1295 samples of this type
Genetic engineering is the manipulation of the genes of an organism by completely altering the structure of the organism so as to come up with different characteristics of the same organism. Genetic engineering has been successfully applied in different fields with a lot of success especially in the disciplines of...
Domestication Models Two Agricultural Theories That Oppose Each Other There are two main domestication models used to describe the development of agriculture. Some scientists strongly believe hunter-gatherers first cultivated wild plants by putting random wild seeds in the ground near their homes. The first approach supports the idea that domestication...
Snakes are a widespread species that can be found in almost every part of the planet. While many people find them dangerous and even have phobias associated with snakes, they are interesting animals worthy of researchers’ attention. Due to the snakes’ inaccurate portrayal in media and culture, the general population...
Introduction The study of the structure of DNA is important not only to biologist, but to every inquisitive mind and every person that is interested in knowing how this life we live is recreated. Many researchers have come up with findings which have contributed greatly to the body of knowledge,...
The aim of this experiment is to show how natural enzymatic reducing agents are as effective as the chemical ones. A reduction process is characteristically the gain of two hydrogen atoms or the loss of an oxygen atom, or both (Fox & Whitesell, 2007). This results to a structural configuration...
Introduction The human body is a complex machine that has various components that play different roles to ensure people develop and grow without problems. Blood plays an important role in the body because it ensures there are efficient gaseous exchange, respiration and excretion systems, and coordination of various parts. It...
Introduction The Tanuki, also called the Japanese Racoon Dog, is a subspecies of the Asian Racoon Dog. In Japanese folklore, the Tanuki is a benevolent but sneaky rascal, which is why its statues, featuring giant testicles and wide-brim hats, are sprinkled across many Japanese cities and towns. The animal has...
Anthropology is the systematic and scientific study of humanity, which encompasses a wide range of fields. Its interests can span from mere human biology to human culture and societies. Anthropologists also study linguistics and ethnography with the main focus on humans. It is a highly important and essential field, which...
Anthropologists study the evolutionary origins of humanity intending to understand various diverse and distinct forms of cultural and social existence globally. By examining the behaviour of people in different communities, these professionals link past and present activities, local and universal practices, and time and space to understand human societies (Diah...
One of the world’s most endangered organisms is vaquita (Phocoena sinus), native to the northern Gulf of California. The animal got its name from the Spanish name vaquita, which means little cow. Scientists first identified this animal in 1958 when they found its’ unique skulls on the beach (Manjarrez-Bringas et...
Introduction Stem cells are immature cells which are mostly found in multi-cellular organism and they are mainly characterized by their ability to renew through mitotic cell division which later differentiates into ranges of various specialized cell types (James, 2004, p39). Stem cells in mammals are classified into two broad classed...
Introduction Anthropologists have demonstrated that all human cultures embrace a system of beliefs relating to the maintenance of health and illness causation, and concomitant therapeutic and preventive practices relating to these beliefs. In fact, most cultures have numerous and diverse therapeutic options. In this medical plurality, which option or options...
Having access to a variety of food and drinks today, people would hardly think about their history. The availability of flour, salt, or sugar is usually taken for granted. Sidney Mintz, an American anthropologist, challenged the approach to treat food as something ordinary and focused research on the history of...
Introduction The first question this research attempted to explore was how different water treatments affect maximum plant height. The hypothesis stated that the greywater would result in shorter plants in the experiment because such water has potentially harmful chemicals and materials that may have adverse impacts on the soil in...
Introduction Ethnography is a systemic analysis of people and their cultures (Richardson, 2013; Fine, 2013; Kottak, 2005). For our ethnography assignment, we decided to study life at the cafeteria cited three blocks from our resident building. To ensure anonymity, this paper refers to the cafeteria as “The Point” and assigns...
Introduction The protein evolution rate and mechanisms are one of the crucial questions in evolutionary biology. It was estimated that this rate depends on the protein’s functional constraints. Modern methods of investigation, in particular, amino acid sequence, provide an opportunity to examine the dependence of protein functions on its primary...
Advantages and Disadvantages of Genetic Testing: Essay Introduction The progress of medicine and healthcare provides people with an opportunity to recognize health problems at their early stages and start treatment to avoid complications. There are many serious disorders and diseases that have genetics as one of the main causes, including...
The phenomenon of the dew point is truly amazing in its simplicity. It can be observed on a regular basis, and it presupposes a change in the state of water, one of the most common chemical compounds on the Earth – or, to be more exact, the most common one...
Rhetoric analysis encompasses a methodology for providing responses to texts or speeches with the chief intention of unveiling how textual work creates meanings followed by a subsequent evaluation of the factual and implied meaning thereof. The ‘how’ aspect attempts to ponder the strategies deployed by the author or the speaker,...
This paper is aimed at discussing the similarities and differences between cats and dogs. These animals are often regarded as bitter antagonists that cannot co-exist. Nevertheless, they can actually bear resemblance to one another. For instance, one should mention their interactions with people and their eating habits. Nevertheless, it is...
Introduction Thanks to agricultural education, humans have mastered the art of domestication. In agriculture, five production factors are vital within the domestication process (Wiseman et al., 2021). Therefore, this study focuses on Cocrico, the red-tailed Chachalaca referred to as the Tobago Pheasant and is greatly revered for being in Trinidad...
Introduction Canada is the second largest country in the world, constituting approximately 10 million square kilometers. The country covers the Atlantic, Arctic, and Pacific seas and is located in the northern portion of North America. The landscape of Canada is varied, including rough mountains, plateaus, lakes, and seas. Ontario, Quebec,...
Genetic cloning is a biotechnological manipulation whose result is to create a genome-identical clone for a given species. Cloning any species, from E. coli to humans, is a matter of time and technical sophistication, so it is highly likely that after the relatively successful experiments to create a somatic clone...
Introduction Weathered rocks, mineral particles, organic material, air, and water make up soil matter. The material provides the necessary nutrients for plants and organisms to grow. Soil formation is a gradual weathering of rocks due to physical agents like wind and water and chemical reactions such as oxidation-reduction. The progressive...
Hawksbill is a sea turtle scientifically known as Eretmochelys imbricate. Hawksbills are named after their narrow, pointed beak resembling that of a hawk, and they use it to find food from cracks and crevices (Miller & Meindl, 2019). They have a unique pattern of overlapping scales on their shells which...
The troposphere begins at the surface of the Earth and can go up to five or nine miles. This area of the atmosphere has the highest density and a lot of weather. As you go higher in the troposphere, it gets colder; the temperature can be an average of 62°F...
In the modern age, the internet and computers have become a common practice, especially in the business sector. Most people rely on these technologies for work, entertainment, homework, communication, or medical advice. Health studies have pointed out significant consequences like addictions with increased dependence on digital advancements. The brain changes...
Salmonella was discovered in the XIX century and was named after an American veterinarian Daniel Elmer Salmon who discovered it. Salmonella is divided into six subspecies, and salmonella enterica is one of them. Salmonella enterica is a bacterium of the genus Salmonella. As a rule, it is contained in raw...
The Central Dogma The central dogma is a principle describing the transfer of molecular information in the Nucleus of the DNA. It gives detailed instructions on the processes involved in the conversion of DNA information into a final functional product, the protein. The central dogma was proposed by Francis Crick...
Online communication has become an inevitable component of social relationships and everyday interactions between members of society. It is a tool for helping prevent social relationships from diminishing over time. Thus, the interactions within the context of kinship have also been occurring online, with sociologists exploring the ways in which...
Introduction The evolutionary relationship between organisms has been measured and monitored using DNA and proteins from these organisms. This is because, members of the same species have the larger fraction of their genes (DNA) and proteins being common. Genes and products of genes (proteins) can be considered as historical documents...
The Canadian Shield (also referred to as the Laurentian Plateau or Bouclier Canadien in French) makes up almost half of Canada’s total area since it extends from Labrador through to northern Quebec, Ontario, eastern and Northern Manitoba, northern Saskatchewan and the very northeast corner of Alberta where it plunges under...
This assignment focuses on the Camelopardalis species a type of giraffe. One of the noticeable characteristics of this species is its elongated neck that enables it to reach the topmost part of the trees to be able to get foliage for sustainability. This essay looks into the long-necked trait and...
Country Description As a country for analysis, Japan is selected as a unique state with distinctive business approaches and cultural characteristics that create a distinctive image of the country. Traditions and beliefs constitute a significant part of Japanese business politics, which explains the significant differences between its culture and those...
Background Along with Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes and tetrapod offspring), the ray-finned fish Actinopterygii make up the familiar class of bony fishes, the Osteichthyans. Osteichthyans are distinct for having an air sac (a swim or lung bladder but this may be lost) and large dermal bone units on the head and...
Introduction Throughout history, there have been many significant discoveries of human remains. These findings have an incalculable cultural and historical importance for the countries where they were discovered and the world in general. The remains of the people who died thousands of years ago allow contemporary scientists to uncover the...
Vitamins are essential micronutrients needed by the body in small quantities. They are also essential for normal cell functions, growth and development. Vitamins are grouped into fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins. The body stores the fat-soluble vitamins in its fatty tissues and these facts are absorbed easily from dietary fat. On...
Introduction Symbiosis is common in nature because different species interact with each other. However, while some interaction benefits all participants, others bring benefits only to one side and can harm another. For this reason, scientists distinguish between three types of symbiosis that exist in nature, such as mutualism, commensalism, and...
Paper Outline Introduction The male or female reproductive systems form the human body’s reproductive system. During reproduction, the male sperms (gametes) are synthesized by the male reproductive system for the eventual fertilization of the female ova (oocytes). On the other hand, the female reproduction system plays an important role in...
Abstract All life on earth is made of a fundamental structure called a Cell. They can be of two types of organisms: Unicellular and Multicellular. Unicellular are made of a single cell (Uni – one, in latin) cell and Multicellular organisms are made of many cells (Multi – many). Cell...
Summary Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a method of thermal evaluation of substances where deviations in physical and chemical properties of materials are quantified with changes in time or temperature. The purpose of this experiment was to use TGA to determine compositional information about an inorganic salt and formulate a series...
Newspaper Story Summary A newspaper article debunks a myth that dogs like hugging. Referring to the latest research findings, it states that by animal psychologists findings, dogs might feel distressed, unhappy, and miserable when their owners embrace them to show their devotion and love (Knapton, 2016). One of the central...
Introduction There are many thoughts on the origins of human beings. A lot of people believe that they were created by God or some other spiritual form. However, the scientific approach usually recognizes humans as one of the biological species that obey the same laws of nature. Darwin’s theory offers...
Red Ferrosols are ancient Australian soils which formed from the weathering of basalt volcanic rock millions of years ago (Cotching 2015, p. 1). While the flora and fauna of that time are long extinct, Red Ferrosols outlasted many of the challenges, including meteors and climate changes, until the biggest challenge,...
Introduction In the chapter “Witchcraft explains unfortunate events”, Evans-Pritchard states that Azande perceive witchcraft as a power that may lead to misfortune when it establishes contact with other events. Even though it is an ordinary and casual phenomenon for them, Azande do not refer to it when discussing all possible incidents....
Food safety constitutes proper preparation, storage, and preservation of all foods. According to the United Nations Asian and Pacific Center for Agricultural Engineering and Machinery (APCAEM), an upsurge in international trade on agricultural products has made food safety a major concern. Furthermore, food safety is becoming a serious policy matter...
The exploration of space has always set people’s imagination on fire. Popular science fiction only added to the excitement of the humankind, making people wonder what wonders the Universe has in store for its explorers. However, focusing on the unknown and the mysterious that the outer space concealed, people are...
Experimental Procedure Gravimetric analysis is used as a laboratory chemical technique to identify, for example, the empirical formula of a substance or to utilize stoichiometric calculations through a series of successive heating and weighing of a compound that includes water molecules. In the present work, gravimetric analysis was used to...
Introduction Draft horses embody strength, agility, reliability, and hard work. They play a major role in the exemplification of various tasks in which they are pivotal. However, it is important to implement the proper care techniques to ensure the health, well-being, and potential of the aminal are not minimized, especially...
Introduction Many fascinating animal species exist in the world of wildlife, each with its unique history and adaptations. Mule deer is one of the most well-known and captivating species in the northern wilderness; beautiful creatures inhabit various corners of the world and maintain extraordinary adaptations that enable them to thrive...
Introduction Ever since biochemical evolutionary processes caused the origin of life on Earth several billion years ago, the drivers of natural selection, heredity, and variability have resulted in a wide range of biodiversity. This diversity is the foundation for questions about what determines the properties of living matter in the...
Agriculture is an essential part of the State’s activities. Thus, like any other industry, it may experience changes over time. Hence, as part of this scientific project, I visited a field in Hong Kong. Prior to the introduction of alterations initiated by the British government, these territories were engaged in...
Introduction Egypt is a transcontinental nation that extends to the southwest corner of Asia and the northeast corner of Africa. Moreover, the country is bordered in the north by the Mediterranean Sea, east by the Red Sea, south by Sudan, and west by Libya. Its capital city is Cairo, with...
Summary This article discusses some of the essential ideas about camouflage in the wild, an important component of the evolutionary process. There are three main functions disguise plays in nature: worsening detention, imposing difficulties for identification, and redirection of attack. Detection means that camouflage makes it hard for predators to...
Connective tissue presents a part of human anatomy that supports the body’s structure and other tissues’ functionality by connecting them. Depending on their composition, materials, and functions, connective tissues can be separated into three types: loose, dense, and specialized. Loose connective tissue has the widest distribution in the human body;...
Introduction The increase in chronic disease caused by lifestyle changes and obesity is a significant concern. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have developed protocols to improve health and fitness. Physical fitness can be determined by an individual’s cardiovascular...
Orangutangs The first species selected for observation are orangutangs in the San Diego Zoo. There are three species of the genus Pongo: Sumatran orangutan, Bornean orangutan, and Tapanuli orangutan (“Orangutan,” n.d.). Orangutangs, also known as red apes, live in the forests of the Southeast Asian islands (“Orangutan,” n.d.). These great...
My reflection and detailed evaluation of Why Evolution is True by Jerry A. Coyne demonstrates the significance of biological processes and transmutation of living organisms. The book features the characteristics of evolution that brace wildlife’s existence and tries to champion its ideas to be taught in schools. Jerry A. Coyne...
The fluctuation of the deer population on Arizona’s Kaibab Plateau from 1905 to 1939 is an excellent example that demonstrates the importance of carrying capacity. This concept refers to the average population size of the species that the geographical area can support (National Geographic, n.d.). In other words, the environment...
Despite the rapid development of technology and society, some countries lag behind others in some aspects. Therefore, the comparison of States is of particular importance. This work examines the similarities and differences between countries such as Singapore and the United States of America. This process is necessary to identify those...
General Information One of the true theropods, moving on two powerful hind legs, is Oviraptor. The reptile lived during the Late Cretaceous in what is now Central Asia, or more precisely, Tajikistan and Mongolia. A unique feature of this species was the presence of a crest on its head, which...
Abstract Environmental studies provide learners with an opportunity to advance their knowledge of how organisms interact with their environment. The study enhances one’s knowledge of how the interaction shapes the species of organisms. Some species have gone extinct, while others have undergone significant changes to fit in the new environment....
To complete this kinship diagram project, I prefer to use a nonunilineal descent system, also known as bilateral descent. In anthropology, understanding kindship is a crucial aspect, with the help of which individuals are able to identify and describe their family relationships. There are three functions of any kinship system:...
General Information Tyrannosaurus rex is one of the best-known forms of fossil reptile theropods that existed at the end of the Cretaceous period. First of all, it should be emphasized that Tyrannosaurus rex is a collective name for an entire genus of four-legged reptiles, so this summary will discuss the...
General Information A member of the marsupial family is the red kangaroo, also endemic to Australia. The red kangaroo is one of the most prominent members of the kangaroo family. This animal lives in the savannah areas of Australia, and therefore it can do without fluids for a long time....
Human eating is both a driven and a biological need, and it is consequently affected by a variety of mental, commercial, and ecological factors. Comprehending the biological base of feeding behavior is essential for determining how extra-biological stimuli are converted into nutrients intake. From childhood to adolescence, human-eating behaviors change...
Dalton’s Atomic Theory (DAT) was a major contribution to the field of chemistry. DAT is based on five assumptions regarding the nature of the world’s smallest molecules. The first hypothesis of this theory suggests that all matter consists of atoms, invisible particles that cannot be observed due to their minuscule...
Introduction Also known as Emydocephalus annulatus, the turtle-headed sea snake lives in shallow coral reef waters. The snake is mainly found in Indonesia, northern Australia, and the Philippines. The name is derived from its pointed snouts that resemble a turtle. The snake has a habit of prodding cluster fish out...
Historical Background The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the original home of Islam and the Arab people and occupies a large part of the Arabian Peninsula (Vassiliev, 2013). Saudi Arabian citizens mostly support the Arab and Muslim cultures that connect them with millions of people in different parts of the...
Looting and smuggling of illegally obtained artifacts have become a major problem for various branches. In terms of archaeology, this tendency prevents experts from examining the items, hiding important findings from professionals. In addition, looting receives the attention of the world’s governmental services, as it is criminal activity related to...
Short tandem repeat (STR) is a molecular biology tool mainly exploited in forensic science in order to determine certain locations known as loci present on the nuclear material, DNA. STR sites exhibit remarkable polymorphism which offers a reliable platform for forensic investigations to differentiate the DNA profiles from one individual...
Venezuela is located in the northern end of South America, with an area spanning approximately 354 thousand square miles. It has a 1,700-mile coastline bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, administering a number of islands and archipelagos in those bodies of water. Venezuela is divided into three elevations...
For muscles to contract, the muscle fiber creates tension within itself. This tension is brought up by the action of myosin and actin cross-bridging sequence. Contraction in muscles generally means the generation of tension by the muscles with the help of neurons (Starr, Beverly 108). “The sliding-filament theory of muscle...
Goal To establish antibody purification needs. Abstract The variance in the antigen and antibody interaction coupled with the choice of molding these interactions has enabled us to open a new world of antibody use. Today antibody fragments and antibodies are used in immunochemical techniques. It is because of the advanced...
Introduction The experiment was conducted to determine the usage and purpose of spectrophotometer relative to Beer and Lambert’s law. Spectrophotometer is used in measuring the intensity of light absorption as described in Beer and Lambert’s law. In the experiment, Glucose and enzymes were provided and since glucose is not absorbent,...
Background Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) is an analytical method that employs two distinct yet depended techniques. Infrared spectroscopy entails use of the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum in identification and study of matter. A mathematically derived algorithm called the Fourier Transform is then used to convert the raw data...
Introduction Magnolia is among the largest genus flowering plants in Texas and eastern of North America. Magnolia is derived from a French botanist Pierre Magnol after discovering the plant in the Royal Botanic Garden of Montpellier in France. The taxonomic classification of the Magnolia tree is as follows: The domain...
Organelles Organelles are structures in a cell that have specific functions such as energy production and controlling growth. These cellular structures are embedded in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, they enable cellular processes to take place normally. Animal and plant cells have the same types of organelles....
Introduction The main aim of this paper is to address the rare subject that entails the inclusion of the Oman culture in English literature. Oman is one of the most conducive places to visit in the United Arab Emirates. The region has a rich history, culture and background. In addition,...
Chlorophyll is the molecule found in green plants that absorbs sunlight necessary for the process of photosynthesis for the sustenance of plant lives. Situated in the chloroplasts of green plants, it is what constitutes the green color of green plants. When light falls on plants, chlorophyll pigments take in blue...
Jaw reflexes are of different kinds, including the jaw jerk reflex, the myotactic reflex, the jaw closing and opening reflex. This paper will aim to describe each in turn, with the clinical relevance of the normal and abnormal reflexes along with published scientific research in dental journals that has focused...
The eight videos on the site depict the process of human reproduction and the scientific principles governing the reproductive process (www.pbs.org). The videos are placed in a sequential manner; one following the other with a total viewing time of one hour during which the birth of a new baby and...
China’s political decisions have always been largely informed by the limitations of its geography. During the formative period of the Han empire, the fertile heartland of China lent itself to agrarian purposes, which made it defenseless against external forces. Back in a day, the main danger was violent nomadic tribes...
Introduction Theoretically, the evolution of behaviors amongst organisms’ populations gets necessitated by diverse forces such as genetic drift and natural selection, which alter the rate of occurrence of the alleles in populaces. The change in population over time occurs in reaction to preference to or against a population subclass difference....
Introduction One of the most famous books for all humanity is the Bible, which has been living and passed down from generation to generation for thousands of years. The vast majority of people have read the sacred texts at least once or live by the views reflected in this book....
Cell Theory Cells are the basic unit of life that makes up every living organism. Cells were discovered by an English scientist known as Robert Hooke; he observed the structure of a thinly sliced cork under the light microscope which he invented (Khan Academy, 2015). He observed in the dead...
Introduction We are “Red Panda,” a mammalian species native to southwestern China and the eastern Himalayas (see Appendix 1). We are the only members of the Ailuridae family (we could have been raccoons but scientists opted to place us in a separate family). We live both in the wild and...
Introduction The determination of the origin of humans on the Earth, as well as other beings, has been the core debate among anthropologists, biologists, and church representatives for decades. The introduction of Darwin’s theory heightened the debates as his Evolution theory became opposed to the beliefs and teachings of the...
Introduction Shakhashiri B. Z., (1983, pp.213-215) defines a polymer as a substance composed of molecular particles branded by the numerous reappearance of one or more species of atoms or groups of atoms linked to each other in amounts appropriate to provide a set of properties that do not vary markedly...
Introduction Cloning is the creation of an embryo by the method of human somatic cell nuclear transfer. This procedure involves implanting DNA cells from an organism into an egg whose DNA nucleus has been removed then chemically treated so that the egg begins to behave as though fertilization has occurred....
Charles Darwin has worked out a theory of evolution according to which all the species are united by a common ancestor. There exist some objections to this theory. These are mostly philosophical objections of those who claim about the existence of immutable essences stating that there are certain variations within...
Introduction The book Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature by Janine Benyus describes theoretical technological innovations that are inspired by nature and natural processes. The author argues that many of current technologies and attitudes are unsustainable (Benyus 13). She draws attention to specific current ecological problems, such as the increasing carbon...
Introduction In the modern world, much attention is paid to health literacy and the exchange of necessary information. Community involvement cannot be ignored because this practice makes multiple sources available for creating new strategies and understanding human behaviors (Scrimshaw 7653). Along with social scientists, health professionals, and researchers, anthropologists play...
Abstract Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is an emerging tool for effective waste management as well as an efficient method for sitting landfills and other dumpsites. Due to the global shortage of land for solid waste disposal especially near the major towns and cities, landfilling areas must be well selected to...
The research focuses on part one of Omnivore’s Dilemma, Industrial Corn. The book is written by Michael Pollan. The review focuses on Chapters 1 (The Plant: Corn’s Conquest to Chapter 3 (The Elevator) of part 1(Industrial Corn) of The Omnivore’s Dilemma. The Industrial Corn comprises Chapters 1 (The Plant: Corn’s...
Primates are the group of mammals. This group consists of such animals as monkeys, lemurs, and apes. Humans are primates too. What is more, humans are the most recent category of primates. Although humans live all across the globe except Antarctica, the majority of primates inhabit tropical and subtropical areas....
Executive Summary The purpose of the report is to compare Cessna 150’s fuel system with that of Piper PA-28 Cherokee in terms of performance, efficiency, and cost. Both systems use the same working principles. Fuel for the flight is initially stored in the tanks located in the right and the...
Introduction Wildlife is always deemed to be of great significance economically, ecologically, environmentally as well as culturally. It includes a wide range of species from amphibians, insects, birds to mammals. Thus, there is no doubt that there are some organisms that are native while others were introduced or re-introduced to...
Genealogical tree studies make practical sense in terms of gaining a better understanding of the pattern of inheritance of phenotypic traits. In the context of basic clinical research, such a study allows one to form a view of inherited diseases in such a way that if one relative had the...
Introduction PH (hydrogen potential indicator) is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. This parameter indicates the solution’s hydrogen ions (H+) concentration. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with a value of 7 being considered neutral (Surat, 2020). A value less than 7 indicates acidity,...
Indigenous population statistics The population of Guatemala is very diverse and includes various nationalities. Speaking of the indigenous people, they are in the minority. To be more precise, 53.3% of the population of Guatemala are Hispanic Guatemalans, including 39.3% Ladino mestizos and 14.0% white Creoles (Hernández et al., 2019). This...
Chemistry of Yoghurt Yogurt is a product of fermentation, a process through which sugar molecules are broken down in an anaerobic (without oxygen) environment aided by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses to form carbon dioxide and acid or alcohol. In yogurt, lactic acid in milk is fermented by...
Biogeochemical cycles are the transportations and transformations of chemicals in ecosystems (UCAR, n.d.). Some chemicals can be a part of a plant or an animal one day and then be a part of a river the next day. Biogeochemical cycles are of extreme importance for the planet, as they help...
Introduction Biology has endless possibilities for developing new technologies for genetic engineering and treating various diseases. Biotechnological innovations in medicine already bear the separate name of biomedicine. Thus, experiments are being conducted in editing human genes, which will help eradicate genetic diseases such as the aforementioned schizophrenia. This is why...
Nowadays, there are numerous kinds of mushrooms, which can be an issue for foragers. While there are mushrooms that are safe to consume, there are poisonous species that are infamous for their toxins and lethal outcomes, along with other effects. Furthermore, some of such inedible mushrooms have similar appearances to...
The Main Themes of Microbiology Microbiology’s main themes study microscopic organisms, their structure, functioning, evolution and interaction. Microbes are the main subject; thus, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and algae influence nature and the planet is explored. Indeed, these organisms are the major part of the Earth’s biosphere, and microbiology allows humanity...
Introduction The United States is one of the most urbanized countries in the world. It houses some of the largest and most attractive cities in the world. The cities attract visitors and residents from all over the world because of the opportunities they offer. Los Angeles and New York are...
At the end of the 19th century, disputes continued about the parts of which atoms consisted. Scientific minds have tried to determine whether atoms are the smallest material particle or if there are even smaller elements. An English physicist, J. J. Thomson, was an academic who made one of the...
Teratogens are chemicals that can cause physical or functional abnormalities in a human embryo or fetus is exposed to a pregnant mother. Examples of such drugs include alcohol and cocaine. The duration of exposure, the amount of teratogenic chemical present, and the stage of development in which the embryo or...
The skin may be regarded as one of the most important organ of the human body due to its multiple indispensable functions. It protects a person from all challenges that may come from the environment and assists in the regulation of inner processes as well. This paper is dedicated to...
Sequencing became one of the revolutionary tools in molecular biology and biomedicine that allowed a better understanding of the genomes of various organisms. The first method that became foundational for the next-generation sequencing systems was Sanger’s dideoxy synthesis, developed in 1977 (Slatko et al., 2018). It is a complex process...
Reproductive System Anatomy The reproductive system in both females and males is located within the lower part of the body. While the female system is situated within the pelvis, the male system resides outside the pelvis. The systems contain both internal and external organs. Internal male organs include the duct...
Introduction Animal companions are important and dear to the owners and thus, deserve much care. Individuals have for a long time adopted pets as part of their lives to the extent they treat them like family members. This has allowed many resources to be invested in the animals’ medicine, care,...
According to the multi-component model of working memory, a working memory model is vital for resourceful intellect. According to the dual pathway model, triggering instead of disengaging moods increases working memory capacity, allowing for greater cognitive suppleness. Short-range memory is also called the working memory. As an alternative to all...
In the article Interrogating racism: Toward antiracist anthropology (2005), the author Leith Mullings discusses the issue of racism in anthropological studies. In the introductory part of the research, Mullings explains the historical connection between anthropology, racism, and antiracist movements. She states that anthropology has a contradicting history when it comes...
Unlike the ancient one, modern man is developing much faster, and this year, from the point of view of evolution, is equal to the previous century. The population of the Earth today is much more diverse than before. People differ by race and nationality and by physical and intellectual level,...
General Information Seymouria is an extinct animal of the genus Reptiliomorpha, which inhabited the United States and Germany about 280 million years ago: thus, Seymouria was among the first four-legged animals to live on land. As is clear, the animal’s existence occurred during the dry Permian period, so adaptation to...
To begin with, the skin is the largest organ of the human body that plays a very important role in protecting our species from any external danger. It simultaneously keeps the internal space safe and highly secure without any movement obstructions. Furthermore, skin can be described by multiple significant functions...
Observation I examined the consistency change of the milk when it was left out of the refrigerator for four days. Hypothesis The hypothesis is that the higher temperature affects the bacteria growth in the milk, hence changing the milk’s consistency. Experiment and Procedure A list of materials used in the...
Geladas are monkeys that are acquired only in Ethiopia’s mountains. They are the most-earthly species in the highlands of the tropics, and it has become unusual for their primate relatives (“WATCH: Spend a Day”). Geladas are also experienced rock-climbers; however, they prefer to sit for a significant part of the...
Democratization of Maps began in the late 1970s, although some geographers opposed the idea of democratization of maps with a view that it would lead to the demise of cartography. However, the program gained popularity in 2002 when many people joined the race. The color brewer tool was the leading...
Sharks are marine animals of the class Cartilaginous fish. Species of this class are known to have a cartilaginous skeleton, gills without an operculum, no swimming bladder, and placoid scales. The class includes many different species, including the White shark, Tiger shark, and smaller catsharks, constituting over 400 species around...
General Information One of the first mammals of the Mesozoic era was Hadrocodium, whose external structure may remind modern rodents of the rat, squirrel, or weasel type. Fossils of this animal were found in Early China; it is thought that Hadrocodium lived about 195-200 million years ago. Literally, the Latin...
Mysteries of Mankind is a documentary that explores the origin of humanity and the advancement of technology that introduced new methods to estimate the age of fossils, footprints, and bones. The documentary has been developed with keywords that include science, humankind, and technology. It is one hour long, produced in...
Introduction When an acid and a base are reacted, a neutralization reaction occurs whereby a solution and a gas are formed. This experiment tests the effect of temperature, concentration, and surface area on the rate of reaction. Temperature is defined as the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance,...
Introduction The analysis of documentary stories about individual geographic regions is often built on standard research patterns when milestones in history and key achievements are mentioned. The video Africa’s Great Civilizations: Cities directed by Mark Bates and presented by Henry Louis Gates Jr. cannot be included in the list of...
Introduction The nervous system (and the human brain as its core element) is still one of the most under-researched systems. The development and functioning of the brain have been studied for centuries using diverse approaches. Behavioral, cognitive, and developmental approaches have enabled researchers to explain and describe diverse mechanisms and...
Background Cellular respiratory is a set of processes and reactions that occur inside the cells of a living organism. They aim at converting chemical energy from oxygen molecules to energy that can be used by body tissues (Budin 1186). Additionally, these reactions convert nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The cellular...
Introduction This presentation focuses on a single bird species, the American Crow. It is a common name of this bird, while its scientific name is Corvus brachyrhynchos (Townsend, Taff, et al., 2019). Its picture is present on the slide to demonstrate its appearance. American Crows typically live in the northern...
As the name of the seventh chapter of Moral Choices suggests, Rae talks about biotechnology, genetics, and human cloning. He generally discusses the various ways professionals perform genetic testing, and, as the result, the ways they determine whether a person or a child has a predisposition to a specific genetic...
The rib cage may also be called a thoracic cage. It has twenty-four bones known as the ribs. The ribs are curved around the chest. A human rib cage has twelve thoracics. The top seven pairs attach themselves to the sternum by cartilage; they are the true ribs (Starr, Beverly...
By definition, climatology denotes the study of climate. Climate for its part refers to a set of weather conditions that characterize a given location (Monin, 1986). With these definitions in mind, theories of climatology refer to the ideas that attempt to explain some climatic phenomena. There are two well known...
Introduction According to [1], carbon nanotubes belong to a carbon molecular family that is different from that of graphite and diamond referred to as fullerene. These structures, cylindrical in shape, formed by the carbon atoms fall into two major categories. The categories are single-walled nanotubes and the other category is...
Results and Discussion The key results of this laboratory work were direct measurements of analytical signals from fatty acid esters obtained using the classical instrumental GC/MS method. Since it is well known that this technique uses a reference method, the organic methyl caprate with a reference peak value was chosen...
In group 8 and period 4 of the periodic table lies a chemical element by the name iron with 24 as its atomic number and Fe as its chemical symbol. It is classified under first transition series metals and is silvery in color with an atomic mass of 55.847.iron is...
Introduction The Triaclyglyceral compounds refer to the group of lipids found in plants and animals; that are easily metabolized to acetyl coenzyme as they are twisters of glycerol as the main constituent of compounds. In most cases, the basic structures of most prevalent triaclyglycerals are not complex; but are composed...
Introduction First of all, it should be stated that the classification of chemical reactions according to the pH scale defines the acidity of the included and resulting components. Originally, the pH scale was invented for measuring the acidity of the solutions, and the scale incorporates the acidity criteria elaborated by...
The red blood cells (RBCs) are oxygen and carbon dioxide carrying cells found in the blood serum of vertebrate organisms (Starr, 143). They transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, and carbon dioxide from the tissues to organs that get rid of them, such as lungs. The RBCs are...
A paramecium is a singled celled living organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista. The organisms size is about 0.02 inches in length. They have an oval shape and are rounded on the front and tapered at the end. The organism has a pellicle which gives shape to the organism...
In the current world, significant theoretical shift in the link between scientific exploration and ethics has taken place. The time difference between ethical consideration and parallel scientific inventions is slowly vanishing. This simply means that ethics has set up its own cadence. This change has been unfalteringly led to the...
Introduction There has been a remarkable breakthrough in molecular biology over the last ten years. Already today, it is possible to read the genetic code of a person and to predict what diseases it will inherit. With the help of gene technology, scientists clone animals, attempt to create children “on...
Introduction Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is the most common among all helminths in the world with a prevalence rate of 20-40 million in the United States. Treatment of pinworm infection is fairly easy and medication can be provided at all public health facilities. This paper seeks to provide an analysis of...
Skull – consists of cranial and facial bones Cranial bones – these contribute to the cranium, which encloses & protects the brain; note they are separated by jagged boundaries called sutures; there are 8 cranial bones (note there is a right & left parietal and a right & left temporal;...
Introduction The understanding of life in different societies is the primary task set by anthropologists, and its importance is defined by the necessity to address issues related to human existence as a whole. Such a complicated matter requires the use of specific approaches, and fieldwork is the most beneficial method...
Bispenol-A (BPA) is a very essential chemical compound used in the manufacture of a variety of plastic-based materials. For instance, the manufacture of epoxy resins as well as the polycarbonate plastics heavily relies on the availability of bisphenol A (Chenier, 2002). The plastics are thereafter used to make containers for...
The identification if various forms of bacteria is an important part of clinical practice. To identify bacteria, the present phenotypic characteristics are usually compared with those of known bacteria. In the process of identifying bacteria a researcher needs to appreciate the fact that the characteristics may vary significantly. Furthermore some...
Introduction General idea Erdal, 2003, states that this project seeks to provide fundamental information on the size of gas bubbles produced in oil from a cyclonic inlet to a gas/oil separator. FRAMES Separation BV support the work, and will consist of three phases: Phase 1 “Gas Carry under” – will...
The present paper aims at providing bioethical analysis world-famous case of Terri Schiavo, a patient who was artificially kept alive for more than 15 years in a vegetative state. Ms. Shiavo experienced cardiac arrest, which led to brain injury, on February 15, 1990 (Fine, 2005). As a result, the patient’s...
The graph describes the connection between relative humidity and temperature as well as the variations in these two parameters at different times of the day. The overall relationships exhibited are that the relative humidity increases as temperature reduces and vice versa. The peak relative humidity is measured at 6 am,...
The process of DNA transcription takes place in several stages, during which RNA is first recorded, information from which organizes amino acids into proteins. As a result, the same sequences are transmitted in the cells, preserving certain traits. DNA must be copied and transferred to daughter cells with a vast...
