method of sampling where the entire population has a particular number of elements. The entire population is divided into small manageable units. These divisions are referred to as strata. The division may be done according to age, gender, religion,...

American Cities in the “End of Suburbia” Documentary

What influence(s) did industrialization have on urbanization? As American society shifted from being a mainly agricultural society into one dependant on the industrial production of goods and associated services, the influence of this was felt in other aspects of the economy, as well. Notable among these was the situation in...

India’s and Pakistan’s Physiography and Politics

India and Pakistan in terms of religion, politics, and physiography There are several regions in South Asia; geographically, India and Pakistan belong to different regions (Blijde et al 271). While Pakistan belongs to the West region of the realm, India occupies the peninsular territory and the most mainland. Pakistan is...

Afghanistan’s Location as a Cause of Conflicts

It is possible to say that the history of the emergence of Afghanistan and its physical location has become the prerequisites for the “troubles” that take place on the territory. Afghanistan emerged as a “buffer” state that separated the territories of interest of Russia and Britain (Blijde et al 265)....

Africa’s Size and Colonization as Development Factors

The size of Africa as its development factor Africa is the second largest continent in the World after Eurasia; it takes about 20.4 percent of the World dry land. It is difficult for us to imagine how much 11.7 million sq mi is we may just think about 11 hours...

Friday the 13th Superstition and Consumer Behavior

How do superstitions regarding Friday the 13th affect human behavior? Data are given The number of shoppers in nine different super markets in southeast England is recorded on Friday the 13th and Friday the 6th between July 1990 and November 1992. The British department of transport is the source of...

China’s Geography and Influence in Southeast Asia

China’s population, physiography, climate, agriculture, development, and natural resources The country is well situated with good geography and climate that can support the farming activities, exploitation of resources, etc. China is among the most industrialized countries in the world and they continue to advance day by day. All types of...

North Africa or Southwest Asia Area Classification

There is certainly controversy about classifying the North Africa/Southwest Asia realm. In (Blijde et al), we see that there are several approaches to classifying it. First, it is defined as the “Dry World” due to its climate (230); however, the majority of people live in the territories where they have...

Tissue-Engineered Allograft Tracheal Cartilage

After serious infections, large airway defects are usually created in patients. It has been a major problem for medical experts because of the lack of adequate treatment methods. Several problems, which can be overcome by regenerative medicine, usually accompany treatment using tracheal resection. The tissue engineering techniques need a combination...

Mustang Cars’ Convertible and Price Regression Analysis

Convertible variable’s influence on asking price for used Mustang cars Scatter plot The initial assessment of the relationship between two variables is done by the pictorial representation of a scatter plot. The scatter plot for our data will be not similar to the ordinary one as the independent variable is...

Polymers Crystallization and Contributing Factors

Section – A. Polymers Structural factors that promote the crystallization of polymers are the following. Structural Regularity A polymer with a regular structure is more likely to crystallize as the ordering of the molecules is easier in that case. A polymer with an irregular structure will not crystallize. Stereoregularity This...

Lifecycles of a Typical Fern and a Typical Conifer

Life cycle of a typical fern A typical fern is homosporous meaning that it produces a single type of spore which looks and spreads like a seed. In nature, spores have single cells containing only one copy of each chromosome (haploid). In its breeding site, the spore develops into gametophyte...

Flora of Earlier Geologic Periods

The “Rhyniophyte Flora” and the “Coal Age Flora” The rhyniophytes which has completely extinct comprises of the earliest vascular land plants. It is only known from its fossils and helps in understanding the origin plants. It existed 450 million years ago and once formed a dominants species of the Devonian...

Evolution, Prehistory, and Physical Anthropology

Globalization can be described as a two-edged sword. How does it foster growth and destruction simultaneously? Globalization is a process which becomes more and more widespread nowadays. With the development of different means of transport and different communications tools, it becomes easier and easier for globalization to become more important....

Using Data to Generate Linear Regression for Forecasting

Forecasting is a term used in economics to mean the estimation of the future state or position of a variable or a set of variables. Forecasting normally comes in handy in times of planning and making decisions for the organization about the variables in question. For instance, it could be...

Building Environment and Analyzing Methodologies

There is no use denying the fact that the current stage of the development of science could be described as unique. The fact is that nowadays there are many various spheres studied by a great number of scientists to understand some regularities of their functioning and obtain knowledge that might...

Genetic Interference in Caenorhabditis Elegans

What is the authors’ question? The authors were determined to find out the causative factor for the manifestation of interference. What is their hypothesis? The interfering RNA populations are those that have double-stranded character. What did they do to test their hypothesis? They produced a batch with purified single-stranded RNA...

Popular American Beer in Statistical Data Analysis

Executive Summary This paper supplies the results of a descriptive statistical analysis of data related to 71 best-selling brands of beer in the U.S. in 2007. The data is comprised of information about alcohol percentage, the number of calories, and the number of carbohydrates (in grams) per 12 ounces of...

Metrology Experiment with Measurement Tools

Abstract Objectives and Scope The purpose of the experiment concerned testing the efficacy of the measurement tools such as the Vernir caliper, a depth gauge, a micrometer, and a gauge in an uncertainty analysis. The scope of the investigation was restricted to the analysis of the measurement results. Method The...

Genetics and Autism Development

Introduction Within the past two centuries, many researchers have been investigating the role of genetics in the development of various medical conditions. Such studies are taken seriously in an attempt to deal with different diseases and transform the lives of many people. One of the illnesses believed to be associated...

Analysis of A-Cat Corporation’s Sales Forecast

Statistical Tools and Methods Working on the development of sales forecast for a company is essential for the further identification of the strategies, which the organization in question views as crucial for attracting new customers and increasing its profitability rates (Roberts & Russo, 2014). In order to address the situation...

Exposed to Toxins: Lead Poisoning

Family Profile The targeted family has three members. These members include John, Magdalene, and Jackson. John is the head of this family. Every family member has a unique health profile. Medical practitioners should always examine the health statuses of their patients (Kacew & Lee, 2013). This approach will produce the...

An Appalachian Mountain Ecology

Introduction Mountaintop removal afflicts Appalachia in many ways featuring both positive and negative repercussions. Mining is the only economic activity in the entire community in eastern Kentucky. Reece points out that “the mountains are situated eastern Kentucky, one of the poorest places in the country, where coal mining has been...

New Planet in the “Interstellar” Film

Introduction The film, Interstellar, presents a view of a new planet that might be habitable to human beings. This reflective treatise attempts to review the aspects of this planet that may sustain human life. Specifically, the paper examines its atmosphere, size, age, and distance to the sun. The essay also...

Japan’s Geography, Culture, Religion, Politics

History of Japan Historians believe strongly that human beings have lived in Japan for thousands of years. The country is an island located in the Pacific Ocean. The nation is characterized by imperial places, shrines, dense cities, and mountains. The capital city of the country is Tokyo and is known...

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins’ Properties

Introduction The protein evolution rate and mechanisms are one of the crucial questions in evolutionary biology. It was estimated that this rate depends on the protein’s functional constraints. Modern methods of investigation, in particular, amino acid sequence, provide an opportunity to examine the dependence of protein functions on its primary...

Biases Against Female African American Researchers

Qualitative studies equip researchers with a valuable bulk of knowledge on various aspects of human life. At the same time, this kind of research is often associated with a considerable degree of bias due to its interpretive nature (Christensen & Brumfield, 2010). Although researchers try to remain as neutral as...

Bioethics and Human Gene Manipulation

Topic Description The proposed research will be strongly focused on the problems of bioethics. In particular, the major element of the research will be the exploration of the issues in genetic analysis and manipulations that are practiced by contemporary scientists. The research will aim at the discovery of the ethical...

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Bacteria

Introduction Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important biomolecules in maintaining the health of living organisms. Therefore, they are known as essential fatty acids. However, animals cannot produce PUFAs because they lack some of the enzymes required for their biosynthesis. As a result, there is an increased interest in PUFA production...

Research Approach: Qualitative vs. Quantitative

The choice of the research approach is an important decision because it determines further validity and reliability of the study results. The selected approach, qualitative or quantitative, defines the research design, methods of data analysis, and generalizability of the results. Quantitative research is usually more formal, objective, and applies a...

Hydrocarbon Resources Estimation and Forecast

Introduction Estimation of oil reserves is important to the oil industry. It allows for future planning for fields, companies and countries. All these levels require a basis for assessing the value of a production through development of standards for determining volumes of reserves. By using probable, possible and proved reserve...

“Human Cloning” by Rudolf Jaenisch

Introduction This reading summary essay focuses on the reading “Human Cloning – The Science and Ethics of Nuclear Transplantation” by Rudolf Jaenisch. Summary Jaenisch discusses ethical and scientific challenges associated with human cloning and the application of somatic-cell nuclear transfer to develop a child or ‘reproductive cloning’ (Jaenisch, 2004). He...

NDA-RWMD Geosphere Characterisation Project

Summary of the Report This is a critical appraisal of the NDA RWMD Geosphere Characterisation Project. The critical appraisal involves a thorough assessment of a report paper to determine the focus or objectives of the study, validity, and reliability of the study methods, the validity of results and generalization of...

Antimicrobial Therapy: Types of Antimicrobial Agents and Their Effects on Microorganisms

Introduction Microbial infections can pose a severe threat to the life and health of a person. The critical task of healthcare professionals is to choose the most optimal medications that will fight the disease without exposing a patient to unnecessary harm. Very often, this task requires extensive research and testing....

Space Telescope Science Institute Presentation

Introduction This paper presents a reflection on the presentation hosted by the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). The event provided insight into the process that takes place between the scientific idea and Hubble press releases. The presentation allowed me to learn a lot about the phases of Hubble observation, as...

Sampling Strategies for Social Sciences Study

The Organizational Assessment Study leader should implement sampling strategies which Iwamoto, Crews, & Coe Company could use to collect the data they require. The data sampling strategies include the following: Probability Based Sampling Strategies Simple Random Sampling Methods In simple random sampling techniques, each component of the population is given...

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment Statistics

Summary Promising research shows that a new treatment will delay the progression of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. With the new treatment, here are the number of months by which progression of ALS is delayed: 3, 5, 6, 6, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 10, 11, 45 With the old treatment, the...

Naturalistic Inquiry and Qualitative Study

One of the distinctive features of the naturalistic inquiry is its focus on the context (Patton, 2014). This type of qualitative research is often associated with working in the field. Clearly, context is the key component of the research. Therefore, the theme that is the most persistent when considering the...

Long-Term Space Travel and Psychological Issues

The exploration of space is one of the strategic goals humanity is likely to focus on in the nearest future. Astronauts have traveled to the Moon and have spent months during quite lasting spaceflights. It has been acknowledged that long-term space travel is associated with various adverse psychological effects (Anderson,...

Acoustics Experiment in Brunel’s Thames Tunnel

In this project, tunnels that exist below London streets for a variety of communications, civil defense, and military purposes will be used as the objects of the experiment. This particular site is chosen in order to test and experiment with the different aspects of human senses and in particular the...

Geography: Knowledge of Place and Its Sources

To acquire knowledge about a place, a person needs time and local expertise. Books, maps, and the scientific background will not help much. The knowledge, however, can be obtained from men and women residing near this place. They can tell about what they feel about this site, how they express...