Chapters 6-12 of A Short History of Reconstruction

A Critical Analysis of the Book: Chapters 6-12 According to Eric Foner, the Republicans wanted most of the southern states to join their party. These Republicans used powerful blueprints in order to empower many ex-slaves in the south. This scenario led to the Radical Reconstruction. During the same period, many...

History and Impacts of Nationalism

Nationalism is a divisive issue. World history has plenty of examples of positive and negative effects of nationalism, and its implications are often contradictory. This paper explores the impacts of nationalism and its origins. Introduction Nationalism is considered to be a political principle which is based on the idea of...

Consequences of World War I and World War II

The full-scale wars experienced in World War 1 (WW1) and World War II (WWII) caused social, political, and economic consequences. The two episodes of WWI and WWII were deeply connected since the former caused the latter. The World Wars completely changed society, causing significant social, economic, and political negative impacts....

Women’s Position in the Abbasid Era

The accession of the Abbasids led to the break of the Arabian east and west. The new dynasty tried to imitate the Persian way of life: they accepted and inserted in their life customs and achievements of Iranian kings, translated a great number of Persian literature into the Arabic language....

Ibn Munqidh’s Opinion About the Franks

Introduction The autobiography of Usamah Ibn Munqidh, a Muslim warrior and courtier, includes excerpts from his encounters with the Franks. A multidimensional view is presented through the descriptions of his various experiences with the Franks. Generally, the author’s opinion of the ethnic group was based on ideas of their ignorant...

Agriculture and Food in Ancient Greece

Introduction The great majority of the global food supply is produced through agriculture. Many countries have practiced farming for thousands of years. Although Ancient Greece is known for its contribution to politics and philosophy, it was also an agricultural hub for some of its oldest crops. Greece’s terrain has long...

Maria Montessori’s Work and Impact

Early childhood education (ECE) plays a crucial part in today’s society, as it lays the foundation for children’s further development on their path to adulthood. Modern approaches and practices are primarily based on fundamental works by ECE pioneers. Maria Montessori was one of the people who had a significant influence...

The Getty Kidnapping: Ransom, Resolution, and Aftermath

Background of the Case The case under consideration is one of the most discussed kidnapping stories of the twentieth century. The case roots back to July 10, 1973, when 1-year-old John Paul Getty III was kidnaped by Italian criminals in Rome. The people who organized the crime were the members...

“The African Experience” by Vincent Khapoya

Introduction Many scholars have advanced various schools of thought in their search for real reasons that could help resolve the question that has lived with us for centuries of what could be responsible for the continued economic, social and political backwardness of the African continent. Khapoya undertook to analyze the...

The Trial of Joan of Arc

Have you ever wondered exactly who this Joan of Arc was and what she did so that she became so famous? You hear people mention her name but have you really ever read her story? Some people say that Joan of arc was killed unfairly and claim that she was...

The Great Depression: Causes, Effects, and Path to World War II

Introduction The Great Depression was a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. It was the most prolonged and severe economic depression in modern history, resulting in many countries’ economies falling and the rise of totalitarian regimes. The Great Depression was a significant economic shock that had far-reaching consequences,...

The American Revolutionary War (1775-1783): Its Causes and Significance

Introduction The United States of America could not have become the superpower that it is without engaging in fierce battles, resisting British colonial rule, and rebelling against oppression. The Revolutionary War (1775-1783) is one of the defining moments in American history as it led to American independence through the expulsion...

Pericles’ Contribution to Athens’ Development

Pericles’ Accomplishments The history of Ancient Greece remembers many names of great philosophers, artists, and military leaders. One of them was Pericles, the outstanding public figure, orator, and leader of the Athenian regiments. He became famous as the founder and supporter of ancient democracy, and due to his accomplishments, Pericles...

American History “Through Women’s Eyes” by Dubois & Dumenil

For women, slavery was one of the most difficult and cruel periods in history. African-American women were deprived rights and freedoms. Certainly, resistance to the institution of slavery required mothers to protest the habitual violation of an ideologically sanctified relationship–in effect, a matter of insisting upon the enslaved woman’s right...

The History of Finland

Introduction After reading the above book I was able to learn a lot about Finland. The author discusses in detail every topic in the book. The author also uses layman’s language to put across facts about Finland. The following were some of the things I was able to learn from...

Mikhail Gorbachev’s 1988 UN Speech and Its Importance

Why did Gorbachev choose the United Nations as his forum? Mikhail Gorbachev’s speech to the United Nations (UN) of 1988 is believed to have paved the way for the improvement of the US-Soviet relations during the Cold War. Although the remarkable speech was mainly focusing on the strained relationships arising...

The Navajo Indians: Native American Studies

Introduction The Navajo Indians are Native Americans who live in states such as New Mexico, Utah, and Arizona. In early history, the Navajo were hunters and gatherers. The tribe also adopted crop and livestock farming as means of obtaining food. Crop production involved cultivation of corn, beans, and Squash. After...

Analysis of the Book “The History” by the Venerable Bede

An Overview History is one of the most popular books written by the Venerable Bede. The text is known to different people by several titles. It is known as Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum, The Ecclesiastical History of the English People, and Bede’s History. The book not only explores the religious...

“The Space Traders” by Derrick Bell

In his short story The Space Traders, Derrick Bell puts forward a very disconcerting argument about American society. In particular, he constructs a hypothetical situation in which American community is asked to hand over every black person living in the country in return for gold and technologies that can help...

History and Role of the Money

Introduction Money is any commodity or token that serves as a medium of exchange that is legally and socially acknowledged in payment for services and goods and in the disbursement of debts. Money serves as a store of value and as a standard of value for determining the comparative worth...

The Cold War: Background and Impact

Introduction The Cold War, while being a notion highlighting geopolitical tension rather than direct aggression, was the phenomenon that impacted the current world. Namely, two great world powers, the United States and the Soviet Union were both interested in having the most significant influence on global nations. However, the differences...

Examples of Extreme Unity and Division in US History

It is possible to distinguish several periods in the history of the United States characterized by marked manifestations of unity and division. This country’s history includes various determinative historical events such as revolutions, wars, and crises. A significant number of historical processes in the United States are related to internal...

Aspects of Prerequisites for Industrialization

Introduction Industrialization refers to shifting a country or state’s economy from a dependence on agriculture to manufacturing. In the Western world, industrialization is most frequently linked to the late 18th-century start of the Industrial Revolution in Europe and the ensuing surge of industrialization in the United States throughout the 19th...

The Causes and Effects of the Civil Rights Movement

Introduction “The time is always right to do what is right,” said Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., one of the most famous civil rights leaders. His words expressed the hopes of many people for justice, fairness, and equal opportunity for African Americans. The civil rights movement in the 1950s and...

The Renaissance Period and the World Today

The Renaissance Period The renaissance period was a time in history when politics, science, philosophy, and arts came to the forefront. This period began in Italy in the 14th century and lasted until the 17th century. During the renaissance period, people valued knowledge and the ability to reason. People were...

The Origin and Characteristics of the National Anthems

Almost every nation has its hymn, which is a sign of patriotism. The national anthem is interpreted as a solemn song adopted as a symbol of state and social unity, performed on all official occasions. It is sung primarily at formal celebrations, events, ceremonies, and rituals; during its performance, it...

Successes and Failures From Reconstruction Through Progressive Era in America

Introduction From the 1890s to the 1920s, the United States’ history faced an era of intense social and political change aimed at making progress toward a better society by solving problems in many areas such as the economy, education, labor, politics, environment, and transportation. This era came after the Reconstruction,...

The Historical Evolution of the International Community

Introduction The emergence of international community is linked to the treaty of Westphalia of 1648 which was signed following the thirty year war and which created the modern states. Westphalia treaty relegated the position of the church in the society and helped in the disintegration of established European empires and...

The Letters of Richard Frethorne About New World

The letters of Richard Frethorne, an indentured servant in 17th century Virginia, painted an unflattering picture of colonial America of that time. They presented the lives of destitute workers in the New World in the worst possible light. In the letters which were addressed to his parents Frethorne wrote about...

Effects of the French Revolution

Introduction During the late-eighteen century, colonial North America experienced the changing effect of the American Revolution, which gave birth to the modern nation-state regime. The emergence of the government enabled the attainment of the independence of states and resulted in the adoption of a written constitution, with the creation of...

The Gold Coast: The Impact of British Imperialism

The era of colonialism and the related policy of imperialism were associated with the emergence, existence, and development of considerable empires, the main goal of which was foreign policy expansion. Among these empires, the most essential and exceptional place is occupied by the British colonial system. Thus, British imperialism manifested...

The Causes of the American Civil War

Introduction The Civil War (1861-1865) was one of the most significant events in American history that paved the way for future generations to live in ways that were unimaginable a few years later. It preserved the unity of the nation, gave a much-needed boost to the American economy, and turned...

Racial Discrimination in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass

In this story, Douglass narrates the experiences he had as a slave before escaping to New York. He was born in slavery and remembered the name of his mother as Harriet Bailey. At a very tender age, he was able to realize that he was different from his White peers....

Mongol Invasion and Its Effects on Russia

Introduction The impacts of the Mongol conquests have been discussed by many researchers who study medieval societies. The territory of the modern-day Russia was a part of the Golden Horde, and this control had profound implications for the development of this state as well as other countries such as Ukraine...

Battle of AlQadisiyyah and Its Place in the History of the Region

Introduction The battle of AlQadisiyyah is considered to be one of the most important events in the history of the Middle East of the VII century. The battle of AlQadisiyyah represented the decisive battle in the military expansion of the Arabians. It had taken place nearby Qadisiyyah, the medieval city...

Motherhood and Wifehood in Chopin’s The Awakening

Social Roles of Motherhood The beginning of the twentieth century saw both immense economic expansion and profound social change, as seen by the birth of historic technologies such as the production lines and aircraft. The industrialized 1800s catapulted certain affluent Americans into the rising middle class, making the American Dream...

Compare and Contrast Louisiana with US Constitution

The Louisiana Constitution is a 1974 legal document cornerstone of the state’s law. In this case, the legal document ensures the protection of the rights of people in the state of Louisiana, and it describes power distribution among the local government and state officials. On the other hand, the US...

Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Main Achievements

Introduction Franklin D. Roosevelt was the only US president to be elected 4 times in a row. Therefore, his presidency lasted a long period – from 1933 to 1945. Not surprisingly, the politician’s reforms were generally perceived as successful. The most important achievements of Franklin D. Roosevelt were the development...

The Role of Women in the Industrial Revolution

Introduction The nineteenth century was a period of development: more and more machines, means of communication, and movement. The growth in science and technology led to industrialization and changes in familiar roles in society. The problem of changing roles affected women to a greater extent, which is associated with established...

Women in Ancient Greece and India: Statuses, Roles, Life

Introduction Women who made their way into the history of antiquity are associated with greatness and deities. They are represented by vivid images of goddesses who tried to help people and were merciful. The goddesses were beautiful and statuesque; the antique statues and Indian frescoes are striking in their elegance....

Pope Urban II Speech at Council of Clermont, 1095

According to Halshall in his Medieval Sourcebook, he represents the Pope’s speech in 1095 at Clermont; Urban had an appeal to a crusade where he addressed to the Christians; the Church leaders and members from all walks of life. During his speech, Urban addressed his audience as he delivered what...

Demand for Labor in the Middle Colonies

Due to the increasing rise in the demand for labor during the colonization era, the use of slavery increased exponentially to meet the specified demand in the Middle Colonies and the Colonies of the South. In contrast, the Chesapeake Colonies continued to focus on using indentured servants. The process of...

Mary Wollstonecraft’s and Virginia Woolf’s Works Review

The process of gaining basic rights, including the right to be seen as equal to men and the right to be entitled to the same range of freedoms and opportunities that men have has been excruciatingly difficult for women. Although the presence of gender stereotypes and the resulting discrimination against...

Colonization of South East Asia

Introduction During the 16th and 17th century Europeans were able to penetrate South East Asia. In the process they were able to control the international trade of the region1. The profits that were accrued from the exercise were taken back to Europe. These profits were responsible for the high level...

Christopher Columbus and 16th-Century Imperialism

Introduction Imperialism refers to the process by which powerful nations control weaker nations by influencing or controlling their culture, politics, and economy (Meltzer, p.4). There are various factors that contributed to imperialism but the main cause of imperialism is economic expansion. In ancient times, powerful nations could send armies to...

Umayyad Islamic Empire: Differences Between the Umayyad and the People They Conquered

Introduction The Islamic community has been dwelling on a patriarchal familial arrangement since time immemorial, and these cultural norms have influenced their societal behaviors. Perhaps such cultural norms may have come from the ancient kingdom leadership structures that dominated the Muslim creed for several decades. The Umayyad Caliphates were the...

Jules Ferry’s Speech “On Colonial Expansion”

Introduction Jules Ferry’s speech on “On Colonial Expansion” from 1884 addresses his thoughts on the need for imperial expansion of France. His speech covers a variety of arguments for expansion from economic to military ones. It outlines the issues that he believes need to be solved through imperial expansion and...

Women’ Role in United Arabs Emirates in the Past 20 Years

Introduction There has been a continuous change in the role of women in the United Arabs Emirates (UAE) in the past 20 years. In essence, the UAE has developed its women to the point of becoming the leading nation in women empowerment across the Arab countries. Although the UAE was...

Contrasting Civil Rights Strategies of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X

Introduction Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X are the most well-known advocators of Black civil rights in America. However, despite relatively similar goals and experiences, they used completely different approaches to achieve racial justice. Martin Luther King Jr. promoted peaceful strategies to convey that White and Black people should...

Slavery’s Legacy: Economic and Social Impacts on Modern African American Rights and Society

Introduction Slavery was embodied in our history and became one of the most bitter and irreparable dark periods. Starting from the principle of dividing people into citizens and “non-citizens”, slavery lasted until the end of the fifteenth century. America has suffered greatly from this history and tragedy. Slavery had consequences...

The Portrayal of the Roman Emperor Commodus: Annotated Bibliography

Abbey, Ettal. Historia Augusta. 117. The primary source that is relevant to the topic is The Historia Augusta, a collection of biographies of Roman emperors written during the late 4th century CE. The section on Commodus provides insight into his reign and character, as well as the political and social...

“Crossing Over From Advocacy to Narrative” by Samantha Power

Storytelling can be a potent tool in spreading awareness about a social or moral issue. Thus, in “Crossing over from advocacy to narrative”, Samantha Power (2007), aims to focus readers’ attention on the issue of genocide. Using the example of this work, conclusions can be drawn about how to write...

World War II-Occupations: What New Jobs Were Created?

Introduction Occupations in the Civil Activity In the United States, President Franklin D. Roosevelt claimed that the contributions of civilians to support the military forces by self-commitments were important. He compared their commitment to equal the troops’ sacrifice in the allied victory (Crosby 6). Women participated in military conflict activities...

Galileo Galilei as a Key Influencer of Scientific Revolution

Introduction Galileo Galilei was an astronomer, mathematician, and natural philosopher from Italy who made significant contributions to material strength, scientific method innovation, and motion sciences. The scientist was born in Pisa, Italy, on 15th February 1554 and died in the Arctic near Florence on 8th January 1642. The signaled start...

The Battle of Thermopylae: Herodotus’ and Frank Miller’s Depictions

Herodotus’ reliability as a historian, whose narration of the Battle at Thermopylae has been investigated for centuries, might be validated by several proofs. Firstly, the time when the battle took place was the time when the historian lived, which implies that Herodotus was a witness of the described events and...

The Maya Civilization History

Historians who are always keen to define what had become of the ancient Maya civilization understand that the Mayans who established their city-states deep within the jungle strived to build complex structures under the guidance of their highly decisive rulers. At the height of the ancient Maya civilization, the Mayans...

The Seven Voyages of Chinese Admiral Zheng He

Introduction Admiral Zheng He, China’s ultimate sea captain, was born and bred in the countryside in a household of glorious Muslims around 1371. When his predecessor was killed, he was taken as a prisoner, beginning the incredible journey of switching identities upon which he would embark. In the 1400s, Zheng...

Political Changes in the Soviet Union and South Africa in the 1980s-90s

Introduction The paths of the formation of the statehood in the USSR and South Africa in the 1980s and early 1990s were different, although both powers adhered to similar principles of reform movements. The collapse of the Soviet Union marked the ineffectiveness of the government’s measures to strengthen the political...

Mexican Revolution in “The Underdog” by Mariano Azuela

The Underdog is a novel by Mariano Azuela that reflects on the experiences and historical background of the Mexican Revolution. It also focuses on the political and personal devastation of people who took part in the rebellions and struggles against the established order. The military conflict has been brightly illustrated...

The Blizzard of 1888: What Made It So Murderous?

January 12, 1888, became a fateful day for about 235 residents of the American prairie. On that warm winter day, a sudden onset of snowstorm caught many people outside of their houses. Most of these people were immigrants from Europe who came to America in search of a better life....

The History and Overview of French Revolution

Overview The French revolution is perhaps the most significant event not only in the history of France but also in the whole of Europe. The revolution represents the transition to liberty and freedom for the Frenchmen. This can be traced from the fact that France had been ruled by monarchs...

The Fall of the Roman Empire

Rome was not built in one day; so too, the mighty Roman Empire did not fall in a day – it covered hundreds of years. Why did Rome fall? Just like the human body is inevitably subject to growth, decay, and death it is the same with nations. History is...

The Era of Good Feelings

Introduction The beginning of the 19th century was marked by the differences of opinions among the political parties. The War of 1812 served as the major ground that made America assert a new feeling of nationalism: people had a considerable need to take the steps, which could improve the relations,...

The History of Gaius Julius Caesar

Introduction Julius Caesar’s determination and political savvy allowed him to rise to the head of the crumbling Roman Republic. Caesar amassed a great deal of power and popular support and single-handedly ruled Rome for years. However, some members of the Senate feared that Caesar’s autocratic rule would destroy any possibility...

Confucianism as Foundation of Chinese Civilization

Introduction Ever since the conception of the Chinese civilization, its core beliefs, values, and structures have been attributed to the philosophy of Confucianism. It is considered one of the most influential systems that have a significant impact on the opinions of the country’s leaders and, subsequently, the economic and social...

Homicide Perception in Ancient Greece and Rome

In the ancient world, both in Rome and Greece, human life was not considered sacred; therefore, murder and cruelty were widespread. The notions of justifiable and unjustifiable homicide have been significantly different from the way people see it nowadays. The purpose of this essay is to consider how citizens of...

Patriots Versus Rebels: Confederates and Colonists

Confederates and Colonists The Confederate States of America consisted of seven states in the Lower South region determined to protect the slave industry through secession from the other states (Lesh, & Finkelman, 2008). Unlike the colonists that were interested in preserving the unity of America and the protection of human...

American Revolution in Jonathan Boucher’s View

Review From Jonathan Boucher, A View of the Causes and Consequences of the American Revolution (1775). The document provides the audience with the position of Jonathan Boucher regarding the situation in America as of 1775. Being an Anglican minister, Boucher was also known as one of the rampant loyalists who...

French and English Colonies Comparison in the North America

The colonization of North America continent has a turbulent and contradictory history. For more than three centuries the seekers for new lands, better life and adventures had explored the continent brought dramatic changes into lives of indigenous Indian people. French and English colonists were among those Europeans who influenced the...

Historical Figures: The Book “Two Lives of Charlemagne“

Introduction The book Two lives of Charlemagne gives account of Charlemagne’s life through the eyes of two authors Einhard and Nokter the Stammerer. Lewis Thorpe further edited the book. Charlemagne was a medieval ruler and is considered one of the most dynamic and powerful kings in the history. He ruled...

The Cold War and Decolonisation History

The Cold War and decolonisation were global occurrences, and even though each event occurred independently, they ended up overlapping with time. In this context, the Cold War underscores the underlying conflict and tension between the United States and the Soviet Union starting from 1947. On the other side, decolonisation denotes...

French Intervention in the American Revolution: Key Contributions and Impact

Introduction The American Revolution happened between the years 1775 and 1783. The Revolution involved the United States, France, Great Britain, Spain, and the Netherlands. However, the countries that played a major role in the Revolution were France, Great Britain, and the United States. Initially, the insurgency involved the Americans who...

Napoleon Bonaparte: Military Genius or Fortuitous Leader?

Introduction Napoleon Bonaparte is an unlikely historical figure, achieving extraordinary success despite his humble roots in a lowly noble family with limited prospects. Exceeding his poor beginnings, he showed tenacity in rising from extreme poverty to great wealth, and he defied all predictions by becoming Emperor. Consequently, his story continues...

The Evolution of Freedom and Equality in American History (1492-1860)

Introduction The terms “freedom” and “equality” have been repeatedly tested and reinterpreted throughout American history. The meanings changed with time, from the first colonial settlements to the precipice of the Civil War. Freedom went through a period of profound change between 1492 and 1860. Beginning in the early colonies and...

Life of Women in Classical India and China

The living conditions of men and women have historically differed in different parts of the world. This difference is especially noticeable in the example of the Classical Era, when each gender was assigned its duties and rights. That is why it is essential to find where women had more comfortable...

“What’s Wrong with Equal Rights for Women?” by Phyllis Schlafly

In the early 1970s, the feminist movement sought greater recognition and representation for women in society. However, only some people shared the same view on the issue. In the assigned excerpt from the document, “What’s Wrong with Equal Rights for Women?” Phyllis Schlafly, a conservative political activist, offered her critique...

Julius Caesar, the Dictator of the Roman Empire

Julius Caesar was one of the most famous rulers of Rome who became a dictator of the Roman Empire. However, his rule was shortened by the assassination of Caesar by his rivals. Julius Caesar was a man who was capable of many things due to the fact that he was...

Women’s Rights in the Ottoman Empire

Introduction The topic of women’s rights prior to the 20th century has been a very concerning one, requiring a significant amount of nuance and context. Certainly, a part of that topic is misrepresented by specific stereotypes. The Ottoman Empire has been perceived by many as a very constricting location, however,...

The Roman and Mongol Empires: Comparative Analysis

The Roman Empire lasted ten centuries, and the length and extent of this reign made it difficult to trace how the civilization started and ended. Since it was an ancient Rome post-republican period, the polity comprised large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in North Africa, Europe, and Western Asia...

Great Depression: Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt

The Great Depression was a major economic downturn in American history in the 1930s, which affected the entire globe. The primary cause was the burst of the stock market bubble, which led to its crash. It took place during Herbert Hoover’s presidency, which started in 1929. During his presidency, he...

Chinese Empire, Qin Dynasty and Its Founder

Founder of the Empire The Qin dynasty was founded by Qin Shi Huang, which is shown in the figure image below. Reasons Why the Empire Was Established Qin Shin Huang focused on improving the political power and the economy of Qin. Therefore, the significant reasons why the empire was established...

Mansa Musa: The Emperor of the Mali Empire

Mansa Musa is famed for having been the wealthiest person ever to live. Musa ruled the Mali Empire during his time, which spread to The Gambia, Senegal, and the Western Sahara border (Cowling & Hamilton, 2020). Musa oversaw an empire rich in gold and copper and monopolized business between North...

Cyrus the Great: A Critical Review of a Historical Figure

Introduction Since ancient times, there has been an opinion that everything in the world is cyclical and repeats itself after certain periods. Thus, the study of antiquity can provide a lot of useful knowledge about the rulers and significant persons of those times who made a contribution to history. With...

Benedict Arnold’s Leadership Traits

By his fine display of courage and military acumen, Benedict Arnold remains one of the most recognized characters from the Revolutionary War. Born in 1741, Arnold served as an American officer and general and is among the most well-known figures of the Revolutionary War. He worked as a merchant and...

The Differences in the Role Women Played in Puritan Society in Colonial Massachusetts

The evolution of women’s role in society might be traced back centuries. Some of the historical periods became more prominent than others, such as the era of Puritan communities and the rise of the Evangelical Revival. Further, the differences and similarities of women’s roles in both societies will be discussed....

European Imperialism and Its Effects on Colonies

The effects of European imperialism have been truly devastating, causing multiple smaller ethnic communities to deteriorate, as well as sending ripples through centuries and affecting the present-day landscape of political and sociocultural relationships between communities to a tremendous extent. With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, the need for expansion...

The Genghis Khan’s Conquests

Introduction The state created in the 13th century by Genghis Khan is considered the largest empire of the world by area. Despite the fact that, according to the official sources, the population under the leadership of this commander was slightly more than two million, the heyday of the Mongol state...

Miami Drug Wars of the 70s and 80s

Introduction Drug use and the resulting implications for the social, economic, and political wellbeing of the people is a subject that has raised controversies for decades. Countries like the United States of America have been plagued by drug crises and the fight against drugs is far from over. Researchers and...

Natural Resources in American History

Introduction The United States is a prosperous and economically developed country not only because of human capital but also because of the presence of natural resources within its territories. Throughout history, natural resources have played a vital role in providing the population with a means to feed themselves and serving...

The Relationships Between Church and States in Europe

Introduction The Middle Ages is a complicated time in history, which continues to attract the attention of many scholars, researchers, and philosophers. Despite the stereotyped perception of this period as dark and backward, the Middle Ages was marked by the birth and formation of many countries and notable accomplishments in...

The Ancient Pagans of Northern Europe and a Connection With Nature

The connection between the ancient pagans of northern Europe and nature is undeniable. Harvey provides the definition of paganism as such that “labels a diverse but cohesive array of religious activities and affiliations that can also be named ‘nature-centered spiritualties’ or ‘nature religions’… Pagans are people who identify themselves as...

The Black Plague and Its Social Impact

Introduction The Plague or the Black Death was the most catastrophic epidemic in the history of humanity. It devastated the populations of cities and villages and caused considerable political and social changes. Within the passing of only a few years, the population of Europe decreased by 30 to 50 percent....

Socio-Cultural Shifts in European Renaissance

The expression renaissance has the meaning of revitalization or rebirth. During this period many themes that affect human beings were re-discovered, re-made, and perfected. To make this happen there were several foremost factors. During the Middle Ages, human societies in Europe did not find time to change their ways of...

Summer of Hate Events

The year 1968 was called the Summer of Hate. This is perhaps about the series of events that rocked the United States in the year 1968. In January of that year, the US became part of a war that was between northern and southern Vietnam. At first, it was only...

Colonialism: Impacts in Latin America

Most historical archives of countries in Latin America will mention colonialism as a vital aspect in reshaping the democracy in their respective states. Colonialism comes from the Latin word Colonia, which means a country estate acquired by foreigners. Thus, McLean and MacMillan (2003) defined colonialism as “the policy and practice...

Hatshepsut, the Forgotten Queen

Introduction Hatshepsut was and still is the only female who doubled as a queen and pharaoh of Egypt. She ascended to power in 1478BC after the demise of her spouse Thutmose II. Hatshepsut became an Egyptian queen and subsequently a pharaoh at a time when no one thought that women...

Puritan New England: Letter of Samuel Mather

Childhood in Puritan New England The source under analysis is a letter which provides information needed for the comprehensive investigation of the past events and improvement of the understanding of habits and traditions of people who lived at that period. Besides, letters are often used as primary sources as they...

Princess Diana: Biography and Charity Work

Introduction A lot has been written about this lady, one of the most famous women of the 1990s. A lot of this has revolved around her life, her marriage to the royal family, her charity work, among other highlights of her life. Given this high profile focus on this lady,...

World History: Golden Age

Human existence in this world has undergone a series of ages. As one of the greatest ages of human, the golden age represents the first period of human existence, when humans flourished in various aspects. During the golden age, humans lived superb lives because they coexisted peacefully, lived in a...

Role of Women in Ancient Greece

Ancient Greek society was one of the most highly developed communities of its time. Science thrived, and so did the economy, architecture, literature, art, and many other components of any culture. On the other hand, however developed the ancient Greek society may seem, there was indeed place for certain shortcomings....

Post-War Consensus in Britain: Myth or Political Reality?

Introduction The post-war consensus dates to a time when British politics were allegedly united and cooperative. It started in 1945, following the end of the Second World War, but its conclusion is debatable; most people agree that it concluded in the 1970s. According to Featherstone (2021), a consensus is a...

McCarthyism, the Red Scare, and Post-September 11 Parallels in U.S. Policy

The Rise of Anti-Communist Persecution Seventy years ago, while delivering a speech in honor of Lincoln Day, the American Senator from Wisconsin, Joseph McCarthy, attacked the State Department employees because they were members of the Communist Party. This was the beginning of the second wave of anti-communist persecution in the...

James Hammond’s Defense of Southern Slavery in the 1845 Letters

Introduction & Identification The issue of slavery is an acute one and remains a highly sensitive topic even two hundred years after emancipation. James Hammond wrote the 1845 compilation of papers titled Letters on Southern Slavery. Hammond, the author, was a well-known South Carolina plantation owner and politician. The purpose...

Zeng Guofan and the Qing Dynasty: Leadership, Reform, and Legacy in 19th-Century China

Introduction Zeng Guofan, a Qing Dynasty statesman and military leader, left a lasting mark on East Asian history. Zeng’s life and career transpired during one of China’s most turbulent times, starting with relative imperial stability and ending with catastrophic upheaval—his narrative illuminates 19th-century China’s socio-political and cultural aspects and accomplishments....

Quality of Life Changes in Manchester in 1750-1871

Introduction Contextualization Industrialization was one of the most influential periods in human history, introducing new manufacturing technologies and significantly changing the conventional way of life. The period from 1750 to 1871 can be classified as the First Industrial Revolution, and Manchester was the world center of the ongoing transformation. This...

The Effect of Mercantilism on the American Revolution

Introduction From the birth of the nation, America has had a complex history regarding its independence from the British government. American mercantilism generally refers to the idea that the American colonies exist to support the wealth of Britain. Therefore, the British government decided to impose strict trade regulations on American...

Abina Mansah: The Unheard Heroine

Introduction The use of graphics in historical narration has evolved, leading to more people embracing the literature and exploring past events. Visual narration includes images and short conversations which tell a particular story or describe an event. Abina And the Important Men is a graphically illustrated book of Abina’s story...

Age of Exploration Analysis

Introduction The Age of Exploration was an important event witnessed in the West. This Age began in the 15th century and lasted up to the 17th century, during which the explorers used compasses to navigate around the world. Conversely, there are many reasons why the Europeans participated in exploration journeys...

Comparison of the Babylonian, Mongolian, and British Empires

Introduction A civilization can be defined as a human society that is shaped by technological and cultural development. It is a complex society that is composed of cities that have unique technological and cultural development properties. The assembly of people characterizes the beginning of civilizations. When people begin living in...

The Murder of Caesar: Brief Analysis

The murder of Caesar has remained one of the most infamous assassinations in history over centuries. It may be explained by the fact that Caesar was a powerful ruler, who managed to bring Rome to prosperity, and by the drastic consequences, this assassination led to, which ran counter to what...

Biography of Saeeda Sakina After the Battle of Karbala

Sayeda Sakina (also known as Sukayna bint Husayn) was the daughter of Prophet Mohamed’s grandson, Husayn ibn Ali. She is an important figure in the Islamic narrative. She was born in 56 AH and died between 60-61 AH at the hands of Yazid I. Her story is intricately related to...

The Irish Immigrants’ Effect on the Market Revolution in New York of the 1840-1860s

Immigration remains crucial for American society and has always taken part in the nation’s history. It is a significant event because people keep moving from one country to another, and many technological innovations, companies, or industries could not exist without immigrants who left their homes searching for a better life....

Bacon’s Rebellion as a Turning Point in the American Ideas of Race

Introduction The late 17th century was a pivotal period in American history, which marked the foundation of the institute of slavery. Bacon’s Rebellion of 1675–1676 united indentured servants and slaves against the Grandees and provoked a reaction from white elites that led to the establishment of laws separating the white...

The Long Depression of 1873-1879 in the United States

Introduction The Gilded Age was a time in American history characterized by dynamic economic growth, technological progress, widening income gap, and social and political turbulence. Despite the period’s association with economic expansion, it also saw considerable financial instability and multiple recessions that exacerbated the turmoil in other areas of society....

Annotated Bibliography: The Chicano Movement

Garcia, Héctor R. “Beholding Chicano History.” Athanor, vol. 37, 2019, pp. 53-58. This article mainly reflects Chicano history from the time that the movement emerged. One of the aspects is a period of disobedience, which is evident through the practices of the people. For instance, it was considered inhuman to...

“New South”: The Postbellum Period in the South

The New South The term “New South” is used to demark the postbellum period in the South, when the region saw a shift from a single-crop agricultural economy toward industrialization. During these years, southern states managed to diversify their economies, leveraging natural resources found in their territories. Coal mining and...

The Treaty of Versailles and the Rise of Hitler

Immediately after the end of World War 1, Germany was forced to sign the treaty of Versailles on 28 June 1919 by American allies who had immerged victorious. The Germans hated the treaty so much for having laid on them extremely harsh political and economic conditions. The three allies never...

Amelia Earhart as a Leader and Role Model

Early life of Amelia Amelia Mary Earhart (Amelia) was the first born child to Edwin Earhart and Amy Earhart. Amelia was born on 24th July in 1897 in Kansas City, America. Her challenges in life started right from childhood. Her father was not responsible at all, he was a great...

Colonial Division of Labor: Rich and Poor Nations

The problem of social inequality is deeply historically rooted. People’s being divided into poor and rich is primarily connected with the appearance of propriety and labor division. Labor division from the very beginning includes the division of working conditions – of the instruments of labor and materials, and therefore, breaking...

Suleiman I: Longest-Lived Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

Introduction Suleiman the Magnificent is referred to as Suleyman I. The leader had been assigned different names by different countries with the Turks referring to him as Suleyman; Europeans nicknamed him the Magnificent, while the Islamic world referred to him as the Lawgiver for his valuable efforts in the complete...

Exposing the Real Che Guevara by Humberto Fontova

Ernesto “Che” Guevara is described by many people as a hero and a source of inspiration to societies. T-shirts with his heroic logo are proudly worn by those who know him as a hero. Various media outlets and Hollywood actors have played a major role in trying to lionize the...

Baghdad, the Capital of the Abbasid Islamic World

Introduction The city of Baghdad is the capital of Iraq and one of the oldest Islamic cities in the world. The city has a rich history as being the center for the Muslim empire at one point in history. In the modern society, the city of Baghdad is known for...

The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain (1760-1840): Key Transformations and Impacts

The Industrial Revolution of 1760-1840 was a remarkable time that changed the world picture impressively (Stearns, 2010). During this period, progress influenced the way the society lived. Before this time, the agricultural segment was dominant, however, after the revolution several countries in Europe and the United States became industrial. Before...

Science and Technology in Shaping of the Modern World

Introduction The impact of science and technology in the modern world can be viewed from two perspectives. Firstly, the world has largely benefited in various ways through advancements that have added value to life. On the other hand, advancements in science and technology have negative the y affected the world...

India’s Transformation: Village Economy to British Colonial Impact

India was a simple subcontinent before its introduction to the West. On the eve of the British conquest of India, it was characterized by lot of disruption and economic fragmentation. The gradual downfall of the Mughal Empire during the 18th century had led to economic disintegration and the constant bouts...

The Lost City of Atlantis

This “the lost city of Atlantis” essay explores facts and myths behind the story of Atlantis. Check it out and get inspired to write your own Atlantis essay. The Lost City of Atlantis: Essay Introduction The existence of the Lost City of Atlantis has been written about by several authors...

Louis XIV’s Quest for Power, Legal Uniformity, and Religious Unity

Introduction The legendary Sun King, Louis XIV, left a lasting impression on French history with his ideal of “one king, one law, and one faith.” This adage perfectly captures his unrelenting quest for legal uniformity, religious peace, and power consolidation throughout France. To accomplish his goal, Louis XIV used a...

Economic, Social, and Political History of the Dominican Republic

Introduction The Dominican Republic is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean Sea and bordering Haiti. It is a Latin American country that was born as a Spanish colony first, and its development was heavily influenced by Spain later on. Throughout its existence, the country went...

Augustus’s Contributions to the Transition of Rome from Republic to Empire

Introduction By the first century BCE, the Roman Republic controlled large territories outside Italy. While this expansion brought wealth and power, it also resulted in social and political tensions that the Republican form of government could not handle. Although Julius Caesar tried to establish a centralized government by setting up...

Greek and Macedonian Empires of Ancient Times

Introduction The two most influential empires that helped to shape the ancient world on European land were Greece and Makedonia. The expansion of these civilizations has had a lasting and considerable impact on the formation of modern cultures and nationalities in Europe. Though the two empires were historically closely interrelated,...

A Case Study on Operation Geronimo

Operation Geronimo was commissioned by Us President Barack Obama in 2011 and aimed to kill or capture Osama Bin Laden. The US special intelligence noticed a house on the northern border of Pakistan where an Al-Qaeda courier frequented. In addition, the compound has one person who never left but was...

Australian Gold Rush and Its Implications

History is a very interesting science since it describes how people lived in the past, how the world developed and many others. Australians should learn the history of their motherland to understand what processes impacted people and the country a long time ago. The Gold Rush was one such process,...

Effects of the Vietnam War

Introduction The Vietnam War was a long-running conflict involving the South Vietnamese and North Vietnamese communists. Both warring parties had their allies who intensified the war; for instance, the primary supporters for the South Vietnamese was the U.S, while the Soviet Union and China backed the North Vietnamese communist. The...

Analysis of the French Revolution

The critical event in French history was the revolution of the 18th century. A combination of reasons made people infuriated with the situation in the country, with the local aristocracy playing a pivotal role. As a result, the events of those years caused upheavals not only in France but also...

Social Stratification in Ancient Civilizations

One of the characteristic features of the emerging civilization is social stratification or social classes. This trait represents the emergence and division of social categories according to wealth, profession, or birth group criteria. Groups formed in the society that worked and performed new essential functions. Professional warriors were now protecting...

Religious Influence in the Salem Witch Trials

Introduction The 1692 Salem Witch Trials are remembered as one of the most horrific mass hysteria cases in American history. A group of Salem citizens accused their neighbors of witchcraft, leading to the execution of 19 people (Laskaris 1). In 1953, American playwright Arthur Miller took Salem Witch Trials as...

Giles Fletcher’s “Of the Russe Commonwealth”

“Of the Russe Commonwealth” is the work Giles Fletcher written in 1591. Giles Fletcher was an English scholar and diplomat who described Russia right after the reign of Ivan IV and before the Time of Troubles. He was sent to the court of Fyodor I Ivanovich, who was a tsar...

Analysis of Ronald Reagan’s Inaugural Speech

Ronald Reagan’s inaugural speech of 1981 is a speech of recognition, namely a speech of introduction or acceptance, and an inspirational speech to a certain extent. According to Gunn (2020), such speeches should express gratitude to the community and honor it. The role of an introduction speech is “to make...

Winthrop’s “City Upon a Hill”

John Winthrop’s speech to his Puritan community is a well-known example of a person’s vision of the future. Many American scholars and politicians refer to the expressions and phrases implemented by Winthrop (Squiers, 2018). The advice presented by the Puritan leader is still relevant to this day, providing a significant...

The History of Integration in Africa in the XX Century

Countries of the African continent during the long history of being close to each other still had different levels of economic development, and, in comparison to other close continents such as Europe, remained underdeveloped. In the twentieth century, states had a significant gap in income, financial potential, transport opportunities. This...

“The History of Development” by Gilbert Rist

Chapter 11 of the book The history of development: from western origins to global faith by Gilbert Rist provides a scope of the author’s opinions on the development of the South since the very beginning of the 1990s. The whole discussion in the chapter is dedicated to the development of...

The Missouri Compromise of 1820

In the 1800s, there was a firm establishment of slavery in the USA. A number of decrees and policies had been issued to govern the activities of black people, with special attention to the differentiation between slaves and free blacks. However, along with the political aspect of slavery, there was...

Ancient Sexuality: Women and the Ancient Greek Symposium

Any study into the role of Women in the Ancient Greek Symposium must come with considerable personal speculation. A perusal of the sources in Greek history will result in a finding that Greek Women played a very, very minor role in the affairs of Greek Society. Not only was Citizenship...

Constantine the Great – His Life and Legacy

Introduction Constantine I was a Roman emperor in the years 324 to 337. The Catholics call him, Constantine The Great. His real name is Caesar Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus. He made numerous contributions to Christianity, and even if the Catholics do not recognize him as a saint, his contribution...

Louis XIV, Peter the Great, and the Great Elector

Louis xiv, considered to be the greatest king of France, ruled the country from 1638 to 1715. King Louis exercised enormous powers not only in France but on the continent of Europe too. Though he inherited power in 1638, he assumed real power after the demise of Jules Cardinal Mazarin,...

The Slavery Debate Between 1820 and 1850

Introduction The Missouri Territory acquired the statehood in 1819 and this event has laid a foundation for the new conflict over slavery issue between North and South. Congress was concerned with the issue that South would gain a representational advantage and, as a result, slavery expansion would never be stopped....

Cold War-Era’s Influence on the World

Introduction The twentieth century witnessed several major conflicts that affected the whole world. World War I and II led to the creation and destruction of entire countries, political regimes, and alliances. The events following the end of World War II (WW2) ushered the new era which gained the name of...

Slavery in Africa After European Colonization

Slavery existed among most modern societies, including African. Even before the European colonization and the onset of the slave trade, it was a part of the culture. Despite that, European slavery differed from the African variant, and the status of slaves was different as a result. In addition to that,...

Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s Domestic Policies: Transforming Japan’s Society

How did Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s domestic policies change the basic structures of society at the time? Toyotomi Hideyoshi is regarded as one of the heroic men in Japan’s history. Despite being born from a peasant family, he rose to the limelight after he destroyed the Asian clan of Omi in 1573...