2643 samples of this type
Introduction America’s criminal justice system is constantly evolving, and one of the most contentious issues today concerns bail bonds and pretrial release. With the public increasingly concerned about the potential for injustices in the criminal justice system and the government seeking to promote efficiency and control costs, the need to...
Statement of the Issue of the Case The issue of the case is whether Samuel Winship is guilty of stealing or innocent of the deed. More narrowly, the issue is whether the respondent’s deed should be considered under the ‘preponderance of evidence’ stipulation enacted in civil courts or under the...
Introduction The England and Wales court system is one of the oldest in the world, dating back to medieval times, and has, over the centuries, evolved into a complex and layered hierarchical system. Despite its complexity, the Court is an essential administrative unit and plays a vital justice role in...
Background of Piracy in the Entertainment Industry For a long time, the entertainment business has struggled with the issue of piracy. Piracy is a term used in the media and entertainment industries to describe the illegal duplication and dissemination of works protected by intellectual property laws (Bakhramovna and Bakhramovich 1132)....
Introduction Crime scenes offer potential evidence for forensic laboratory examination that can be used to understand what happened. The evidence can be biological, such as DNA from blood, fibers, drawings, photographs, and documentary evidence, such as receipts (Kumar, 2022). Various tests can be conducted to derive data from the assembled...
Introduction Dogfrey Pty Ltd is a business corporation in Australia selling consumer products, including brand-new vacuum cleaners. Richard is the organization’s salesperson who engages the eighty-three-year-old June while purchasing a new vacuum cleaner. June explains the problem she faces at home and her favorable vacuum cleaner model. Richard introduces the...
Introduction Most American states are struggling economically in the post-COVID-19 era. Such struggles are not new, given that the recession has been seriously undermining economic development. Pro-development groups insist that government projects can be used to revive the economy in selected areas. The idea was applied in Pocatello city in...
Arbitration is an Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) method that involves a third-party hearing and deciding a conflict between two parties. In contrast, litigation is a legal process of resolving disputes in a court where a judge determines the case. Arbitration is often used when parties wish to resolve their dispute...
Introduction Making laws, violating these rules, and responding to the breach of laws may be seen as the knowledge underlying crime as a social phenomenon. The primary goal of this method is to create a system that includes broad and verifiable standards and various sorts of knowledge about law, crime,...
Introduction The UCR is a program run by the FBI that collects and disseminates information on crimes reported to law enforcement agencies nationwide whereas the NCVS is a survey that the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) conducts to compile information on crime from the viewpoint of victims. Discussion The Summary...
Introduction Legal impossibility defense and factual impossibility defense are applied to defendants who are accused of unsuccessful attempts to break the law. Legal impossibility defense should be used when a person’s actions do not constitute an illegal act. Discussion According to some sources, it involves occasions when a defendant is...
Multiple social concerns impact schools by generating barriers for young people. The phenomenon highlights the vulnerability of the demographic and the importance of implementing various techniques to minimize potential risks affecting individuals in this age group. One of the concerns that require examination and confronting is juvenile crime. Juvenile crime...
Introduction Law is the unique phenomenon regulating interactions within society and guaranteeing people behave within the existing legal framework. At the same time, it serves as a tool for analyzing cases of misconduct and providing punishment to individuals who violated the law. At the same time, to be fair and...
Introduction In today’s business, zero-hour contracts are becoming more typical. However, they have come under heavy fire as a means for companies to exert more authority over their workforce. Interestingly, some research suggests that people with zero-hour contracts are more likely to experience psychological discomfort and are less prone to...
Introduction Financial accountability is a control aspect in a transactional process. This case study explores Lehman Brothers, focusing on the faults that precipitated the 2008 global financial crisis. The primary focus is the infractions of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS), and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Professional...
Introduction One of the severe challenges that most countries face today is juvenile crimes. Juvenile crimes affect not only the person who commits the crime but also the social order in any country. Currently, the world is witnessing an increasing trend in juvenile delinquencies. Therefore, this paper seeks to support...
The Ricci v. DeStefano court matter is an example of a court case with strong public participation. The case summary is as follows: a group of African Americans could not get a promotion which they filed as racism in the workplace. Later, the group of African American firefighters received a...
Introduction Effective leadership is essential to the success of an organization and the implementation of its programs. That is true of a well-executed resilience program such as homeland security, whose responsibility delicately defines the state’s security. Leadership is especially important in this challenging time for the federal with many issues...
One of the most reliable ways to confirm any information is statistics. With it, it is possible to verify the presence or absence of any problem and obtain specific evidence. The use of highly reputable sources also helps to ensure the high validity of the study. That is why well-known...
The number of crimes in different territories, in particular urban and suburban, varies. However, the urban environment, in contrast to the suburban environment, is also highly heterogeneous, which explains the different levels of crime in particular areas of one large city. Thus, the increased number of crimes in the city...
The protection coverage in the United States has failed to provide adequate assistance of mental health illnesses. Deductibles, day cutoff criteria, and co-protection all show disparities in mental health and substance use disorder inclusion. Many states passed equality laws that included psychological well-being protection as a key component in an...
The criminal justice system is the institution which is present in every advanced country, and it is responsible for punishing individuals for their wrongdoings. Nevertheless, in the United States, the criminal justice system gave rise to the prison-industrial complex. The term is used by critics for describing the intertwined interests...
Great Britain differs from other countries because it does not have a single document called a Constitution. The absence of such a document impacts the state system and the rule of law in the country. Constitutional customs have become particularly important in Britain, as they have enshrined almost all the...
In the Capitalist era, the number of corporations and organizations selling numerous goods and services has risen enormously. People have access to all the kinds of items they wish and the ability to pay for the work to be done for them, such as house cleaning or babysitting. Despite all...
Introduction The act of causing physical, psychological harm, or property damage is known as a crime that is against the state law and may lead to punishment. Criminology is the study of criminal behavior with the objective of prediction, prevention, and corrective actions. Criminologists are the personnel that carries out...
Introduction Australian society is characterized by a high degree of diversity in terms of ethnic, cultural, and economic aspects. The country has a colonial past that is still associated with numerous unresolved issues and debatable topics. One of the problems haunting contemporary Australian society is the inadequate representation of indigenous...
Introduction The current expansive imprisonment policies led to the mass incarceration of criminals in the United States. Due to the criminalization of illegal drug use and possession, followed by lengthy prison sanctions, the number of incarcerated people increased dramatically, which caused a significant impact on society. The US criminal justice...
Introduction When parties enter into a legally binding agreement, they are said to have entered into a contract. One distinctive element of a contract is that it can be legally enforced and should meet the threshold requirements for prevailing law. The document stipulates the obligations and duties of all the...
Feigenberg, B., & Miller, C. (2021). Racial divisions and criminal justice: Evidence from Southern state courts. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 13(2), 207–240. Web. This article addresses the profound injustices embedded in the criminal justice system of the United States. According to Feigenberg and Miller (2021), this aspect of the...
Evidence-based policing (EBP) refers to a tactical approach supporting police departments in making timely and effective decisions regarding combating and detecting crime. Among the approach’s major elements is the emphasis on the scientific method (Sherman, 1998). The term refers to a knowledge discovery method based on constructing hypotheses that are...
Introduction Crime is an inherent part of any society, and the role of law enforcement is to prevent it and effectively identify the perpetrators. The investigation process consists of several phases, including the preliminary and follow-up ones, which are required to uncover all aspects of crime. The investigation must always...
Introduction Federal laws refer to the bills created and amended in both houses of Congress and signed by the head of state. The United States Code contains individual laws, also called acts. On the other hand, state laws are formulated and enacted in the legislative branches of each state. About...
Introduction The right to break the law is the fundamental philosophical problem that depicts the conflict between the individual and the existing policies. Sometimes the law prohibits clearly moral and necessary actions, which are required to make a positive change for many people. For instance, the play Antigone by Sophocles...
The Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, established in New York on June 10th, 1958 (the New York Convention), is considered the most successful treaty applied in private international law. Currently, more than one hundred and sixty nations adhere to the convention. The objective of the...
Introduction The efforts to constitutionally allow same-sex marriage started popping up in the United States as early as the 1999’s, resulting in national and state challenges. Civil unions were advocating for same-sex marriage in several states. The federal government denied same-sex couples from accessing close to 1100 federal rights, duties...
Piercing the veil pertaining to corporate law denotes a situation in which courts dismiss the notion of limited liability and hold an organization’s shareholders and leaders personally liable for the actions or debts. Although there is a variation of the law between state legislation, there has been a generally accepted...
Facts Whren v. United States is a lawsuit that entered the Supreme Court of the US. The dispute occurred between young African American Michael Whren and the United States. Whren’s motion says that the search of the car in which he was a passenger by officers in an unmarked car...
Summary People can commit crimes at any point in their life, even when they are young and have not reached legal age. At the same time, both children and adults are capable of severe actions, which can guarantee them a life sentence in prison. Kids Behind Bars is a documentary...
Introduction The issue of rights provided to the accused in the criminal justice system is an area that has many interpretations and debates. There are cases when the rights of the accused are violated at the earliest stages and later. The case of John Doe presents a valuable ground for...
Summary In 1989, in a landmark ruling pitting the state of Texas against an individual identified as Johnson, they ruled in a 5-4 decision that desecrating the American flag was a symbolic speech protected by the United States Constitution First Amendment (Barnett et al., 2020). This research paper outlines the...
Introduction Piercing the corporate veil is a rule in English and US law targeted at the regulation of corporate activity. It, however, is sometimes considered a good idea to apply the concept in criminal and civil law, for example, in cases regarding fraudulent actions on behalf of the company, its...
Introduction It is important to note that the concept of vicarious liability is a form of indirect or secondary liability. The format is mainly utilized when a party needs to be held financially accountable for the actions or negligence of another party. Such a legal framework is primarily applied for...
Introduction The case Riley v. California investigated by the Supreme Court in 2014 is an excellent example of the unacceptable actions of police officers in investigating crimes. They were related to receiving access to private information, which is one of the most controversial provisions in terms of suitable measures. Therefore,...
Summary The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) regulates governmental agencies’ operational processes, and how they communicate with the citizens. The APA is formalized in 5 U.S.C. §§ 551-559, and it includes the Privacy Act and the Right to Information. The APA describes “agency” narrowly and does not specifically preclude the Office...
Introduction The level of criminality in the United States is impacted by various factors such as class, gender, and racial differences. Traditionally, the female genders have had a lower likelihood of committing violence compared to men and that pattern has remained until today (Fielding-Miller et al., 2020). There has also...
Introduction India is one of the countries with the largest population in the world. As a result, the country is prone to numerous crimes that may require a strong justice system to ensure that law and order are maintained throughout the country. The country has a rich criminal justice system,...
Introduction The case scenario includes Steve, who is renting a property from Billy and faces the issue with the non-compliant renting conditions and negligence of the house owner. As such, this situation resulted in a leg injury because of the unfixed stairs, as well as the broken heater, which was...
Introduction Labelling theory is a sociological approach to identify and distinguish individuals based on their roles. In general, this hypothesis is applied in the criminological environment and discusses the consequences of stigmatization. For instance, the theory analyzes how deviant labels, such as a ‘criminal’ or a ‘rapist’, might affect the...
Criminal justice presupposes punishments for committing offenses, which include isolation of recidivists from society. However, the more time people spend in places with minimal contact with the outside world and access to resources, the less they will be able to adapt back to normal lawful life. Many ex-prisoners struggle with...
Notes The crime occurred around 9:00 PM on March 11th, 2021, was discovered and examined approximately at 9:30 PM on the same day. As presented in the pictures, the objects found are a large red-colored ashtray in the shape of a fire hydrant, containing pieces of used cigarettes and ash,...
Drugs pose a significant risk to the health of an individual mainly because of the chemical compounds used during manufacturing. In this case, it is important to classify drugs based on the chemical composition due to the relational risks and impact. Researchers argue that there is a significant possibility of...
Informed consent is an authorized guideline, which safeguards a client’s right to recognize the possible threats, benefits, and options for an anticipated health care practice (De-Lusignan, 2008). Every patient should be consent before receiving therapy. Similarly, patients have a right to expect the doctors to abide by their wishes. Informed...
Introduction Pre-Sentence Investigation Report (PSIR) is essential since it helps analyze the legal and social background of an individual convicted of a crime before sentencing. The history of criminal behavior is also explored during the PSIR. This report involves Andrea Yates, the offender who confessed that she drowned her five...
Birds are interesting creatures to watch and learn about. They have charming and colorful looks; have special adaptations, with a variety of food resources and unique habitats. Most birds are known to live on trees, but quite a number also stay in or around water bodies, in caves, mountain tops,...
The Australian legal system is a distinct and unique entity that differs significantly from most of its counterparts worldwide. Though derived from English common law, it has evolved independently and eventually become sufficiently different to abandon the perception of being a copy. With that said, this uniqueness also means that...
Creating a will is an important step that every person should consider taking. Besides it being a safe way to ensure one’s property and assets are taken care of, a will helps a person decide who can be the legal guardian of their children. A trust can take care of...
The actions of forensic investigators and examiners are governed by the code of ethics. Even though the rules of conduct in forensics are especially strict, some workers might still violate such prohibitions (Laporte, 2016). Considering the implications of forensic employees’ actions is essential for the consequences of their work. In...
The National Security Strategy 2010 provides definitive ideologies on what contributes to global security, national security and homeland security. Essentially, there are multiple concerns highlighted in this policy document that help in understanding the values of domestic and international relations. Notably, there are several distinctions between the three aspects of...
Introduction Security involves the protection of property, persons, as well as the deterrence of crimes within society as prescribed by law. For a very long time, the issue of security has been a duty of the government towards its people through the police as the main players who provide security...
Introduction Hostage negotiation acts as a technique utilized by law enforcement officers to communicate with individuals who threaten violence. The negotiation helps in resolving the existing conflict for hostages to be safely released. Law enforcement officers obtain the proper training to learn how to handle hostage incidents. The continued occurrence...
Introduction Ethics is designed to help a person behave correctly with other people and follow the standards of morality. It can be applied at the workplace, at home, or in social structure. Ethical theories elaborate on how to improve an organization by integrating moral concepts into a situation. An ethical...
On Thursday, January 28, 2021, six people were reported killed in Indianapolis by a 17-year-old man named Raymond Ronald Lee Childs III. According to media reports, the young man shot and killed his father, stepmother, two teenage relatives, and a pregnant 19-year-old woman expecting a baby soon (CNN, 2021). Given...
Introduction The world faces a crisis in terms of the treatment of individuals with disabilities. Although activists should certainly advocate for the fair treatment of disabled people in society, it is now much more important to focus on violence against such persons, rather than their oppression. It is apparent that...
Homeland security plays a central role in ensuring the overall safety within the United States, but it is important to understand that there are intricate factors at play in regards to the general approaches utilized by a wide range of agencies. Although there are certain limitations in the overall implementation...
Background In recent years, the resolution of individual workplace conflict has occupied an increasingly important place in policy debates and formulation due to the decline in collective industrial action and the coinciding rise in the volume of employment tribunal applications (Carducci, 2012). As employment disputes become more entrenched due to...
One of the most common ways to structure the law is to divide it into civil and criminal law. There are differences in the goals, remedies, procedures, and parties between civil and criminal cases. Regarding the goals, there is one primary difference between civil and criminal laws. Civil cases are...
The United States government comprises three branches, namely the legislative, executive, and judicial. In order to ensure that none of the branches assumes more power than the others, the framers of the constitution elaborated a system of checks and balances which would help limit and control the branches’ jurisdictions. The...
Introduction Cohen and Felson (1979) have extensively discussed criminology along with the theory of routine activity. This theory dwells a lot on the circumstance with which criminal activities occur with relativity to time, space, the category of offenders, and their targets and agree that criminal acts are considered a routine...
The term “public administration” refers to all activities undertaken by public agencies, whether internal or external. It is the responsibility of the on-site managers, who are generally free to organize their agencies’ work in ways that will facilitate the achievement of their goals. As a result, the various state and...
Introduction The critique will start with an analysis of the research problem and purpose of the research. Thereafter, an analysis of the suitability of the method will be done as well as the reliability and validity of the article. Ethical considerations and conclusions made will also be analysed so as...
Introduction The main goals of any correctional system are to: punish the offender, protect society, and rehabilitate the offender. However, it is not very clear how well correctional systems attain these goals. Many countries have carried out drastic reforms in the way they handle lawbreakers. This essay is going to...
According to White (2005), there are various legal issues that may affect the work of faculty college members. These may include faculty employment, gender discrimination, copyright infringement, and free expression among others. White also identifies sexual harassment, sexual orientation, and possession of weapons as legal issues that affect college administrators...
Introduction The article by Harris-McKoy and Cui (2013) that is going to be summarized in the paper at hand investigates the connection of adolescent delinquency with the level of parental control. The authors assume that during transition periods, parents are often unable to exercise due control over their adolescent children–this...
Introduction This is a review of the Congressional Research Service report on International Terrorism, the focus being on threat, policy, and response issues. The report was completed on January 3, 2007. Terrorism refers to the organized use of fear or fright, in particular as a way of compulsion. The practice...
Prevention of crime through social development is perceived as the most effective strategy not only in preventing crime but also in reducing crime rates since it addresses the shortcomings of traditional methods of crime prevention. CPSD theorists argue that crime is effectively eliminated if preventive measures target its root cause...
Domestic violence is a serious problem of many modern families, especially taking into consideration the fact that many victims do not report it as they are not aware of domestic violence laws. It is more important that they do not understand how these laws can help them avoid or prevent...
In recent years, the popularity of juvenile boot camps as a tool for correcting underage offenders has been on the rise. Juvenile boot camps are “short-term residential programs that resemble military basic training and target adjudicated juvenile offenders” (Tyler, Darville & Stalnaker, 2001). The main goal of juvenile boot camps...
Adolescents tend to behave in a manner that is contrary to the accepted rules. They engage themselves in activities such as underage smoking and abuse of drugs in an attempt to find their place in the world. Juvenile offending or delinquency refers to the illicit demeanor of minors. Research suggests...
Introduction In the modern democratic world, the notion of human rights and freedoms is fundamental. There is no law or regulation that allows one person to deprive another person of life. There are different forms of murders – self-defense murder, unintentional, and premeditated murder. Unintentional murders are punished with imprisonment...
Introduction Crime refers to the involvement of an act or behavior that is contrary to the set laws and regulations of a society and, hence, punishable by set criteria of verdicts. Crimes vary in nature, intensity, and form, country to country. Some common forms of crime may include sexual abuse,...
Introduction Available scholarship demonstrates that investigators and prosecutors are central to cases involving elected or appointed government officials who engage in criminal activities with the view to obtaining a benefit or avoiding a burden (Pollock, 2011). However, these professionals are faced with a multiplicity of ethical dilemmas in the discharge...
Abstract The criminal justice system is regarded as the best way of reducing and preventing incidences of crime in society. There are various types of crimes in a given community. The current essay sought to address corporate crime, which is one form of common crime. The author analyzed the financial...
The system of justice involves a variety of important institutions and regulations. Imprisonment is the final stage of a criminal’s deeds’ investigation and punishment. However, merely putting a person behind bars does not lead to the automatic eradication of all problems. Just punishment for those individuals who have broken the...
Introduction This case study analysis will consider two scenarios. The first scenario argues as if there is enough evidence that, Bill who joined Peradua as their Director of Procurement in September 2009 did help Peradua to win the contract of replacing reporting system and that the Trust did not follow...
Forensic accounting refers to the branch of accounting that deals with integrates legal practice in investigations and auditing. The standards for forensic accounting are thus derived from the law and they give this practice its law definition. The major advantage of forensic accounting is in its role in detecting fraud...
Cloward and Ohlin found some of the theories limited and flawed by examining the influence of social conditions on crime rates in different areas and social groups. Scientists agreed that poverty is a factor that increases the crime rate but also tried to explain why young offenders choose a certain...
Introduction Nervous shock is used in the laws of Ireland and England to indicate psychiatric disorders or injuries inflicted onto an individual through neglect or and intentional actions from another person. In most instances, it usually applies to psychiatric illnesses which are triggered after witnessing an incident or accident, such...
The Constitution of the United States as the Supreme Law of the country was designed to determine the univocal point of view about all the basic realities and cases. However, it is not always easy to figure out what is prescribed by the Constitution and how to read it. The...
Abstract This is a comprehensive study that investigates on the impact of economic globalization on labour rights in developing countries. The work divides the broad topic into major subtopics to make the understanding easier. Some of the issues discussed include the general aspect of economic globalization including its benefits and...
Search Warrant A search warrant is a document which gives the authorities the right for searching a place for specific items. The permit is signed by a magistrate and should list the objects which the officers ought to look for. A warrant is based on an affidavit, a document signed...
Introduction The day-to-day transactions that take place in business involve people. Additionally, the business has come out as a dominant social institution in society and as a result, it has evolved as an institution that controls significant social assets and hence wields overwhelming financial power. As a result, business institutions...
Introduction Due process is an important concept in a country’s justice system. As a result, a right to due process is considered by many countries as a fundamental element in the fight to uphold human rights. The right to the due process ensures that the government respects the legal rights...
Introduction As reported by Pittsburgh radio station KDKA (2009), an 11-year-old boy Jordan Brown that is accused of murdering his father’s fiancée and her unborn son is not likely to be tried as a juvenile offender. It is natural that the boy’s attorneys are expected to appeal for letting the...
Summary Akers’ social learning theory posits that individuals develop the urge to engage in criminal activities and the techniques to execute these acts through interacting with peers or within their social circle. According to Nodeland and Morris (2018), people master new deportments, attributes and aspirations through direct encounters as well...
Introduction A company is an organization made up of people working together in a bid to achieve the objectives set by the company’s stakeholders. The fact that an organization is made up of many tangible and non-tangible assets it therefore calls for the services of a security director. Thus, a...
Although individuals detained in prisons have limited civil rights in comparison to free citizens, they retain certain rights which are protected under various national state and federal laws. However, in most countries, violation of prisoners’ rights continues to be prevalent in institutions of rehabilitation and often go undetected and unpunished...
Introduction The focus on victimization prevention will help the criminal justice system and the crime victims to reduce the number of abuses and crimes that take place in the local community. Victimization prevention is an effective tool against crime as it helps potential crime victims to adapt their behavior patterns...
The establishment of the United States is a remarkable event for world history. In 1774, thirteen English colonies began military operations in the struggle for independence and reached their goal on July 4, 1776 (Bodenhamer 12). This is the date of the formation of the new sovereign state of the...
Introduction To begin with, it is necessary to mention the fact that the work by Judge Kim Wardlaw is featured by professionalism, high qualification, and justice. Originally, by the time she had become the first Hispanic woman in the US judicial system of the Court of Appeals, she clearly knew...
What is the extent to which the drug subculture influences criminal behavior? How does it achieve this influence? Nowadays one can see that in every nook and corner thousands of people are addicted to drugs. It is increasing day by day among adolescent children too. This will lead the children...
Introduction The students’ body forms an integral part of any academic institution. As any group of people operating in a group, having in place rules that guide their individual and group, behavior forms an important basis of their management. Like all other human beings, they would wish to express themselves...
The question of the origins and causes of delinquent behavior is crucial in criminology as it allows finding solutions for its prevention. Life-course theories are one of the complex approaches to studying the nature of such behavior since they consider the lives of people at different stages of development and...
The second Amendment has provided a platform for controlling the ownership of weaponries. This has caused both support and criticism. Out of the entire population in the United States, approximately 393,347,000 people own firearms (ProCon.org). This translates to a ratio of 120.5 weapons to 100 people; the highest ratio in...
Starting from the 1990s, postmodern criminology has been gaining substantial importance. This discipline lays particular emphasis on such aspects as gender, class, and race in its theories of the origins of crime. According to Arrigo (2019), postmodern criminology recognizes the specific value of language as a non-neutral, politically charged instrument...
The right-to-work law is a central provision that gives employees the freedom to choose whether to join a workers union or not. As such, under this law, employees have some freedom at the workplace, even in a unionized environment, to decide whether to pay union dues for representation. The debate...
Introduction Juvenile justice is an area of law often associated with the difficulty of adapting the justice system to the target population. Penalties for offenses committed by persons under the age of majority are discussed in the context of ethical standards and comparison with legal practices applied in criminal law...
Role of Information in criminal investigation When conducting a crime, perpetrators can leave signals that represent valuable information being left behind. This can include eyewitness descriptions, murder weapons, fingerprints, and others. However, Investigators cannot make conclusions based on one type of evidence, so gathering all kinds of information is essential....
Overall, the impact of antitrust laws on American industry has always been a subject of heated debate. Several economists believe that some of them, for example, the Sherman Act decrease competitiveness in the market, and protect only weak and inefficient companies (Shenefield, 2001, p 88). There are opposing views on...
There are many landmark cases in the United States that are still being referred to by courts today. One of those cases is the Marbury v. Madison court case. The case established that the judicial department has absolute power to review any laws passed in the country and determine whether...
Introduction Restorative justice as an approach to justice that seeks to repair the harm done by the offense rather than punishment or incarceration. It emphasizes the offender’s accountability, his or her, as well as the victim’s, involvement in the community. Furthermore, this approach seeks to rehabilitate and reintegrate the offender...
Most criminologists used to take conformity, or compliance with social rules, for granted deeming it as a natural part of what it is like to be a human. As shown by Freud, there is always a certain tension between the needs of an individual and the needs of society. Though...
DOD’s role in Defense Support of Civil Authorities The U.S. Department of Defense is a government agency that is the government’s executive arm and is responsible for coordinating, monitoring, and executing functions related to U.S. national security. In other words, the Department of Defense is responsible for ensuring the country’s...
Introduction Crime among juveniles is not a new phenomenon, and the trend has been increasing in the recent past. It is noted that in the late 20th century, concern has been on the rise concerning the criminal acts that have been committed by the youths. There has been a general...
Introduction Good afternoon ‘Your Honor’, ‘Ladies and Gentlemen’ of the jury. My name is (please enter your name), and I will be representing the prosecution in today’s case against Thomas Morton. Your honor, this is a story about a boy who deliberately decided to walk the road of delinquency. A...
Introduction The death penalty, otherwise known as capital punishment is one of the most controversial issues in our society. Although it is not a recent topic and has been disputed over for centuries, our society has still not come in accord to make a firm implementation of the rule. The...
The court of law is one of the pillars of the democratic system. It is that important part of the system from which people expect to deliver justice. This is why it is very important that the judges and other court members deliver the most justice they can. In order...
Abstract “Bill of Rights “is the first ten amendments made to the American constitution. However, the First Amendment is considered to be the most pivotal. The First Amendment to American constitution guarantees the rights to freedom of religion, speech etc. However, Supreme Court has expanded the meaning of First Amendment...
Introduction Professional ethics is that code of conduct, which various professions have to observe primarily with themselves and the public in general. Code of ethics, which has to be observed primarily with themselves, with the public at large, with their clients and courts during the period of their profession, is...
Introduction Labor disputes in the UK are resolved through a system of employment tribunals. Although the activities of the tribunals are directly related to the administration of justice, they are not part of the court system and are administrative, not judicial bodies. Employment tribunals are not the only tribunals in...
A Summary of Social Control Crime as one of the threats to human safety and a destructing force for society is often explained from the point of view of sociology. All governments develop a system of controlling techniques and mechanisms to deter crime and ensure the safety of the citizens...
The topic of prison reform has been highly debated as the American Criminal Justice System has failed to address the practical and social challenges associated with incarceration as well as the reentering of ex-prisoners into society. The existing methods of punishment for crimes do not address the constructive culture necessary...
The debates on whether parents should be responsible for the criminal actions of their children are continuing up to these days. It is no secret that there were cases when teenagers were engaged in underage drinking, possession, and use of drugs. Moreover, some young people commit more serious crimes like...
Introduction The engagement in crime by children whether in schools or communities has a negative influence on safety, the well-being of others, and the academic performance of such learners. In modern times, young children from as early as 10 years are forming school gangs that are notorious for interrupting serenity...
Introduction In recent years headlines appear commonly concerning the rise of racist speech and controversial speeches on university campuses along with unsuccessful and condemned attempts to regulate it. In his article, Charles Lawrence argues about the First Amendment rights, which on one hand serve as the foundation of American democracy...
Introduction Limestone County in Alabama faced a significant increase in the rates of violent crime over the past ten years. As shown in Table 1, the primary reason for that is the spike in aggravated assaults. This could be due to poor law enforcement in public areas or reduced efficiency...
Introduction The death penalty was a common form of punishment in early societies across the world. Records show that the Roman Empire, Egyptian Empire, Achaemenid Empire, Hittite Empire, Babylonian Empire, and Assyrian Empire all used capital punishment as a way of punishing serious crimes (Garrett 54). The Draconian Code of...
Intermodal transportation can be defined as “seamless door-to-door freight transport operations using at least two different modes of transport” (Harn & Toshinori, 2005, p. 3). Historically, freight logistics markets were strictly regulated in both Europe and the USA. Policies, laws, and regulations helped protect the existing firms’ position within the...
There is very little doubt about the fact that the question of whether parents should be held responsible for the crimes of their children has a certain controversial quality to it. On the one hand, the currently enacted jurisprudential paradigm in the West (based on the presumption of legal innocence...
Introduction A legal framework governing the relationships between the government and citizens is largely based on those rights and obligations that are specified in official acts. One of these provisions is the First Amendment that is part of the Bill of Rights and regulates the freedom of speech, press, and...
Summary Alcohol consumption and sale in the U.S. are regulated by several laws, each of which may vary depending on the state. The main law governing this issue is the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. It authorizes the states to determine their own regulations regarding the sale, distribution, importing,...
Introduction The aim of this paper is to analyze a case study on a third-party contract. The paper’s analytical focus will be on an intended beneficiary and their legal rights. Discussion Under contract law, a third-party beneficiary is a person who benefits when two parties to a contract fulfill their...
The SMART Port Security Legislation The Securing Maritime Activities through Risk-Based Targeting for Port Security Act (SMART Port Security Act) was passed on June 6, 2012, by the House Committee on Homeland Security. The Act was supposed to improve the maritime security programs working under the Department of Homeland Security....
Introduction Not so long ago, I had an argument with my friend on the topic of gun laws and gun regulation. My friend stated that gun laws should be less strict than they are now so that more people could have guns for self-defense, and gun violence could be reduced....
The first chapter is an introduction to criminology. It tells about the basic topics and defines the basic term. From my point of view, this chapter can be divided into two subtopics, which it encompasses. Those are criminology and crime. I am going to start with crime since the author...
Facts Holmes was faced with a charge sheet containing some of the most heinous crimes in society. The defendant faced first-degree burglary and robbery, first-degree murder, and rape of an 86 year old woman, Mary Stewart. Convicted by a trail Court in South Carolina Court, Holmes was denied certiorari. This...
Facts William E. Story II was given a promise by his uncle to be paid $5,000 which translates to $72, 000 in today’s dollars rate under conditions that he refrained from drinking, using tobacco, swearing, and playing cards for money till he was the age of 21 years. To all,...
The chapter 9 “Social Conflict Theories” describes the following analytical perspectives on law and social order. The consensus perspective revolves around the statement that the majority of society members have the same assumptions on the right and the wrong, and people collaborate to achieve some greater good. The pluralistic perspective...
In the article “History from the inside out: Prison Life in Nineteenth-Century Massachusetts”, Larry Goldsmith has attempted to provide a detailed history of prison life and prison system during the 19th century. In particular, he takes the case at Charleston, New York, as an example of how American prison system...
Introduction The enactment of the Affordable Care Act can be listed among the most discussed events related to the U.S. healthcare industry. The implementation of this act has several consequences for the population and the authorities, ranging from decreases in the number of uninsured patients to changes in the volume...
Introduction The key purpose of this paper is to analyze and assess the main similarities between the Hobbesian and Austinian concepts of the sovereign, precisely outline the constitutive elements of John Austin’s theory, and thoroughly examine how the definition is applicable to the laws in the United States. The Thesis...
Abstract Movies have been known to influence popular culture in different parts of the world. Analysts believe that the “CSI effect” is one of the fruits of popular culture. The argument presented in this paper is that the effect has significantly influenced jurors in such a way that they ask...
Abstract Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) v. Harkat was a landmark case in Canada especially in regards to the era of terrorism. This case brief outlines the details of this landmark Supreme Court Ruling. Included in the brief are the details of the case, in summary, its background, accompanying facts, the...
Abstract The current research dwells on the prevalence of delinquent behavior in teenagers residing in Columbia County, GA. The researcher effectively addressed the issues inherent in the concept of community policing and identified several programs that may help throughout the process of mitigating the occurrence rate of delinquencies. Moreover, the...
Duress and undue influence are vitiating factors that can impair the validity of a contract (Shilling, 2013). Duress refers to a substantial threat of violence of other illegal harm that puts undue pressure on a person signing a contract. Duress covers unlawful restraint, property, and economic wellbeing. However, legal action...
Introduction Social influence can be demonstrated n various ways including compliance, obedience, conformity, and group think. Social situations possess the power to change people’s feelings, thoughts, and behaviors. The Stanford prison experiment is an example of how outside social situations influence changes in thought and behavior among humans. Definition of...
The problem of a victimless crime has been labeled as controversial due to the different opinions surrounding this issue. In this paper, the definition of the victimless crime, as well as my position on the crime, will be presented and discussed. Victimless Crime: Definition and Limitations A crime can be...
The Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) or Medical Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (MOLST) is a program that can offer an effective method for ensuring that patients’ choices regarding end-of-life (EOL) are honored (Braun, 2016; National POLST Paradigm, 2017). Even though advanced directives (ADs) can be effectively used for the...
Introduction As the organisations eligible for representing the rights of employees in the workplace, unions are entitled to a significant amount of influence that they can exert in the environment of the British labour force market. However, it should be noted that there are a plethora of factors affecting the...
Summary Across centuries, different governments have been struggling to reduce the availability of illicit drugs and substances. For this reason, drug policies in the United States aimed at strengthening law enforcement agencies to combat the drug and substance abuse problem. While the government struggles to reduce the availability and use...
Political Environment With the opening of China’s operations amidst continuous reforms since 1978, the country, according to the World Bank, has moved to become the second-largest economy after the US-based on the purchasing power parity (PPP). Reforms in the political environment, as well as in the legal systems, have eased...
